Production and Analysis of Pyrolysis Oil From Waste Plastic in Kolhapur City
Production and Analysis of Pyrolysis Oil From Waste Plastic in Kolhapur City
Production and Analysis of Pyrolysis Oil From Waste Plastic in Kolhapur City
ISSN 2091-2730
Production and Analysis of Pyrolysis oil from waste plastic in Kolhapur city
Mr. Sudhir B. Desai1
+91 9673748181, desaisudhirb@gmail.com
Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India.
Mr. Chetan K. Galage2
+91 9970988579, chetankgalage@gmail.com
Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India.
Abstract: The aim of this research was to study the pyrolysis oil production from municipal plastic waste of Kolhapur city. A
pyrolysis experiment is done on the municipal LDPE plastic waste of 150 grams. A series of tests were carried out at a temperature
range of 300- 350 0C with all other parameters being same. Under pyrolysis conditions plastic waste was decomposed into three types:
producer gas, oil and solid residue. The obtained result shows that the properties of the pyrolysis oil are closely similar to that of
diesel. hence it can be used as alternative fuel for compression ignition engines.
Keywords: alternative fuel, Compression ignition, LDPE, Plastic waste, Producer gas, Pyrolysis oil, solid residue.
Introduction:
Conversion of waste to energy is one of the recent trends in minimizing not only the waste disposal but also could be used as an
alternate fuel for internal combustion engines. Waste plastics are non-biodegradable materials and its application in the domestic as
well as industrial field is continually increasing. As the disposal of plastic will take more than 500 years in natural way. Hence, the
plastic waste disposal is the biggest concern of the city. In Kolhapur city, around 165 tonnes of solid waste is generated every day, out
of which nearly 11% i.e. 18 tonnes is contributed by only plastic waste. The aim of this experiment is to convert this non
biodegradable plastic into useful components.
A plastic material is a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are malleable. Plastics are typically organic
polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived
from petrochemicals, but many are partially natural. Plastics can be converted into hydrocarbon fuels since it contains hydrogen and
carbon. LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) is defined by a density range of 0.9100.940 g/cm3. It is widely used for domestic as well
as industrial applications.
Pyrolysis is the thermo chemical decomposition of organic substances at elevated temperatures in absence of oxygen. Plastic waste is
treated in a cylindrical reactor at temperature of 300 oC 350 oC. The gases are condensed to give a low density oil. A solid carbon
residue gets generated at the bottom of the reactor.
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International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 1, January-February, 2015
ISSN 2091-2730
Method:
The process flow chart:
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International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 1, January-February, 2015
ISSN 2091-2730
Waste plastic is collected from municipal solid waste. A sample of 150 grams of waste plastic (LDPE) is taken and cleaned. The
sample is fed into the reactor and heated at a temperature of 300-350 oC for about 35 minutes using induction heater. The plastic is
evaporated at this temperature and the vapours are condensed by direct mixing it with water at atmospheric temperature. The layer of
oil is formed at the surface of water due the difference in their densities. This oil is separated by using distillation process. 100ml oil
was formed with 150 grams of plastic waste.
Parameter
Specific Gravity
o
Unit
Pyrolysis Oil
Diesel
0.7894
0.81
cSt
5.56
3.80
Viscosity at 25 C
Flash Point
41
50
Fire Point
46
56
Sulphur
0.028
<0.035
Carbon Residue
0.05
0.20
Calorific value
KCal/Kg
9434
10031.52
Cetane Number
49
55
780
850
Density
Kg/m
Graphical Representation:
Viscosity at 25oC
Specific Gravity
6
0.9
0.8
0.7894
5.56
0.81
0.7
3.8
0.6
0.5
0.4
2
0.3
0.2
1
0.1
0
0
Pyrolysis Oil
592
Diesel
Pyrolysis Oil
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Diesel
International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 1, January-February, 2015
ISSN 2091-2730
0.25
0.2
0.2
0.15
Sulphur
0.1
Carbon Residue
0.05
0.05
0.035
0.028
0
Pyrolysis Oil
Diesel
Density
850
900
780
800
700
600
500
Density
400
300
200
100
0
Pyrolysis Oil
Diesel
60
56
50
50
55
49
46
41
40
Pyrolysis Oil
30
Diesel
20
10
0
Flash Point
593
Fire Point
Cetane Number
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International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 1, January-February, 2015
ISSN 2091-2730
Calorific value
11000
10031.52
10000
9434
9000
8000
Calorific value
7000
6000
5000
Pyrolysis Oil
Diesel
% of output
Fuel Oil
80% - 90%
Producer Gas
8% - 10%
Char as Residue
2% - 13%
REFERENCES:
[1]
http://www.kolhapurcorporation.gov.in/English/PH_Solid/20waste%20management.html
[2]
http://www.kolhapurcorporation.gov.in/pdf/ESReport201314.pdf
[3]
for use as alternate fuel for transportation, 2nd International Conference on Chemical,
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594
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Ecology and
Environmental
Sciences,
International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 1, January-February, 2015
ISSN 2091-2730
[4]
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http://plastics.americanchemistry.com/Plastics-to-Oil
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