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    Lab Evidence For Chemical Change

    Uploaded by

    Ruby
    This document provides instructions for a chemistry lab experiment involving a series of chemical reactions using copper (II) nitrate solutions. Students will observe physical and chemical changes as copper (II) nitrate is reacted with sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, and aluminum. They will identify reaction types, write balanced equations, and record observations of color changes, precipitate formation, gas evolution and heat effects to provide evidence that chemical reactions occurred.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lab Evidence For Chemical Change

    Uploaded by

    Ruby
    204 views3 pages
    This document provides instructions for a chemistry lab experiment involving a series of chemical reactions using copper (II) nitrate solutions. Students will observe physical and chemical changes as copper (II) nitrate is reacted with sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, and aluminum. They will identify reaction types, write balanced equations, and record observations of color changes, precipitate formation, gas evolution and heat effects to provide evidence that chemical reactions occurred.

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    Lab Evidence for Chemical Change.doc

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    This document provides instructions for a chemistry lab experiment involving a series of chemical reactions using copper (II) nitrate solutions. Students will observe physical and chemical changes as copper (II) nitrate is reacted with sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, and aluminum. They will identify reaction types, write balanced equations, and record observations of color changes, precipitate formation, gas evolution and heat effects to provide evidence that chemical reactions occurred.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    204 views3 pages

    Lab Evidence For Chemical Change

    Uploaded by

    Ruby
    This document provides instructions for a chemistry lab experiment involving a series of chemical reactions using copper (II) nitrate solutions. Students will observe physical and chemical changes as copper (II) nitrate is reacted with sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, and aluminum. They will identify reaction types, write balanced equations, and record observations of color changes, precipitate formation, gas evolution and heat effects to provide evidence that chemical reactions occurred.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Name:___________________________________ Pd.

    :_____

    Lab Evidence for Chemical Change


    One way of knowing that a chemical change has occurred is to observe that the
    properties of the products are different from those of the reactants. The new product
    can then become a reactant in another chemical reaction. In this experiment you will
    observe a sequence of changes that occur when a solution that begins as copper (II)
    nitrate is treated with a series of different reactants. All of the reactions will take place
    in the same test tube. At each step you will look for evidence that a new substance is
    formed as a result of a chemical change. You will also observe heat changes and
    relate them to chemical reactions.
    Pre-Lab
    For each reaction: IDENTIFY the type of chemical reaction, PREDICT the products,
    and BALANCE the chemical equation.
    1.

    __ Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + __ NaOH (aq)


    Type of Reaction:

    2.

    __ Cu(OH)2 (s) + heat


    Type of Reaction:

    3.

    __ CuO (s) + __ HCl (aq)


    Type of Reaction:

    4.

    __ CuCl2 (aq) + __ Al (s)


    Type of Reaction:

    5.

    __ HCl (aq) + __ Al (s)


    Type of Reaction:

    Procedure
    1. Place 50 mL of water into the 100 mL beaker and heat it on a hot plate until boiling.
    This will be the hot-water bath you will use in step 6.
    2. While the water bath is heating, use the lab marker and ruler to make three marks
    on the test tube that are 1 cm apart. Make the marks starting at the bottom of the
    test tube and moving toward the top.
    3. Add 1.0 M Cu(NO3)2,
    copper (II) nitrate, to the
    first mark on the test tube
    as in Figure 1.
    4. Add 1.0 M NaOH, sodium
    hydroxide, up to the
    second mark on the test
    tube as in Figure 2.

    5. Mix the solutions with the stirring rod. Touch the bottom of the outside of the test
    tube to see if heat is released. The copper-containing product in the test
    tube is copper (II) hydroxide. The other product is sodium nitrate.
    6. Put the test tube into the hot-water bath you prepared in step 1. Heat it until no
    more changes occur. Record the changes that occur in the test tube. The
    products of this reaction are copper (II) oxide and water. Hint: If it doesnt
    turn Black add a few more drops of NaOH.
    7. Remove the test tube from the hot-water bath. Turn off the hot plate. Cool the test
    tube and its contents for 2 minutes in room-temperature water.
    8. Add 1.0 M HCl, hydrochloric acid, to the third mark as Figure 3. Mix with the
    stirring rod. Remove stirring rod and rinse in tap water. Record the changes that
    occur in the test tube. The new products are copper (II) chloride and water.
    9. Place a 12 cm piece of aluminum wire in the test tube. Leave it until no reaction is
    observed. Touch the bottom of the test tube to check for temperature change.
    Record the changes that occur in the test tube. Two reactions take place.
    Copper (II) chloride and aluminum produce copper and aluminum chloride.
    The aluminum also reacts with hydrochloric acid to form hydrogen and
    aluminum chloride.
    10.
    Carefully remove the wire from the test tube with your stirring rod. Decant the
    solution down the drain and flush with water. Compare the copper formed to a
    sample of copper wire. Record your observations. Solid copper and aluminum
    should go in the trash can.

    Observations
    Reactants
    Cu(NO3)2 + NaOH

    Products
    Cu(OH)2 + NaNO3

    Cu(OH)2 + heat

    CuO + HCl

    CuO + HCl

    CuCl2 + H2O

    CuCl2 + Al

    Cu + AlCl3

    HCl + Al

    H2+ AlCl3

    Evidence of Reaction

    Analysis and Conclusion


    1. List four types of observations that indicate when a chemical change has
    occurred.

    2. What is the color of solutions of copper compounds?

    3. In what two ways is heat involved in chemical change? Cite specific


    examples from this experiment.

    4. Write word equations for each of the five reactions that occurred, including
    states of matter.

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