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Customizing The Insert, Update, and Delete Behavior of Entity Classes

This document provides instructions for customizing the insert, update, and delete behavior of entity classes in LINQ to SQL by using stored procedures instead of the default LINQ to SQL runtime behavior. It describes how to create a Windows Forms application with a LINQ to SQL data model, add controls bound to entity classes, and implement save functionality. It also explains how to override the default update behavior by adding stored procedures to the data model and configuring the entity classes to call those stored procedures for inserts, updates, and deletes.

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jewelmir
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
71 views

Customizing The Insert, Update, and Delete Behavior of Entity Classes

This document provides instructions for customizing the insert, update, and delete behavior of entity classes in LINQ to SQL by using stored procedures instead of the default LINQ to SQL runtime behavior. It describes how to create a Windows Forms application with a LINQ to SQL data model, add controls bound to entity classes, and implement save functionality. It also explains how to override the default update behavior by adding stored procedures to the data model and configuring the entity classes to call those stored procedures for inserts, updates, and deletes.

Uploaded by

jewelmir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Walkthrough: Customizing the

Insert, Update, and Delete Behavior


of Entity Classes
Visual Studio 2013
The Object Relational Designer (O/R Designer) provides a visual design surface for
creating and editing LINQ to SQL classes (entity classes) that are based on objects
in a database. By using LINQ to SQL [LINQ to SQL], you can use LINQ technology
to access SQL databases. For more information, see LINQ (Language-Integrated
Query).
By default, the logic to perform updates is provided by the LINQ to SQL runtime. The
runtime creates default Insert, Update, and Delete statements based on the schema
of the table (the column definitions and primary key information). When you do not
want to use the default behavior, you can configure the update behavior and
designate specific stored procedures for performing the necessary Inserts, Updates,
and Deletes required to work with the data in the database. You can also do this
when the default behavior is not generated, for example, when your entity classes
map to views. Additionally, you can override the default update behavior when the
database requires table access through stored procedures. For more information,
see Customizing Operations By Using Stored Procedures.
Note
This walkthrough requires the availability of the InsertCustomer, UpdateCustomer,
and DeleteCustomer stored procedures for the Northwind database. For details
about how to create these stored procedures, see Walkthrough: Creating Update
Stored Procedures for the Northwind Customers Table.

This walkthrough provides the steps that you must follow to override the default
LINQ to SQL runtime behavior for saving data back to a database by using stored
procedures.
During this walkthrough, you will learn how to perform the following tasks:

Create a new Windows Forms application and add a LINQ to SQL file to it.

Create an entity class that is mapped to the Northwind Customers table.

Create an object data source that references the LINQ to SQL Customer class.

Create a Windows Form that contains a DataGridView that is bound to the


Customer class.

Implement save functionality for the form.

Create DataContext methods by adding stored procedures to the O/R


Designer.

Configure the Customer class to use stored procedures to perform Inserts,


Updates, and Deletes.

Prerequisites
To complete this walkthrough, you need the following:

Access to the SQL Server version of the Northwind sample database. For
more information, see How to: Install Sample Databases.

The InsertCustomer, UpdateCustomer, and DeleteCustomer stored


procedures for the Northwind database. For more information, see
Walkthrough: Creating Update Stored Procedures for the Northwind
Customers Table.

Creating an Application and Adding LINQ to SQL


Classes
Because you will be working with LINQ to SQL classes and displaying the data on a
Windows Form, create a new Windows Forms application and add a LINQ to SQL
Classes file.
Note
Your computer might show different names or locations for some of the Visual
Studio user interface elements in the following instructions. The Visual Studio
edition that you have and the settings that you use determine these elements. For
more information, see Customizing Development Settings.

To create a new Windows Application project that contains LINQ


to SQL classes
1. From the File menu, create a new project.
2. Name the project UpdatingwithSProcsWalkthrough.
Note

The O/R Designer is supported in Visual Basic and C# projects. Therefore, create
the new project in one of these languages.

3. Click the Windows Forms Application template and click OK. For more
information, see Developing Client Applications.
The UpdatingwithSProcsWalkthrough project is created and added to Solution
Explorer.
4. On the Project menu, click Add New Item.
5. Click the LINQ to SQL Classes template and type Northwind.dbml in the Name
box.
6. Click Add.
An empty LINQ to SQL Classes file (Northwind.dbml) is added to the project,
and the O/R Designer opens.

Creating the Customer Entity Class and Object


Data Source
Create LINQ to SQL classes that are mapped to database tables by dragging tables
from Server Explorer/Database Explorer onto the O/R Designer. The result is LINQ to
SQL entity classes that map to the tables in the database. After you create entity
classes, they can be used as object data sources just like other classes that have
public properties.

To create a Customer entity class and configure a data source


with it
1. In Server Explorer/Database Explorer, locate the Customer table in the SQL
Server version of the Northwind sample database. For more information, see
How to: Connect to the Northwind Database.
2. Drag the Customers node from Server Explorer/Database Explorer onto the
O/R Designer surface.
An entity class named Customer is created. It has properties that correspond
to the columns in the Customers table. The entity class is named Customer
(not Customers) because it represents a single customer from the Customers
table.
Note

This renaming behavior is called pluralization. It can be turned on or off in the


Options Dialog Box (Visual Studio). For more information, see How to: Turn
Pluralization On and Off (O/R Designer).

3. On the Build menu, click Build UpdatingwithSProcsWalkthrough to build the


project.
4. On the Data menu, click Show Data Sources.
5. In the Data Sources window, click Add New Data Source.
6. Click Object on the Choose a Data Source Type page and then click Next.
7. Expand the UpdatingwithSProcsWalkthrough node and locate and select the
Customer class.
Note
If the Customer class is not available, cancel out of the wizard, build the project,
and run the wizard again.

8. Click Finish to create the data source and add the Customer entity class to
the Data Sources window.

Creating a DataGridView to Display the


Customer Data on a Windows Form
Create controls that are bound to entity classes by dragging LINQ to SQL data
source items from the Data Sources window onto a Windows Form.

To add controls that are bound to the entity classes


1. Open Form1 in Design view.
2. From the Data Sources window, drag the Customer node onto Form1.
Note
To display the Data Sources window, click Show Data Sources on the Data menu.

3. Open Form1 in the Code Editor.

4. Add the following code to the form, global to the form, outside any specific
method, but inside the Form1 class:
C#
private NorthwindDataContext northwindDataContext1
= new NorthwindDataContext();

5. Create an event handler for the Form_Load event and add the following code
to the handler:
C#
customerBindingSource.DataSource
= northwindDataContext1.Customers;

Implementing Save Functionality


By default, the save button is not enabled and save functionality is not
implemented. Also, code is not automatically added to save changed data to the
database when data-bound controls are created for object data sources. This section
explains how to enable the save button and implement save functionality for LINQ
to SQL objects.

To implement save functionality


1. Open Form1 in Design view.
2. Select the save button on the CustomerBindingNavigator (the button with the
floppy disk icon).
3. In the Properties window, set the Enabled property to True.
4. Double-click the save button to create an event handler and switch to the
Code Editor.
5. Add the following code into the save button event handler:
C#
northwindDataContext1.SubmitChanges();

Overriding the Default Behavior for Performing


Updates (Inserts, Updates, and Deletes)
To override the default update behavior

1. Open the LINQ to SQL file in the O/R Designer. (Double-click the
Northwind.dbml file in Solution Explorer.)
2. In Server Explorer/Database Explorer, expand the Northwind databases
Stored Procedures node and locate the InsertCustomers, UpdateCustomers,
and DeleteCustomers stored procedures.
3. Drag all three stored procedures onto the O/R Designer.
The stored procedures are added to the methods pane as DataContext
methods. For more information, see DataContext Methods (O/R Designer).
4. Select the Customer entity class in the O/R Designer.
5. In the Properties window, select the Insert property.
6. Click the ellipsis (...) next to Use Runtime to open the Configure Behavior
dialog box.
7. Select Customize.
8. Select the InsertCustomers method in the Customize list.
9. Click Apply to save the configuration for the selected Class and Behavior.
Note
You can continue to configure the behavior for each class/behavior combination as
long as you click Apply after you make each change. If you change the class or
behavior before you click Apply, a warning dialog box providing an opportunity to
apply any changes will appear.

10.Select Update in the Behavior list.


11.Select Customize.
12.Select the UpdateCustomers method in the Customize list.
Inspect the list of Method Arguments and Class Properties and notice that
there are two Method Arguments and two Class Properties for some columns
in the table. This makes it easier to track changes and create statements that
check for concurrency violations.
13.Map the Original_CustomerID method argument to the CustomerID (Original)
class property.
Note

By default, method arguments will map to class properties when the names match.
If property names are changed and no longer match between the table and the
entity class, you might have to select the equivalent class property to map to if the
O/R Designer cannot determine the correct mapping. Additionally, if method
arguments do not have valid class properties to map to, you can set the Class
Properties value to (None).

14.Click Apply to save the configuration for the selected Class and Behavior.
15.Select Delete in the Behavior list.
16.Select Customize.
17.Select the DeleteCustomers method in the Customize list.
18.Map the Original_CustomerID method argument to the CustomerID (Original)
class property.
19.Click OK.
Note
Although it is not an issue for this particular walkthrough, it is worth noting that
LINQ to SQL handles database-generated values automatically for identity (autoincrement), rowguidcol (database-generated GUID), and timestamp columns during
Inserts and Updates. Database-generated values in other column types will
unexpectedly result in a null value. To return the database-generated values, you
should manually set IsDbGenerated to true and AutoSync to one of the following:
Always, OnInsert, or OnUpdate.

Testing the Application


Run the application again to verify that the UpdateCustomers stored procedure
correctly updates the customer record in the database.

To test the application


1. Press F5.
2. Modify a record in the grid to test the Update behavior.
3. Add a new record to test the Insert behavior.
4. Click the save button to save changes back to the database.

5. Close the form.


6. Press F5 and verify that the updated record and the newly inserted record
persisted.
7. Delete the new record you created in step 3 to test the Delete behavior.
8. Click the save button to submit the changes and remove the deleted record
from the database
9. Close the form.
10.Press F5 and verify that the deleted record was removed from the database.
Note
If your application uses SQL Server Express Edition, depending on the value of the
Copy to Output Directory property of the database file, the changes may not appear
when you press F5 in step 10. For more information, see How to: Manage Local Data
Files in Your Project.

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