SALIENT FEATURES OF EXISTING & PROPOSED DAMS IN

PAKISTAN
MANGLA DAM
Mangla Dam is the sixteenth largest dam in the world. It was
constructed from 1961 to 1967 across the Jhelum River,
about 67 miles
(108 km)
south-east
of
the
Pakistani capital, Islamabad in Mirpur District of Azad
Kashmir, Pakistan. The main structures of the dam
include 4 embankment dams, 2 spillways, 5 power-cumThe main dam is 10,300 feet (3,100 m) long and 454 feet
(138 m) high (above core trench) with a reservoir of 97
square miles (250 km2). Since its first impounding in 1967,
sedimentation has occurred to the extent of 1,130,000 acre
feet (1.39 km3), and the present gross storage capacity has
declined to 4,750,000 acre feet (5.86 km3) from the actual
design of 5,880,000 acre feet (7.25 km 3). The live
capacity has declined to 4,580,000 acre feet (5.65 km3) from
5,340,000 acre feet (6.59 km3). This implies a reduction of
irrigation tunnels and a 1,000 MW power station.
The power station of Mangla dam consists of 10 units each
having capacity of 100 MW.
In order to remedy the storage capacity decreases, the
Pakistani government has decided to raise the dam by 40
feet (12 m), to 494 feet (151 m) high. This will increase the
reservoir capacity by 18% and provide an additional 120
MW(644 GWh) of power, but will displace 40,000 people
currently living near the reservoir.
The project was designed primarily to increase the amount
of water that could be used for irrigation from the flow of
the Jhelum
and its tributaries. Its secondary function was to generate electrical power from the irrigation
releases at the artificial head of the reservoir. The project was not designed as a flood control
structure, although some benefit in this respect also arises from its use for irrigation and water
supply. The Government of Pakistan had agreed to pay royalties to the Government of AJK
(Azad Jammu and Kashmir) for the use of the water and electricity generated by the dam. Over
280 villages and the towns of Mirpur and Dadyal were submerged and over 110,000 people were
displaced from the area as a result of the dam being built. Some of those affected by the dam
were given work permits for Britain by the Government of Pakistan, and as a result, in many
cities in the UK the majority of the 'Pakistani' community actually originated from the DadyalMirpur area of the disputed region of Jammu & Kashmir.

TARBELA DAM
The project is located at a narrow spot in the Indus River
valley, at Tarbela in swabi, shortly located at the point from
where the District Swabi starts. Here the river formerly split
around a large island close to the left bank. The main dam
wall, built of earth and rock fill, stretches 2,743 metres (8,999
ft) from the island to river right, standing 148 metres (486 ft)
high. A pair of concrete auxiliary dams spans the river from
the island to river left. Thespillways, located on the auxiliary
dams, in turn consist of two parts. The main spillway has a
discharge capacity of 18,406 cubic metres per second
(650,000 cu ft/s) and the auxiliary spillway, 24,070 cubic
metres per second
(850,000 cu ft/s). The outlet works are a group of four
tunnels that have been cut through the valley wall at river
right, for uses of hydropower generation and flow control.
These tunnels were originally used to divert the Indus River
while the dam was being constructed. A hydroelectric power
plant on the right side of the main dam houses 14 generators
fed with water from outlet tunnels 1, 2, and
3. There are four 175 MW generators on tunnel 1, six 175 MW
generators on tunnel 2, and four 432 MW generators on
tunnel 3, for a total generating capacity of 3,478 MW. Tarbela
Reservoir is 80.5 kilometres (50.0 mi) long, with a surface
area of 250 square kilometres (97 sq mi). The reservoir holds
11,600,000 acre feet (14.3 km3) of
water, with a live storage of 9,700,000 acre feet (12.0 km3). The catchment area upriver of the
Tarbela
Dam is spread over 168,000 square kilometres (65,000 sq mi) of land largely supplemented
by snow and glacier melt from the southern slopes of the Himalayas. There are two main
Indus River tributaries upstream of the Tarbela Dam. These are the Shyok River, joining
nearSkardu, and the Siran
River near Tarbela.

The Tarbela Dam is the second largest in terms of dam volume in the world

DIAMER BASHA DAM PROJECT

The project is located on Indus River, about 315 km upstream of
Tarbela Dam, 165 km downstream of the Gilgit-Baltistan capital
Gilgit and 40 km downstream of Chilas (refer location map). The
proposed dam would have a maximum height of 272 m, and
impound a reservoir of about 8.1million acre feet (MAF), with
live storage of more than 6.4 MAF. Mean annual discharge of
Indus River at the site is 50 MAF. Thus the dam will impound
15% of the annual river flow. The dam project would cover an
area of 110 km2 and extend 100 km upstream of the dam site upto
Raikot Bridge on Karakoram Highway (KKH).
The dam is located at the boundary of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB)
and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) in such a way that the right
abutment and the right Power House is in GB while the left
bank of the dam and the left Power House is in Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa.

KURRAM TANGI DAM MULTIPURPOSE PROJECT

LOCATION:
The proposed project site is located across Kurram river
in North Wazirstan Agency about 22 KM up-stream of
Kurram Garhi Head works and 32 KM North of Bannu
City in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
This project was conceived by WAPDA for a
multipurpose dam in North Waziristan on Kurram River
about 22 km upstream of Kurram Garhi Head works and
32 KM North of Bannu City in NWFP with
storage capacity of 1.20 MAF of water and power
generation of 83.4 MW. It will irrigate 362,380
Acres of land and will provide cheep hydropower to the
area being a positive impact on the socio
economic conditions in North Waziristan Agency.
USAID has shown willingness to fund this project.
SALIENT FEATURES:
Dam Height 322 ft
Gross Storage 1.20 MAF-1.48 BCM
Live Storage 0.90 MAF-1.11 BCM
Power Houses (5 Nos) 83.4 MW (350 GWh)
Command Area 3,62,380 ACRES (including new
area of 84,380 Acres)
Supplementing existing System of Civil &
Marwat Canals 277,500 Acres
PROJECT BENEFITS:
Irrigated Agriculture Development
Hydropower generation
Socio-economic uplift of the area.
Employment opportunities during the construction and maintenance of the Project.
Development of Fisheries.
PC-II COST :
Rs.125.60 Million

APPROVING AUTHORITY:
Approved by ECNEC on 25.02. 2005
PC-I COST:
Rs. 59 Billion
(Equivalent to US$ 700 Million)

MUNDA DAM
Munda Dam is an under-construction medium-size multi-purpose concrete-faced rock-filled dam
located on the Swat River approximately 37 km north of Peshawar and 5 km upstream of Munda
Headworks in the Mohmand Agency of Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA)
Upon completion, the dam will generate 740 MW of hydroelectricity, irrigate 15,100 acres of land
and control floods downstream. It is expected to provide numerous estimated annual benefits
including Rs.
4.98 billion in annual water storage benefits, Rs. 19.6 billion in power generation benefits by
generating
2.4 billion units of electricity annually and Rs. 79 million in annual flood mitigation benefits.
Munda Dam is also expected to protect Nowshera and Charsadda districts from seasonal floods
by storing peak flood water in its reservoir and releasing it in dry seasons. [6] In December 2010,
in the aftermath of the July 2010 floods in Pakistan, the Pakistan Supreme Court had constituted
a flood inquiry commission to investigate the damage caused by the July floods that engulfed the
country and caused unprecedented damage to life and property. In its report, the commission
noted that if the Munda Dam had been constructed, there would have been minimal damage
downstream in Charsadda, Peshawar and Nowshera districts and Munda Headworks.
The reservoir that will be created behind the dam would also provide recreational facilities and
promote fisheries.
The dam site is located at Latitude 3421'11.49"N and Longitude 7131'58.72"E.

SALIENT FEATURES:
DAM:
Type: Concrete-Faced Rock-Filled
Length: 2,500 ft (760 m)
Height: 698.82 ft (213.00 m)

RESERVOIR CAPACITY:
Gross: 1.290 MAF
Live: 0.676 MAF
Dead: 0.314 MAF
Flood: 0.081 MAF
POWER GENERATION:
Maximum Capacity: 740 MW

COMMAND AREA:
Total: 15,100 Acres

CONSTRUCTION:
Construction Period: 7 years

AKRA KAUR DAM

Akra kaur dam, sometimes also referred
to as ankara kaur dam, is located
near gawadar in balochistan, pakistan. The
dam was constructed in 1995 ]at a cost
of 18.46 million ] to supply water to
gawadar and adjoining villages. It is the
sole source of water supply to residents of
thegwadar
district area. The dam stretches over an
area of 17,000 acres (6,900 ha; 27 sq mi).
In 2005, torrential rain in the area caused an
overflow from the dam, inundating a
number of villages and claiming at least 20
lives. [4] in july 2012, reports emerged that

Location

Coordinates

Gawadar, Balochistan

252129N 621644ECoordinates:

252129N 621644E

Status

In use

Opening date

1995

Construction cost

18.46 million

Owner(s)

Government of Balochistan

the dam had dried up completely due to

large-scale siltation. This has
posed serious water supply challenges to local residents, including acute shortage of drinking water.

MIRANI DAM
Mirani Dam (Urdu: ) is a medium-size multi-purpose concrete-faced rock-filled dam
located on the Dasht River south of the Central Makran Range in Kech District in Balochistan
province of Pakistan. Its 302,000 acre feet (373,000,000 m3). reservoir is fed by the Kech River
and the Nihing River.
Mirani Dam was completed in July 2006 and it impounded the Dasht River in August 2006. It
successfully withstood an extreme flood event in June 2007.
The dam is used for irrigation of 33,200 acres in Kech Valley and for the supply of clean
drinking water to Turbat and Gwada
STRUCTURE AND PURPOSE :
Kech Valley consists of cultivable soil upon which agriculture activity could be carried out if a
constant water supply is ensured. The primary purpose of Mirani Dam was to store water from
the three rivers during the summer season and during floods so that water could be available for
irrigation purposes throughout the year in order to bring 33,200 acres of hitherto uncultivated
land in Kech Valley under cultivation. The secondary purpose of Mirani Dam is to ensure a
constant supply of clean drinking water to the towns of Turbat and Gwadar throughout the year.

SATPARA DAM
Satpara Dam is an under-construction medium-size multipurpose concrete-faced earth-filled dam located
downstream of the existing Satpara Lakeon the Satpara
Stream approximately 4 km from the town of Skardu in
Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.
Upon completion, the dam will enlarge the size of Satpara
Lake, generate 17.36 MW of hydroelectricity and supply
power to approximately 30,000 households in the Skardu
Valley, irrigate 15,536 acres (62.87 km2) of land and supply
3.1 million gallons per day drinking water to Skardu city.
Annual agricultural output in the Skardu Valley is expected
to increase more than four-fold, generating about 4.61
million in additional annual economic benefits to local
communities.
Construction of Satpara Dam commenced in April 2003 and
is scheduled for completion in November 2011. Power
House No. 1 was completed and came online on 6 October
2007 and Power House No. 2 was completed and came
online on 30 December 2008. On 7 January 2011, the
Government of Pakistan and
the United States Agency for International
Development (USAID) entered into an Enhanced
Partnership Agreement under which USAID agreed to
provide 20 million
for the construction of Power Houses Nos. 3 and 4 and completion of remaining works on the dam.

KHANPUR DAM
Khanpur Dam is a dam located on the Haro River near the
town of Khanpur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, about 25
miles (40 km) fromIslamabad, Pakistan. It supplies drinking
water to Islamabad and Rawalpindi and irrigation water to
many of the agricultural and industrial areas surrounding
the cities.
The dam was completed in 1983 after a 15-year
construction period believed to have cost Rs. 1,352 million.

RASUL BARRAGE

Rasul Barrage is a on the

in of
the province of It is situated 72 km downstream of
Rasul Barrage is used to control water flow in the for irrigation and flood control purposes.
Rasul Barrage was constructed in 1968 and has a discharge capacity of 24070 cubic meter per second[1]. Wate

MARALA HEADWORKS
Marala Headworks is a headworks situated on
the River Chenab near the city
of Sialkot in Punjab province of Pakistan.
Marala Headworks is a
large hydro engineering project and is used to control
water flow and flood control in the River Chenab.
Chenab is a 1,086 km (675 mi) long river which
originates in the Kulu and Kangra Districts
of Himachal Pradesh in India and is fed by the
tributaries Chandra and Bagha as it enters Jammu &
Kashmir near Kishtwar. After cutting across the Pir
Panjal range, it enters the Sialkot
District in Pakistanwhere the Marala Barrage was built
across the river in 1968 with a maximum discharge of
1.1 million ft/s (31,000 m/s). Two major water
channels originate at the Marala headworksthe
Marala-Ravi Link Canal and the Upper Chenab Canal.
Proposals are under consideration to build Mangla
Marala Link Canal to overcome any shortage of water
in future.

Head Marala is also a picnic spot, wildlife sanctuary

and unprotected wetland. Many people come here and
enjoy the landscape and natural beauty.

CHASHMA BARRAGE
Chashma Barrage is a barrage on
the RiverIndus in Mianwali District of the Punjab province
of Pakistan. It was built in 1971.
Chashma Barrage is used for irrigation and flood control.
A Ramsar site is located nearby.
Length between abutments

3556 ft.

Total Bays

52 Nos.

Standard Bays

41 Nos.

Undersluce Bays

11 Nos.

Normal Pond Level

642 ft.

Maximum Storage Level

649 ft.

Maximum Flood Discharge

950000 Cs.

Maximum Intensity of Discharge

300Cs. Per ft.

Width of Carriage Way

24 ft.

Length of Navigation Lock

155 ft.

Width of Navigation Lock

30 ft.

Area of Reservoir

139 Sqm.

Initial Capacity

0.87 MAF

Contract Price

Rs.399 Million

Date Commencement

10 February, 1967

Date of Completion

25 March, 1971

Contractor

Societe Dumes Enterprises Borie

Consulting Engineer
Updated as on

COODE & Partner London

23 June 2011

th

th

SIMLY DAM
Simly Dam is an 80m high earthen embankment dam on
the Soan River, 30 km east of Islamabad and
Rawalpindi.[1] It is the largest reservoir of drinking
water to people living
in Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. The water stored
in this dam is fed by the melting snow & natural springs
of Murree hills. Simly Dam is located around 30kilometer (19 mi) east of Islamabad. About 10 to 15
minutes drive from Convention Center Islamabad
towards Murree,a road is branching off to the right
which is marked Simly Dam Road. Usually, it takes
around 30 minutes to reach Simly Dam from this road.
The road is not very smooth and has bumps but
thesurroundings are beautiful (till April 2008).

LAWI HYDROPOWER PROJECT

LOCATION:
The project area is located on the right bank of Shishi River,
a left tributary of Chitral River.The project involves
The Project is
diversion of Shishi River into Chitral River.
about
350 km fromIslamabad.

SALIENT FEATURES
Installed capacity (mw) :
Gross head (m) :
3
Design discharge( m /sec) :
Mean annual energy (mil. Kwh)
No. & type of turbine :
Estimated project cost (milus$) :
implementation period (years) :

70
413
20
303
3 (pelton)
120
4

KALA BAGH DAM

The Kalabagh dam is a proposed hydroelectric dam on the Indus River at Kalabagh in Mianwali
District of the Punjab province in Pakistan. The project has been highly debated and deemed a necessity
since its inception.
The actual purpose of the Kalabagh Dam is to irrigate the nearly two million acres that belong to retired
army generals, said Sindh Minister for Culture Sassui Palijo while defending the provinces stance on the
controversial dam

SALIENT FEATURES:
THE MAIN RESERVOIR OF THE DAM
Total Storage 7.9 MAF (9,750 million cu m)
Usable Storage6.1 MAF(7,550 million cu m)
Dead Storage1.8 MAF( 2,200 million cu m)
Retention Level El.915-ft above MSL(278.9 m)Min
Reservoir Level El.825ft above MSL(251.5 m)
Area at Retention Level 105,000 acres ; (164 sq.m=425 sq. km)

MAINDAM

Crest Elevation 940-ft above MSL(286.5 m)

Crest WidthEl. 50 ft (15.2 m)
Max Height 260 ft (79.2)
LengthLength (overall)4375 ft11000 ft 3350 m
CATCHMENT AREA OF THEDAM
110,500 sq. miles
PROJECT COST
Based on Cost at June 1987 US $ 2.65 billion
Present Estimated Cost
6.17-10 billion
ORIFICE SPILLWAY
Sill leve
785 ft (239.3m) SPD10
lNo and size of radial gates No. 38 ft (11.6 m) wx 22 ft
IRRIGATIONBENEFITS
Increase in future annual irrigation supplies(Average) 4.5 MAF (5.500 million Cum