CH 5 Simple Mechanisms
CH 5 Simple Mechanisms
CH 5 Simple Mechanisms
Chapter 5
Simple
Mechanisms
1
3.
Structure
in a structure no energy is
transformed into useful work
a
case
of
incompletely
constrained motion.
If load is placed on shaft to
prevent axial upward movement
of shaft, then motion of pair is said
to be successfully constrained
motion.
Motion of piston reciprocating
inside an engine cylinder.
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2.
3.
Sliding pair
Turning pair
Rolling pair
Screw pair
Spherical pair
Lower pair
Higher pair
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Sliding pair.
one
b.
Turning pair.
one
link.
A turning pair has a completely constrained motion.
Examples:
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Rolling pair.
d.
Screw pair.
e.
Spherical pair.
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Lower pair.
b.
Higher pair.
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b.
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A kinematic chain:
Example:
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six links
three binary joints at A, B & D
two ternary joints at C & E
One ternary joint is equivalent to
two binary joints
Equivalent binary joints = 3 + 2
2=7
l = 6 and j = 7
kinematic chain or
constrained chain
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number of binary
joints are 1 + 2 6 = 13
Since
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5.11. Mechanism
When
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number of links
number and types of joints
Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE
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Fig. 5.17 (a): three links, two binary joints and one higher pair, i.e. l = 3,
j = 2 and h = 1.
Fig. 5.17 (b): four links, three binary joints and one higher pair, i.e. l = 4, j
= 3 and h = 1
Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE
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fixed link at A
link AC
link CE
link BFD.
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Used
to
convert
reciprocating motion
into rotary motion.
Link 3 forming the
turning pair is fixed.
When crank (link 2)
rotates, the piston
attached to piston
rod
(link
1)
reciprocates
and
cylinder
(link
4)
oscillates about a pin
pivoted to the fixed
link at A.
Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE
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It consists of seven
cylinders in one
plane
and
all
revolves
about
fixed center D,
while crank (link 2)
is fixed.
when connecting
rod (link 4) rotates,
piston
(link
3)
reciprocates
inside
the
cylinders forming
link 1.
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AP1
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When
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Example 5.1
A crank and slotted lever
mechanism used in a shaper
has a center distance of 300
mm between the center of
oscillation of the slotted lever
and the center of rotation of
the crank. The radius of the
crank is 120 mm. Find the ratio
of the time of cutting to the
time of return stroke.
Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE
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Example 5.2
In a crank and slotted lever quick return motion
mechanism, distance between the fixed
centers is 240 mm and the length of driving
crank is 120 mm. Find the inclination of the
slotted bar with the vertical in the extreme
position and the time ratio of cutting stroke to
the return stroke.
If the length of the slotted bar is 450 mm, find
the length of the stroke if the line of stroke
passes through the extreme positions of the free
end of the lever.
Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE
Example 5.2
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Example 5.3
Fig. 5.30 shows the layout of a
quick return mechanism of
oscillating link type, for a special
purpose machine. The driving
crank BC is 30 mm long and time
ratio of the working stroke to the
return stroke is to be 1.7. If the
length of the working stroke of R
is 120 mm, determine the
dimensions of AC and AP.
Dr. Mohammad Suliman Abuhaiba, PE
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Example 5.3
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Example 5.4
In a Whitworth quick return motion mechanism, Fig.
5.32, distance between the fixed centers is 50 mm and
length of driving crank is 75 mm. The length of slotted
lever is 150 mm and length of connecting rod is 135
mm. Find the ratio of time of cutting stroke to time of
return stroke and also the effective stroke.
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Example 5.4
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Homework
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