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  • Mechanical Vibrations: Fall 2016

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    muhammad nabeel hussian
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    This document summarizes a lecture on modal analysis for multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) mechanical vibration systems. Modal analysis allows the equations of motion for a MDOF system to be decoupled by transforming to modal coordinates using the modal matrix. The modal matrix simultaneously diagonalizes the mass and stiffness matrices, resulting in uncoupled differential equations that can each be solved independently for the time evolution of the system. Forced responses of undamped and damped MDOF systems can be analyzed using this modal analysis approach.

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    This document summarizes a lecture on modal analysis for multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) mechanical vibration systems. Modal analysis allows the equations of motion for a MDOF system to be decoupled by transforming to modal coordinates using the modal matrix. The modal matrix simultaneously diagonalizes the mass and stiffness matrices, resulting in uncoupled differential equations that can each be solved independently for the time evolution of the system. Forced responses of undamped and damped MDOF systems can be analyzed using this modal analysis approach.

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    11 views8 pages

    Mechanical Vibrations: Fall 2016

    Uploaded by

    muhammad nabeel hussian
    This document summarizes a lecture on modal analysis for multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) mechanical vibration systems. Modal analysis allows the equations of motion for a MDOF system to be decoupled by transforming to modal coordinates using the modal matrix. The modal matrix simultaneously diagonalizes the mass and stiffness matrices, resulting in uncoupled differential equations that can each be solved independently for the time evolution of the system. Forced responses of undamped and damped MDOF systems can be analyzed using this modal analysis approach.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 8

    ME-475

    Mechanical Vibrations
    Fall 2016

    Department of Mechanical Engineering


    University of Engineering and Technology Lahore

    Lecture 22

    Last Time:

    Matrix Algebra
    Matrix algebra techniques on 2dof systems
    Decoupling of equations of motion

    Today:

    Modal analysis

    [New Topic]

    Modal Analysis
    Finding the time evolution of a MDOF system is simple because it relies on
    a powerful method: modal analysis

    At cornerstone of modal analysis are two properties of the modal matrix [u]:

    Modal matrix is nonsingular


    Modal matrix simultaneously diagonalizes the [m] and [k] matrices

    Recall the equation of motion, in matrix-vector form:

    Also recall that modal matrix [u] is obtained based on the eigenvectors
    (modal vectors) associated with the matrix [m]-1[k]
    3

    [Cntd]

    Modal Analysis

    Important consequence of nonsingularity of the modal matrix [u]:

    Since [u] is nonsingular, any vector {x} you give me, I can find a vector {q}
    such that [u]{q}={x}

    Another key observation: since {x} is a function of time (changes in


    time), so will {q}:

    The nice thing is that [u] is constant. Therefore,

    [Cntd]

    Modal Analysis

    [Context: Forced Undamped Response]

    Lets look now at the forced vibration response, the undamped case:

    Generalized force,
    definition:
    5

    [Cntd]

    Modal Analysis

    [in the Context of Undamped Response]

    This modal analysis thing is nothing more than just a decoupling of the
    equations of motion
    Please keep in mind how you choose the initial conditions:

    MDOF Forced Response of Damped


    Systems

    General form of EOMs for MDOF m-c-k type linear system:

    The novelty here is the presence of [c] in the above equation

    Two basic approaches to solve this problem

    Go after the simultaneous solution of coupled differential equations of motion


    using numerical methods
    Use modal-analysis method

    This involves the solution of a set of uncoupled differential equations

    How many of them? As many DOFs you have

    Each equation is basically like the EOM of a single degree of freedom system and
    thus is easily solved as such

    [Cntd]

    MDOF Forced Response of Damped


    Systems
    Will our diagonalization process work on the damping matrix? No!
    In reality, damping matrix is hard to calculate, damping matrix is modeled
    as combination of mass ([m]) and stiffness ([k]) matrices

    Therefore equation becomes:

    Now the equation above is diagonalizable

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