Unit

II
Modu
le 5

Systems of Linear Equations in Two

Variables and their Graphs

Lesso
nI

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ARLYN P. TUDELA
Teacher III
Kapatagan National High School

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Certified by:
MALA EPRA B MAGNAONG
Regional EPS- OHSP

Adapted from Mathematics

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Module 5: Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables

A. Learning Outcomes
Content Standard:
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of systems of linear
equations in two variables.
Performance Standard:
The learner is able to formulate real-life problems involving systems of linear
equations in two variables and solve these with utmost accuracy using a variety of
strategies.
In these lessons, you will learn to:
a. Describe systems of linear equations
b. Graph systems of linear equations in two variable
c. Identify which systems of linear equations have graphs that are parallel, intersecting, and
coinciding.
d. Determine the types of systems of linear equations.

Introduction
What to Know
Start Lesson 1 of this module by assessing your knowledge of the different
mathematics concepts previously studied and your skills in performing mathematical
operations. These knowledge and skills may help you in understanding Systems of
Linear Equations in Two Variables and their Graphs. As you go through this lesson,
think of the following important question: How is the system of linear equations in
two variables used in solving real-life problems and in making decisions? To find the
answer, perform each activity. If you find any difficulty in answering the exercises,
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seek the assistance of your teacher or peers or refer to the modules you have gone
over earlier. refer to the answer key provided at the end of this module.

Pre- Assessment
Part I: Find out how much you already know about this module. Choose the letter
that you think best answers the question. Please answer all items. Take note of the
items that you were not able to answer correctly and find the right answer as you go
through this module.
1. Which of the following is a system of linear equations in two variables?
a. 2x 7y = 8
c. x + 9y = 22x 3y > 12
b. 3x + 5y = -2x 4y = 9
d. 4x + 1 = 83y 7 = 11
2. What point is the intersection of the graphs of the lines x + y = 8 and 2x y = 1?
a. (1, 8)
b. (3, 5)
c. (5, 3)
d. (2, 6)

3. Which of the following graphs of a system of linear equalities in two variables has
no solution?

a.

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b.

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c.

d.

4. Which of the following shows the graph of the system x + y =2

xy=8?

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d.

5. How many solutions does a consistent and independent system of linear equations have?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. Infinite
6. Which system of equations has a graph that shows intersecting lines?
a. 2x + 4y = 14 x + 2y = 7
c. 4x + 8y = 7x + 2y = 3
b. -3x + y = 5 6x 2y = 1
d. 3x + y = 103x y = 5
7. Luisa says that the system 3x + y = 2 2y = 15 6x has no solution. Which of the following reasons
would support her statement?
I. The graph of the system of equations shows parallel lines.
II. The graph of the system of equations shows intersecting lines.
III. The two lines as described by the equations in the system have the same slope.
a. I and II

b. I and III

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c. II and III

d. I, II, and III

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8. The Senior Citizens Club of a certain municipality is raising funds by selling used clothes and shoes.
Mrs. Labrador, a member of the club, was assigned to determine how many used clothes and shoes were
sold after knowing the important information needed. She was asked further to present to the club how she
came up with the result using graph. Which of the following graphs could Mrs. Labrador present?

d.

9. Which of the following ordered pairs satisfy both 2x + 7y = 5 and 3x y =2?

a. (0, 0)
b. (10, -1)
c. (-4, 6)
d. (-2, -8)

10. Which system of equations has a graph that shows parallel lines?
a. 2x + 4y = 14 & x + 2y = 1
c. 4x + 8y = 7 & x + 2y = 3
b. -3x + y = 5 & 6x 2y = 1
d. 3x + y = 10 & 3x y = 5

Review on Graphing Linear Equations

Linear Equations can be

graphed
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1. using table of Mathematics
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2. using x and y intercepts
3. using slope intercept form

Below are examples on the different methods of graphing linear equations.

Using table of values
Example 1. y = x-2
To find the value of y simply substitute the given values of x to the equation, any
values will do since x is our independent variable but then lets assign smaller values
of x.
Y=x2
First value of x ; X=-1
Solution:
x
-1
0
1
Y=x -2
Y=-1 -2
y
-3
-2
-1
Y=-3
Second value of x=0
Y=x -2
Y=0 -2
Y=-2
Third value of x=1
Y=x -2
Y=1 -2
Y=-1
Plot the three points on the coordinate system and connect (-1,-3), (0,-2), (1,-1)

The graph of the linear equation is presented above.

Using x and y intercepts
Example 1. y = x-2
To solve for x- intercept let y=0
Solution:
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Y=x-2
0=x-2
X= 2
To solve for y-intercept let x=0
Y=x-2
Y=0-2
Y= -2
Plot the obtained intercepts; (2,0), (0,-2)

Using slope-intercept form y=mx + b , slope(m)=rise/run, y-intercept

Example 1. y = x-2
Solution:
m= 1 = rise=1 /run=1
b=-2 or (0 ,-2)

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Now its your turn to perform

activity 1

Activity 1
Directions: Show the graph of each of the following linear equations in a
Cartesian coordinate plane. Use any method which you prefer.

1. y = 2x + 3

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2. 3x y = 2

Graphing linear equation in

two variables can be graphed using x
and y-intercept, slope intercept or table
of values and its graph form a line.

Adapted from Mathematics

Mathematics Teaching Guide

Algebra

Were you able to draw and describe the

graphs of linear equations in two variables?
Suppose you draw the graphs of two linear
equations in the same coordinate plane. How
would the graphs of these equations look like?
Youll find that out when you do the next activity.

In doing activity 2 just do the

same
like
graphing
linear
equations but graph it in one
Cartesian plane

Activity 2
Directions: Show the graph of each pair of linear equations below using the same Cartesian plane
then answer the questions that follow.

1. 3x + y = 5 and 2x + y = 9

2. 3x y = 4 and y = 3x +

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3. x + 3y = 6 and 2x + 6y = 12

A . How would you describe the graphs of 3x + y = 5

and 2x + y = 9?
How about 3x y = 4 and y = 3x + 2? x + 3y = 6 and 2x + 6y
= 12?

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b.
Which
pair
of
equations
has
graphs
that
are
Learners Module G-8
intersecting?
Howdel
many
points of intersection do the Mathematics
graphs
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have?
What are the coordinates of their point(s) of
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c. Which pair of equations has graphs that are not
intersecting? Why? How do you describe these equations?

Each pair of linear equations

forms a system of equations. The
point of intersection of the
graphs of two linear equations is
the solution of the system. How
many solutions does each pair of
To answer
these questions,
equations
have?

do
activity below based on your
graph.

Activity 3
Number of solutions
1) 3x + y = 5 and 2x + y = 9
2) 3x y = 4 and y = 3x + 2
3) x + 3y = 6 and 2x + 6y = 12

FIRM-UP
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The solution of a system of linear equations can be determined algebraically or

graphically. To find the solution graphically, graph both equations on a Cartesian plane
then find the point of intersection of the graphs, if it exists. The solution to a system of
linear equations corresponds to the coordinates of the points of intersection of the
graphs of the equations.
A system of linear equations has:
a. only one solution if their graphs intersect.
b. no solution if their graphs do not intersect.
c. infinitely many solutions if their graphs coincide.

There are three kinds of systems of linear equations in two variables according to the
number of solutions. These are:
1. System of consistent and dependent equations
This is a system of linear equations having infinitely many solutions. The slopes of the
lines defined by the equations are equal, their y-intercepts are also equal, and their
graphs coincide.
Example: The system of equations x y = 5 2x 2y = 10 is consistent and
dependent. The slopes of their lines are equal, their y-intercepts are also equal, and
their graphs coincide.

2. System of consistent and independent equations

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This is a system of linear equations having exactly one solution. The slopes of the lines
defined by the equations are not equal; their y-intercepts could be equal or unequal;
and their graphs intersect.
Example: The system of equations 2x + y = 5 3x y = 9 is consistent and
independent. The slopes of their lines are not equal, their y-intercepts could be equal
or unequal, and their graphs intersect.

3. System of inconsistent equations

This is a system of linear equations having no solution. The slopes of the lines defined
by the equations are equal or have no slopes, their y-intercepts are not equal; and
their graphs are parallel.
Example: The system of equations 2x + y = -6 2x + y = 10 is inconsistent. The
slopes of their lines are equal.

Based on your previous knowledge

identify the slope and y-intercept each
system of linear equations, so do activity 4
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Activity 4.
What is the slope and the y-intercept of each line in the given pair of
equations?
1) 3x + y = 5;
2x + y = 9;

slope =

y-intercept =

slope =

y-intercept =

slope =

y-intercept =

slope =

y-intercept =

3) x + 3y = 6;

slope =

y-intercept =

2x + 6y = 12;

slope =

2) 3x y = 4;
y = 3x + 2;

y-intercept =

Your goal in this section is to apply the key concepts of systems of linear
equations in two variables and their graphs. Use the mathematical ideas and the
examples presented in the preceding section to answer the activities provided.

CONSISTENT OR INCONSISTENT?
Activity 5
Directions: Determine whether each system of linear equations is consistent and
dependent, consistent and independent, or inconsistent. ( you may graph or identify
its slope )
1. 2x y = 7
3x y = 5
2. 2x + y = -3
2x + y = 6
3. x 2y = 9
2x 4y = 18
4. 8x + 2y = 7
y = -4y + 1
5. -3x + y = 10
4x + y = 7

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6. x 2y = 9
x + 3y = 14
7. 6x 2y = 8
y = 3x 4
8. x + 3y = 8
x 3y = 8
9. 2y = 6x 5
3y = 9x + 1
10. 3x + 5y = 15
4x 7y = 10
Adapted from Mathematics
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Remember that in identifying system of equations that are consistentdependent lines will coincides. consistent-independent - lines intersect
at exactly one point and lastly inconsistent- produces to parallel lines or
lines do not intersect.

Now, were you able to determine which

system of linear equations in two
variables is consistent and dependent,
consistent
and
independent,
or
inconsistent? In the next activity, you will
describe the solution set of system of
linear equations in two variables through
its graph.

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HOW DO I LOOK?
Activity 6
Directions: Describe each system of linear equations as shown by the following
graphs. Answer the questions that follow.

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3.

4.

a. How many solution/s does each graph of system of linear equations have?
1._____________
2._____________
3._____________
4._____________
b. Which graph shows that the system of linear equations is consistent and
dependent? consistent and independent? inconsistent?
1.______________
2.______________
3.______________
4.______________

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c. When do you say that the system of linear equations as described by the
graph is consistent and dependent? consistent and independent?
inconsistent?

d. Draw graphs of systems of linear equations that are consistent and

dependent, consistent and independent, and inconsistent. Describe each
graph.

DESCRIBE MY
SOLUTIONS!

Activity 7
Directions: Graph each of the following systems of linear equations in two variables on the
Cartesian coordinate plane. Describe the solution set of each system based on the graph
drawn.

1. x + y = 8
x + y = -3
2. 3x y = 7
x + 3y = -4
4. x 2y = 12
6x + 3y = -9

3. x + 3y = 9
2x + 6y = 18

5. 3x + y = -6
3x+y=4

Lets
Check
Understanding

Your

Activity 8;
Tell whether the system is
A. Consistent and Independent
B. Consistent and Dependent
C. Inconsistent

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1._________________

3.________________

2._______________

4._________________

5._________________

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6.________________

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7._________________

8._______________-

P0st- Assessment
Part I: Find out how much you already know about this module. Choose the letter
that you think best answers the question. Please answer all items
1. Which of the following is a system of linear equations in two variables?
a. 2y 7y = 8
c. x + 9y = 22x 3y > 12
b. 3x + 5 = -2x 4 = 9
d. 4x + 1 = 8 3y 7 = 11
2. What point is the intersection of the graphs of the lines x + y = 8 and 2x y = 1?
a. (1, 8)
b. (3, 5)
c. (5, 3)
d. (2, 6)
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3. Which of the following graphs of a system of linear equalities in two variables has no
solution?

a.

c.

b.

d.

4. Which of the following shows the graph of the system x + y =2

xy=8?

a
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b
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d.

5. How many solutions does a consistent and independent system of linear equations have?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. Infinite
6. Which system of equations has a graph that shows intersecting lines?
a. 2x + 4y = 14 x + 2y = 7
c. 4x + 8y = 7
x + 2y = 3
b. -3x + y = 5 6x 2y = 1
d. 3x + y = 10
3x y = 5
7. Luisa says that the system 3x + y = 2 2y = 15 6x has no solution. Which of the following reasons
would support her statement?
I. The graph of the system of equations shows parallel lines.
II. The graph of the system of equations shows intersecting lines.
III. The two lines as described by the equations in the system have the same slope.
a. I and II

b. I and III

c. II and III

d. I, II, and III

8. The Senior Citizens Club of a certain municipality is raising funds by selling used clothes and shoes.
Mrs. Labrador, a member of the club, was assigned to determine how many used clothes and shoes were
sold after knowing the important information needed. She was asked further to present to the club how she
came up with the result using graph. Which of the following graphs could Mrs. Labrador present?

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d.

9. Which of the following ordered pairs satisfy both 2x + y = 6 and 3x y =-1?

a. (0, 0)
b. (10, -1)
c. (1, 4)
d. (-2, -8)

10. Which system of equations has a graph that shows parallel lines?
a. 2x + 4y = 14 & x + 2y = 1
c. 4x + 8y = 7 & x + 2y = 28
b. -x + y = 5 & 6x 2y = 1
d. 3x + y = 10 & 3x y = 5

SUMMARY/SYNTHESIS/GENERALIZATION:
This lesson was about systems of linear equations in two variables and their graphs. The lesson
provided you opportunities to describe systems of linear equations and their solution sets using practical
situations, mathematical expressions, and their graphs. You identified and described systems of linear
equations whose graphs are parallel, intersecting, or coinciding. Moreover, you were given the chance to
draw and describe the graphs of systems of linear equations in two variables and to demonstrate your
understanding of the lesson by doing a practical task. Your understanding of this lesson and other
previously learned mathematics concepts and principles will facilitate your learning of the next lesson,
Solving Systems of Linear Equations Graphically and Algebraically.

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Glossary of Terms:
1. Solution to a system of linear equations - This corresponds to the coordinates
of the points of intersection of the graphs of the equations.
2. Substitution Method This is an algebraic method of solving systems of linear
equations. In this method, the expression equivalent to one variable in one equation is
substituted to the other equation to solve for the other variable.
3. System of consistent and dependent equations This is a system of linear
equations having infinitely many solutions. The slopes of the lines defined by the
equations are equal, their y-intercepts are also equal, and their graphs coincide.
4. System of consistent and independent equations This is a system of linear
equations having exactly one solution. The slopes of the lines defined by the
equations are not equal, their y-intercepts could be equal or unequal, and their graphs
intersect at exactly one point.
5. Intersecting lines- lines that meet
6. System of inconsistent equations
This is a system of linear equations having no solution. The slopes of the lines defined
by the equations are equal or have no slopes, their y-intercepts are not equal; and
their graphs are parallel

Key Answer:
Pre- assessment.
1.d
2. B
Activity 1
1. y = 2x + 3

3. C

4. B

5. B

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6. D

7. A

8. D

9. C

10. A

2. 3x y = 2

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Activity 2
1. 3x + y = 5 and 2x + y = 9

2. 3x y = 4 and y = 3x +

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3. x + 3y = 6 and 2x + 6y = 12

Activity 3

1) 3x + y = 5 and 2x + y = 9

Answer:_______one __________

2) 3x y = 4 and y = 3x + 2

Answer:________none_________

3) x + 3y = 6 and 2x + 6y = 12
(coincides)_________

Answer:________many

Activity 4.
1) 3x + y = 5;
2x + y = 9;
2) 3x y = 4;

slope = -3
slope = -2

y-intercept = 9

slope = 3

y-intercept = 4

y = 3x + 2; slope = 3
3) x + 3y = 6;

y-intercept = 5

slope = -1/3

2x + 6y = 12; slope =-1/3

y-intercept = 2
y-intercept = 2
y-intercept = 2

Activity 5
1. consistent-independent
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2. inconsistent
3. consistent -dependent
4. inconsistent
5. consistent-independent
6. consistent-independent
7. consistent -dependent
8. consistent-independent
9. inconsistent
10 . consistent-independent
Activity 6

a. How many solution/s does each graph of system of linear equations have?
1.______one_______
2.______infinite /many_______
3._______none______
4.________one_____
b. Which graph shows that the system of linear equations is consistent and
dependent? consistent and independent? inconsistent?
1.__ consistent -independent
2.__ consistent - dependent
3.__ inconsistent _______
4._____ consistent -independent
c. When do you say that the system of linear equations as described by the graph is
consistent and dependent? consistent and independent? inconsistent?
d. Draw graphs of systems of linear equations that are consistent and dependent,
consistent and independent, and inconsistent. Describe each graph.

Activity 7
Directions: Graph each of the following systems of linear equations in two variables on the
Cartesian coordinate plane. Describe the solution set of each system based on the graph
drawn.
1. x + y = 8
x + y = -3

2. 3x y = 7
x + 3y = -4
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3. x + 3y = 9
2x + 6y = 18

4. x 2y = 12
6x + 3y = -9

5. 3x + y = -6
3x + y = 4

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Activity 8;
1.inconsistent
2. Consistent -dependent
3. Consistent and Independent
4. Consistent and Independent
5. Consistent -dependent
6. Consistent and Independent
7. inconsistent
8. Consistent -dependent
Post -assessment
1.d
2. B

3. C

4. B

5. B

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6. D

7. A

8. D

9. C

10. A

Adapted from Mathematics

Mathematics Teaching Guide
Algebra

REFERENCES AND WEBSITE LINKS USED IN THIS MODULE:

-Mathematics learners module Grade 8
-Mathematics Teaching Guide Grade 8
1. Bernabe, Julieta G. and Cecile M. De Leon. Alementary Agebra, Textbook for First Year, JTW
Corporation, Quezon City, 2002.
2. Coxford, Arthur F. and Joseph N. Payne. HBJ Algebra I, Second Edition, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich,
Publishers, Orlando, Florida, 1990.
3. Fair, Jan and Sadie C. Bragg. Prentice Hall Algebra I, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey,
1991.
4. Gantert, Ann Xavier. Algebra 2 and Trigonometry. AMSCO School Publications, Inc., 2009.
Modified and Repackaged by:
Learners Module G-8
ARLYN P. TUDELA-KNHS Lanao del Norte
G-8, Intermediate 09177167874
II,Worktext in Intermediate Algebra II

Adapted from Mathematics

Mathematics Teaching Guide
Algebra

5. Gantert, Ann Xavier. AMSCOs Integrated Algebra I, AMSCO School Publications, Inc., New York, 2007.
6. Larson, Ron, Laurie Boswell, Timothy D. Kanold, and Lee Stiff. Algebra 1, Applications, Equations, and
Graphs. McDougal Littell, A Houghton Mifflin Company, Illinois, 2004.
7. Larson, Ron, Laurie Boswell, Timothy D. Kanold, and Lee Stiff. Algebra 2, Applications,
Equations, and Graphs. McDougal Littell, A Houghton Mifflin Company, Illinois, 2008.
8.Savannah Steele. (2008). Algebra I Resources: Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities. Retrieved
December 11, 2012, from https://sites.google.com/site/savannaholive/mathed-308/algebra1
9. Tutorvista.com. (2010). Graphing Linear Equations in Two Variables. Retrieved December
11, 2012, from http://math.tutorvista.com/algebra/equations-and-inequalities.
10Education.com, Inc. (2012). Graphing Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities Practice Questions.
Retrieved December 11, 2012, from http://www.education.com/study-help/article/graphing-systems-linearequations-inequalities1/
11 Education.com, Inc. (2012). Solving Systems of Equations and Inequalities Help. Retrieved December
11, 2012, from http://www.education.com/study- tackling- help/article/systems-equations-inequalities/
12. Flat World Knowledge. New Charter University. (2012). Elementary Algebra Chapter 4.
Flat World Knowledge. New Charter University. (2012). Elementary Algebra Chapter 4. Solving Systems of
Linear Inequalities (Two Variables). Retrieved December 11, 2012, from https://new.edu/resources/solvingsystems-of-linear-inequalities-two-variables
13. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. (2008). Algebra I: Systems of Lienar Equations and
Inequalities.
Retrieved
December
11,
2012,
from
http://www.classzone.com/books/algebra_1/page_build.cfm?id=none&ch=7
14. KGsePG. (2010). Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities. Retrieved December 11, 2012, from
http://www.kgsepg.com/project-id/6653-systems-linear-equations-and-inequalities
Ledwith, Jennifer. About.com. (2012). Systems of Linear Equations Worksheets. Retrieved
December 11, 2012, from
http://math.about.com/od/algebra1help/a/System_of_Equations_Worksheets.htm
Stape, Elizabeth. (2012). Systems of Linear Inequalities. Retrieved December 11, 2012, from
http://www.purplemath.com/modules/syslneq.htm
15. Steele, Savannah. Brigham Young University (2008). Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities.
Retrieved December 11, 2012, from https://sites.google.com/site/savannaholive/mathed-308/algebra1
16. SOPHIA Learning, LLC. (2012) Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities Pathway. Retrieved
December 11, 2012, from http://www.sophia.org/systems-of-linear-equations-and-inequalities--2-pathway
17. Tutorvista.com. (2010). Graphing Linear Equations in Two Variables. Retrieved December 11, 2012,
from http://math.tutorvista.com/algebra/equations-and-inequalities.html#
18www.mathwarehouse.com. Systems of Linear Equations. Retrieved December 11, 2012,
from http://www.mathwarehouse.com/algebra/linear_equation/systems-of-equation/index.

Modified and Repackaged by:

Learners Module G-8
ARLYN P. TUDELA-KNHS Lanao del Norte
G-8, Intermediate 09177167874
II,Worktext in Intermediate Algebra II

Adapted from Mathematics

Mathematics Teaching Guide
Algebra

Modified and Repackaged by:

Learners Module G-8
ARLYN P. TUDELA-KNHS Lanao del Norte
G-8, Intermediate 09177167874
II,Worktext in Intermediate Algebra II

Adapted from Mathematics

Mathematics Teaching Guide
Algebra