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    Ash Handling Plant

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    sekhar_ntpc
    The document provides information about ash handling systems. It describes how ash handling refers to the collection, conveying, storage and loading of ash residues from solid fuel combustion. Ash residues include bottom ash, fly ash and clinkers. Ash handling systems use pneumatic or mechanical conveying to transport ash from collection points to storage silos. The document provides details about the components involved in vacuum pneumatic, pressure pneumatic and combination systems.

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    Ash Handling Plant

    Uploaded by

    sekhar_ntpc
    174 views24 pages
    The document provides information about ash handling systems. It describes how ash handling refers to the collection, conveying, storage and loading of ash residues from solid fuel combustion. Ash residues include bottom ash, fly ash and clinkers. Ash handling systems use pneumatic or mechanical conveying to transport ash from collection points to storage silos. The document provides details about the components involved in vacuum pneumatic, pressure pneumatic and combination systems.

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    The document provides information about ash handling systems. It describes how ash handling refers to the collection, conveying, storage and loading of ash residues from solid fuel combustion. Ash residues include bottom ash, fly ash and clinkers. Ash handling systems use pneumatic or mechanical conveying to transport ash from collection points to storage silos. The document provides details about the components involved in vacuum pneumatic, pressure pneumatic and combination systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    174 views24 pages

    Ash Handling Plant

    Uploaded by

    sekhar_ntpc
    The document provides information about ash handling systems. It describes how ash handling refers to the collection, conveying, storage and loading of ash residues from solid fuel combustion. Ash residues include bottom ash, fly ash and clinkers. Ash handling systems use pneumatic or mechanical conveying to transport ash from collection points to storage silos. The document provides details about the components involved in vacuum pneumatic, pressure pneumatic and combination systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    ASH HANDLING PLANT

    What is Ash Handling?


    Ash handling refers to the method of collection, conveying, interim storage and load out of
    various types of ash residue left over from solid fuel combustion processes.
    The most common types of ash include bottom ash, bed ash, fly ash and ash clinkers resulting
    from the combustion of coal, wood and other solid fuels.
    Ash handling systems may employ pneumatic ash conveying or mechanical ash conveyors.
    A typical pneumatic ash handling system will employ vacuum pneumatic ash collection and ash
    conveying from several ash pick up stations-with delivery to an ash storage silo for interim
    holding prior to load out and transport. Pressurized pneumatic ash conveying may also be
    employed.
    Coarse ash material such as bottom ash is most often crushed in clinker grinders (crushers) prior
    to being transported in the ash conveyor system.
    Very finely sized fly ash often accounts for the major portion of the material conveyed in an ash
    handling system. It is collected from Baghouse type dust collectors, electrostatic precipitators
    and other apparatus in the flue gas processing stream.
    Ash mixers (conditioners) and dry dustless telescopic devices are used to prepare ash for transfer
    from the ash storage silo to transport vehicles.

    ASH HANDLING CAPABILITIES


    Diverse range of applications
    Founded in 1933, National Conveyors Company has been furnishing
    ash handling systems for over 7 decades. Their diverse range of
    customers includes:

    Utility Generators
    Industrial Power Plants

    Independent Power Producers

    Cogeneration Plants

    Institutional Power Plants

    Waste to Energy Producers

    Steam Heating Plants

    Process Steam Plants

    Many fuels and furnace designs


    Most of the Ash Handling Systems are used today at plants fired with the following fuels:

    Bituminous Coal
    Anthracite Coal

    Lignite

    Culm (gob)

    Sub-Bituminous Coal

    Bagasse

    Wood

    Oil

    RDF

    Tires

    Mixed Fuels

    Coke

    National Systems are installed serving chain grate, stoker fired, cyclone; pulverized coal fired
    and fluidized bed design furnaces.

    National systems handle all ash products


    Extensive experience includes the design and supply of complete systems for handling:

    Bottom Ash
    Bed Ash

    Sifting Ash

    Mill rejects

    Economizer Ash

    Air Heater Ash

    Ash Clinkers

    Rear Pass

    Baghouse Ash

    Precipitator Ash

    Pyrites

    Superheater Ash

    Stack Ash

    Slag

    Pneumatic or mechanical systems


    There are different types of ash handling systems. These include:

    Vacuum pneumatic
    Pressure pneumatic

    Vacuum & Pressure pneumatic

    Dry mechanical conveyor systems

    Submerged mechanical conveyor systems

    TYPICAL NATIONAL ASH HANDLING SYSTEM INSTALLATION

    National ash handling system at mid-west power plant. Ash storage silo can be seen at left. A
    vacuum pneumatic ash collection/ash conveying system is used.

    VACUUM PNEUMATIC ASH HANDLING SYSTEMS

    Vacuum pneumatic ash collection & ash conveying system consists of:1. Air Intake
    2. Fully Enclosed, Quick Acting, Swing Disc valve
    3. Pipe Fittings with Replaceable, Reversible, Interchangeable Wear backs (550
    BHN)
    4. Paddle Type Ash Conditioning Unit
    5. Abrasion Resistant centrifugally Cast Conveyor Pipe

    6. Silo Vent Filter


    7. Centrifugal Receiver/Separator
    8. Pulse Jet Bag Type Dust Collector
    9. Continuous Ash Collecting Double Dump Gates
    10.Silo Relief Valve
    11.Ash Storage Silo
    12.Air Pipe
    13.Fugitive Dust Filter
    14.Telescopic Dry Unloader
    15.Vacuum Breaker
    16.Guard Filter
    17.Mechanical Exhausters

    System Operation
    Ash which has accumulated in various collection hoppers is pneumatically conveyed to a
    centrifugal receiver atop the ash storage silo. Vacuum forces providing the conveyance air flow
    are created by a blower (exhauster) located near the silo.
    Coarser ash particulates collecting at the bottom of the receiver are transferred to the silo via a
    double dump gate air lock assembly (see description on following page). Finer ash particles and
    the induced conveying air flow report through the "vortex finder" pipe at the top of the
    centrifugal receiver to a pulse jet, bag type dust collector located nearby. Ash particulates
    released by periodic blow down of the bags collect below, where this material is transferred to
    the silo via a double dump gate air lock assembly. Overall solids recovery typically exceeds
    99.9% for 2 micron and larger particulates.

    PRESSURE PNEUMATIC ASH HANDLING SYSTEMS

    Schematic - Pressure Pneumatic Ash Collection/Ash Conveying System


    Pressurized pneumatic ash handling systems are most often used for conveying ash over long
    distances. Such systems are also usefully applied when ash is to be delivered to multiple interim
    storage or load out stations.
    An upstream mechanical blower creates a flow of conveying air. Ash is transferred from
    collection hoppers to the conveying pipeline on a programmed cycle with the use of rotary
    airlock feeders or double dump gate airlock valves.
    At the end of the ash conveying pipeline ash is received in a highly abrasion resistant silo
    mounted target box from which it falls by gravity into the storage silo.
    Ash conveying air is normally exhausted to the atmosphere through a silo vent filter or it can be
    recycled to other dust collection equipment.

    COMBINATION VACUUM/PRESSURE ASH HANDLING CONVEYING


    SYSTEMS

    Combination vacuum/pressure pneumatic ash conveying systems can be beneficially applied to


    take advantage of the simplicity of a vacuum system for the collection and delivery of ash to a
    transfer hopper from which it is reclaimed through an air lock feeding device for pressurized
    pneumatic conveyance to a remote location silo for subsequent load out.

    ASH SYSTEM COMPONENTS

    Disc Type Ash Intake Valves


    Abrasion Resistant Pipe & Fittings

    Ash Receivers

    Pulse Jet Type Dust Collectors

    Rotary Airlock Feeders

    Double Dump Gate Airlock Feeder

    Exhauster Units (Vacuum Pneumatic Systems)

    Blower Units (Pressure Pneumatic Systems)

    Clinker Grinders

    Bottom Ash Hopper/Vertical Lifting Doors

    Ash Storage Silos

    Ash Conditioners

    Dry Unloaders

    Ash System Computerized HMI Controls

    DISC TYPE ASH INTAKE VALVE

    National type "D" (Disc Type) fly ash intake valve used at ash pick up stations in a vacuum
    pneumatic ash collection system.

    ASH CONVEYOR PIPE & FITTINGS

    National "Wear back" Abrasion Resistant Ash Conveying Pipeline Fittings


    Completely cast of Ni-Hard, having a minimum hardness of BHN 550. These fittings provide
    significantly longer life than those employing other metallurgy.
    Note the bolted, interchangeable, replaceable and reversible "WEARBACK" sections and
    inspection ports.

    Ash Receivers

    The photograph above shows a centrifugal ash receiver mounted above a National double dump
    gate airlock valve.
    The centrifugal ash receiver has an important role in ash handling systems. Normally positioned
    on top of a silo or storage hopper, it performs the principal separation between ash particulates
    and the ash conveying air flow by means of cyclonic action (forces). The majority of ash
    particulates report to the lower apex cone of the receiver from which they can be directly
    discharged to the storage silo or in the case of a vacuum ash conveying system, this transfer is
    performed using a double dump gate airlock valve as shown at the right. The airflow overflowing

    to the top of the receiver reports to a companion pulse jet type dust collector for final particulate
    removal from the conveying air stream.
    National provides a variety of highly efficient, abrasion resistant centrifugal ash receivers. For
    ease of replacement, these are of segmented. Bolted design with all sections cast in NI-HARD
    having a minimum hardness of BHN 550 for maximum abrasion resistance.

    Pulse Jet Dust Collectors

    Pulse Jet Bag Type Dust Collector as used in National ash conveying systems.
    In vacuum pneumatic ash conveying systems the pulse jet bag type dust collector is used
    together with a centrifugal ash receiver to reclaim ash particulates from the conveying air stream
    and deposit such ash in the ash storage silo. The pulse jet collector receives the overflow
    airstream from the ash receiver (the dirty air), collecting ash particulates on the surface of
    multiple fiber bags which are subsequently "blow down", and causing accumulated ash to fall to
    the bottom discharge opening and into the ash storage silo below. Clean (filtered) air overflows
    the top of the dust collector, passing to the atmosphere or other processing.

    Rotary Airlock Feeder

    National Rotary Airlock Feeder for Ash Handling


    3 sizes are available. Capacities 150 cu. ft. to 800 cu. ft. /hr (4.25 cu m./hr to 22.6 cu. m./hr).
    Replaceable abrasion resistant liner. Outboard bearings. Online replacement of internals. Shipped
    fully assembled with or without drive.

    Double Dump Gate Airlock Valve

    National Double Dump Gate Airlock Valve


    A dependable system for transfer of material in both vacuum pneumatic and pressure pneumatic
    ash conveying systems. National offers a range of sizes to suit your needs.
    See the above page for a photo and cross sectional drawing.

    Exhausters (Vacuum Pneumatic System)

    National exhauster unit supplied for a vacuum pneumatic ash conveying system.
    .

    Blowers (Pressure Pneumatic System)


    Blower Unit
    National blower unit supplied for a pressure pneumatic ash conveying system.

    Clinker Grinder

    A clinker grinder is a useful component in those ash conveying systems where coarse bottom ash
    or other coarsely sized material must be reduced in size so as to be suitable for pneumatic
    conveyance or other means of ash handling.

    Bottom Ash Hoppers & Vertical Lifting Doors


    National custom designed bottom ash hoppers with vertical lifting doors.

    Photograph above shows National lifting doors installed in a bottom ash hopper.
    Drawing at right shows typical cross section view. Note refractory lining.

    Clinker grinder reduces (crushes) bottom ash material to a size suitable for pneumatic ash
    conveying. Note offset intake tee for introduction of crushed bottom ash to the pneumatic ash
    conveying pipeline.

    Ash Storage Silos


    Custom designed ash storage silos are a National Conveyors specialty.

    Paddle Type Ash Conditioner

    Paddle type ash conditioner as supplied for National ash handling systems.
    The twin shaft paddle mixer conditions ash and unloads same to transport vehicles. Ash feed rate
    from the ash storage silo is precisely controlled. Water spray feed rate is adjusted by control

    valves. The conveying action provided by the rotating paddles provides continuous flow of
    uniformly mixed ash with no excess water or dusting.

    Dry Ash Unloaders


    Telescopic Unloading Chute

    Computerized (HMI) Controls

    National ash collection and ash conveying systems are provided with state of the art
    computerized HMI controls. Graphical color touch screen interface (HMI) allows the operator to
    monitor ash system operation, select all system functions and identify and troubleshoot
    malfunctions.

    THE ULTIMATE IN-ASH COLLECTION & ASH CONVEYING CONTROL


    Typical National Conveyors HMI Control Screens for a State-Of-The-Art Ash System

    ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
    Lime Handling System - Typical

    A typical National Conveyors Lime Handling System employing vacuum pneumatic lime
    unloading with pressurized pneumatic conveyance to a remote lime storage silo.

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