Ing Gris
Ing Gris
Ing Gris
Antihypertensive Drugs
1. Diuretics
a. furosemide
Name of the patent: Cetasix, farsix, furostic, impungsn, kutrix, Lasix, salurix,
uresix.
Dosage: Tablets, capsules, injection.
The working mechanism: reducing active NaCl reabsorption in the tubule lumen
into intersitium on the ascending limb of Henle.
Indications: Acute pulmonary edema, edema due to congestive heart disease,
cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, hypertension.
Contraindications: pregnant and lactating women
Side effects: dizziness. Lethargy, muscle rigidity, hypotension, nausea, diarrhea.
Drug interactions: effects of indomethacin lowers diuretiknya, ototoksit effect
increases when administered together with aminoglycosides. Should not be given
together etakrinat acid. Silisilat increased toxicity when administered concurrently.
Dosage: Adult 40 mg / hr
Son of 2-6 mg / kg / hr
b. HCT (Hydrochlorothiaside)
Dosage: Tablets
The working mechanism: mendeplesi (emptying) of sodium deposits so that blood
volume, cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance decreased.
Pharmacokinetics: well absorbed by the digestive tract. Distributed throughout the
extracellular space and just dumped in the kidney tissues.
Indications: used to reduce edema due to heart failure, liver cirrhosis, chronic renal
failure, hypertension.
Contraindications: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypertension in
pregnancy.
Dose: Adults 25-50 mg / hr
Kids from 0.5 to 1.0 mg / kg / 12-24 hours
2. Beta receptors antagonists
a. Asebutol (Beta-blockers)
Patent Name: sacral, corbutol, sectrazide.
Dosage: tablets, capsules.
Pharmacokinetics: well absorbed by the digestive tract. Short half-life, and can be
given several times a day.
Pharmacodynamics: beta adrenergic inhibitors inhibit the sympathetic stimulation,
thus lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Beta blockers can penetrate the
placenta barrier and can get into breast milk.
Indications: hypertension, myocardial infard, angina pectoris
Contraindications: sinus bradycardia, heart block II and III level, cardiogenic
shock, heart failure hidden.
Side effects: lethargy, cold hands and feet, insomnia, nightmares, diarrhea
Drug interactions: reserpine enhances the effect antihipertensinya
Dosage: 50-100 mg / kg.
d. Propranolol (beta blockers)
Name of the patent: Blokard, Inderal, Prestoral
Dosage: Tablets
The working mechanism: not so obvious, allegedly due to decrease cardiac output,
inhibit the release of renin in the kidneys, inhibiting the sympathetic tone in the
vasomotor center of the brain.
Pharmacokinetics: well absorbed by the digestive tract. Short half-life, and can be
given several times a day. It is easy to bind to the protein and will compete with
drugs - other drugs that are also very easy to bind to the protein.
Pharmacodynamics: beta adrenergic inhibitors inhibit the sympathetic stimulation,
thus lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Beta blockers can penetrate the
placenta barrier and can get into breast milk.
Indications: hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, migraine, hepertrofi
subaortik stenosis, myocardial infarction, pheochromocytoma
Contraindications: cardiogenic shock, bronchial asthma, heart block brikadikardia
and level II and III, congestive heart failure. Heart - heart administering to the
patient biabetes mellitus, haminl and lactating women.
Side
effects:
bradycardia,
insomnia,
nausea,
vomiting,
bronchospasm,
agranulocytosis, depression.
Drug interactions: liver - liver when administered in conjunction with reserpine
because it adds weight hypotension and calcium antagonists for causing
suppression of myocardial contractility. Cardiac arrest can occur when
administered together with haloperidol. Phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin
lowers
Indications:
peripheral
resistance
hypertension,
angina
resulting
pectoris,
in
lower
cardiac
use
of
arrhythmia,
oxygen.
migraine
ACE
Inhibitors
(angiotensin
Converting
Enzyme
inhibitors)
Kaptopril
a. Patent name:Capoten
Dosage:Tablets
The working mechanism: inhibiting the angiotensin converting enzyme thereby
lowering angiotensin II result in decreased release of renin and aldosterone.
Indications: hypertension, heart failure.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, liver - liver in patients with a history of
angioedema and Lactating women.
Side effects: cough, skin flushing, constipation, hypotension, dyspepsia, blurry
vision, myalgia.
Drug interactions: hypotension increased when given together with diuretics.
Should not be given together with vasodilators such as nitroglycerin or other nitrate
preparations. Indomethacin and other NSAIDs reduce the effects of this drug.
administration
to
pregnant
and
lactating
women.
lowers
effectiveness.
Intoksitosis
litiumm
increased.
4.