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    Critical Thinking

    Uploaded by

    Jake Lobrigas
    1. A tuned circuit that is too narrow will eliminate the higher and lower sidebands of an FM signal. The output of a demodulator processing this narrowed signal would look distorted compared to the original modulating signal. Narrowing the bandwidth filters out important signal information. 2. A subcarrier of 70 kHz modulated by 2.1 kHz and 6.8 kHz tones is used to modulate a 12.5 MHz carrier. This results in multiple sideband frequencies between 12.4279 MHz and 12.5768 MHz. The total bandwidth occupied is 140 kHz. 3. If a carrier is reinserted at the receiver of an SSB signal at a slightly different frequency than the original, it can cause

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    Critical Thinking

    Uploaded by

    Jake Lobrigas
    2K views3 pages
    1. A tuned circuit that is too narrow will eliminate the higher and lower sidebands of an FM signal. The output of a demodulator processing this narrowed signal would look distorted compared to the original modulating signal. Narrowing the bandwidth filters out important signal information. 2. A subcarrier of 70 kHz modulated by 2.1 kHz and 6.8 kHz tones is used to modulate a 12.5 MHz carrier. This results in multiple sideband frequencies between 12.4279 MHz and 12.5768 MHz. The total bandwidth occupied is 140 kHz. 3. If a carrier is reinserted at the receiver of an SSB signal at a slightly different frequency than the original, it can cause

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    1. A tuned circuit that is too narrow will eliminate the higher and lower sidebands of an FM signal. The output of a demodulator processing this narrowed signal would look distorted compared to the original modulating signal. Narrowing the bandwidth filters out important signal information. 2. A subcarrier of 70 kHz modulated by 2.1 kHz and 6.8 kHz tones is used to modulate a 12.5 MHz carrier. This results in multiple sideband frequencies between 12.4279 MHz and 12.5768 MHz. The total bandwidth occupied is 140 kHz. 3. If a carrier is reinserted at the receiver of an SSB signal at a slightly different frequency than the original, it can cause

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    2K views3 pages

    Critical Thinking

    Uploaded by

    Jake Lobrigas
    1. A tuned circuit that is too narrow will eliminate the higher and lower sidebands of an FM signal. The output of a demodulator processing this narrowed signal would look distorted compared to the original modulating signal. Narrowing the bandwidth filters out important signal information. 2. A subcarrier of 70 kHz modulated by 2.1 kHz and 6.8 kHz tones is used to modulate a 12.5 MHz carrier. This results in multiple sideband frequencies between 12.4279 MHz and 12.5768 MHz. The total bandwidth occupied is 140 kHz. 3. If a carrier is reinserted at the receiver of an SSB signal at a slightly different frequency than the original, it can cause

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    1.

    What happens to an FM signal that has been passed through a tuned circuit that is too narrow,
    resulting in the higher upper and lower sidebands to be eliminated? What would the output of a
    demodulator processing this signal look like compared to that of the original modulating signal?
    Tuned or LC circuits are often used as filters; the L/C ratio is one of the factors that determines
    their "Q" and so selectivity. For a series resonant circuit with a given resistance, the higher the
    inductance and the lower the capacitance, the narrower the filter bandwidth.

    Nigas ni sa Ilaha:
    2.) A subcarrier of 70 kHz is amplitude- modulated by tones of 2.1 and 6.8 kHz. The resulting
    AM signal is
    then used to amplitude-modulate a carrier of 12.5 MHz. Calculate all sideband frequencies in
    the composite signal, and draw a frequency- domain display of the signal. Assume 100
    percent modulation. What is the bandwidth occupied by the complete signal?
    When you modulate a carrier (or subcarrier) with a signal, you get the two original signals plus the sum of
    them plus the difference between them. With 70kHz modulated with 2.1kHz you get 72.1kHZ and 67.9kHz
    plus the two original frequencies. You would normally filter out the 2.1kHz and end up with 70kHz,
    72.1kHZ and 67.9kHz.
    Doing this with the 6.8kHz, we see that we end up with 70kHz, 76.8kHz and 63.2kHz.
    Taking each of these 5 frequencies and modulating 12.5MHz with it will give us the following frequencies:
    12.43MHz
    12.57MHz
    12.5721MHz
    12.5679MHz
    12.5768MHz
    12.5632MHz
    12.4279MHz
    12.4321MHz
    12.4232MHz
    12.4368MHz
    To get 100% modulation, each signal must be reduced so that the total amplitude would be 100%
    modulation, which is the case when the carrier contains half the power and all of the other information (the
    intelligence) is contained in the other frequencies. The carrier at 12.5MHz contains half the total power. Of
    the other 50% power, the 70kHz subcarrier has half of that power, or 25% of the total power. The

    subcarrier, after modulating the carrier, is found in two frequencies (12.43MHz and 12.57MHz), so each of
    these frequencies contains 12.5% of the total power. The 8 other frequencies contain equal amounts of
    power, or 1/8th of 25% of total, which is 3.125% of total power for each of the 8 frequencies.
    So, the power in the 12.5MHz carrier is a 0dBc (0dB with respect to the carrier, or itself) and the power in
    the other frequencies are as follows:
    12.43MHz: -6.02dBc
    12.57MHz: -6.02dBc
    12.5721MHz: -12.04dBc
    12.5679MHz: -12.04dBc
    12.5768MHz: -12.04dBc
    12.5632MHz: -12.04dBc
    12.4279MHz: -12.04dBc
    12.4321MHz: -12.04dBc
    12.4232MHz: -12.04dBc
    12.4368MHz: -12.04dBc

    NIGAWAS NI SA ILAHA:
    3. An SSB signal is generated by modulating a 5-MHz
    carrier with a 400-Hz sine tone. At the receiver, the
    carrier is reinserted during demodulation, but its
    frequency is 5.00015 MHz rather than exactly 5 MHz.
    How does this affect the recovered signal? How would
    a voice signal be affected by a carrier that is not exactly
    the same as the original?

    It is necessary to introduce the carrier using the Beat Frequency Oscillator (BFO) or Carrier Insertion
    Oscillator (CIO)on the same frequency relative to the SSB signal as the original carrier. Any
    deviation from this will cause the pitch of the recovered audio to change. Whilst errors of up to about
    100 Hz are acceptable for communications applications including amateur radio but in this case the
    error is 150 Hz, if music is to be transmitted the carrier must be reintroduced on exactly the correct
    frequency. This can be accomplished by transmitting a small amount of carrier, and using circuitry in
    the receiver to lock onto this. Its effect on the voice signal that is affected by a carrier that is not
    exactly the same as the original is it becomes not understandable due to the distortion it has
    produced.

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