Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

* 0 4 0 6 1 2 6 1 2 6 *

COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/32

Paper 3 (Extended) May/June 2016
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 24.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 22 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

DC (NF/SG) 116211/3
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1 Fig. 1.1 shows some parts of the human alimentary canal and its associated organs.

mouth tongue

salivary gland

liver
stomach
pancreas

small intestine

colon

rectum

Fig. 1.1

(a) Use the labels in Fig. 1.1 to complete Table 1.1.

Table 1.1

function name of organ(s)

ingestion .......................................

absorption of digested food .......................................

stomach and
secrete digestive enzymes
................................ and ................................
[4]

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(b) The nutrients that have been absorbed from the digestive system travel in the blood to the
body cells.

Fig. 1.2 shows a longitudinal section of a capillary next to some body cells.

wall of capillary

body cell

Fig. 1.2

The arrows show the direction of movement of glucose from the blood to the cells of the body.

Describe how the structure of the capillary allows this movement to take place effectively.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

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(c) Fig. 1.3 shows the effect of pH on the activity of an enzyme which is secreted into the food
in the stomach. The environment in the stomach has a low pH because of the presence of
hydrochloric acid.

enzyme
activity

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
pH of reaction

Fig. 1.3

(i) State the optimum pH for this enzyme.

................................................... [1]

(ii) The stomach contents enter the duodenum. The pH there is approximately 8.

Explain in detail why the enzyme shows no activity when it enters the duodenum.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) There are enzymes in the duodenum which digest the food after it has left the stomach.
On Fig. 1.3 draw a curve to suggest how the activity of an enzyme secreted into the
duodenum varies with pH. [2]

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Please turn over for Question 2

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2 (a) Lead bromide, PbBr2, can be broken down into its elements using the apparatus shown in
Fig. 2.1.

d.c. power supply

+

electrode A

molten lead bromide

Fig. 2.1

(i) Name the process shown in Fig. 2.1.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Give the symbols of the ions present in molten lead bromide.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Name the element produced at electrode A and state the colour of this element.

name .................................................................................................................................

colour ................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) In a similar process, aqueous copper chloride solution is broken down into a metal and
chlorine gas.

(i) Write the symbol equation for the reaction, including state symbols.

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Describe the chemical test for chlorine gas.

test ....................................................................................................................................

result .................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

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(c) (i) Describe the trend in the boiling points of the elements going down Group VII of the
Periodic Table, from chlorine to iodine.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Fluorine is another element in Group VII.

Use the Periodic Table to determine the electronic structure of an atom of fluorine.

....................................................... [1]

(iii) An atom of fluorine has a nucleon number of 19.

Calculate the number of neutrons in this atom.

number of neutrons = ............................. [1]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows a gravity racer. A gravity racer is a small cart with four wheels and no engine. It is
steered by a driver as it runs down a sloping track.

Fig. 3.1

(a) The mass of the cart and driver is 100 kg.

State the name given to the force on this mass due to the effect of gravity.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Fig. 3.2 shows the track becoming horizontal at the bottom of the slope.

Fig. 3.2

The cart accelerates down the slope and then moves along the horizontal track for a distance
before the driver applies the brakes and the cart stops.

Fig. 3.3 shows a speed / time graph for the motion of the cart.

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10

6
speed
m/s

0
0 2 4 6 8 10
time / s

Fig. 3.3

(i) On Fig. 3.3 write the letter P at the point when the brakes are first applied. [1]
(ii) Use Fig. 3.3 to calculate the distance travelled by the cart

1. while it moves at constant speed.

State any formula you use and show your working.

formula

working

distance = ........................................................... m

2. from the time the brakes are applied until it comes to a stop.

Show your working.

distance = ........................................................... m
[3]

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(c) Another cart with driver has a mass of 150 kg.

This cart travels down the slope through a vertical height of 10 m before entering the horizontal
section of the track.

(i) Complete the energy transfers that take place while the cart is moving.

potential energy
From ............................................. at the top of the slope

kinetic
to ................................ energy on the track

to ..................................................... energy as the cart stops.

[1]

(ii) Calculate the potential energy lost.

(gravitational field strength, g = 10 N / kg).

State the formula you use and show your working.

formula

working

potential energy = ........................................................ J [2]

(iii) Calculate the maximum possible speed of the cart at the bottom of the slope.

State the formula you use and show your working.

formula

working

speed = ................................................... m / s [3]

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4 Fig. 4.1 shows a germinating seed and a diagram of one of the root hair cells as seen through the
microscope.

root hair
area

root hair cell

Fig. 4.1

(a) Use the following terms to complete the sentences.

You may use each term once, more than once, or not at all.

amino acids cell membrane cell wall ions

nucleus phloem xylem

The root hair cell has a ......................................................... to control what enters and

leaves the cell. It has a large surface area to absorb water and

......................................................... . Water goes from the cell to the

......................................................... to be taken to the rest of the plant. [3]

(b) A few days later the seedling in Fig. 4.1 develops leaves above ground and starts to
photosynthesise.

(i) Write the symbol equation for photosynthesis.

light

........................................................ chlorophyll ........................................................ [2]

(ii) Describe the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

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5 Fig. 5.1 shows the fractional distillation of petroleum.

Four of the fractions are labelled P, Q, R and S.

S
hot petroleum

Fig. 5.1

(a) State which fraction from Fig. 5.1 has

the lowest boiling point range,

.......................

the greatest molecular size.

.......................
[2]

(b) Alkanes and alkenes are two types of hydrocarbon.

(i) Name the process used in the manufacture of alkenes from alkanes.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(ii) Fig. 5.2 shows three molecules.

H H H H
H H
H C C H C C H C C O H
H H
H H H H

A B C

Fig. 5.2

State which molecule is an alkene and give a reason for your answer.

molecule ....................

reason ...............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[1]

(iii) Alkanes and alkenes can be distinguished by a chemical test.

Name the chemical used in this test and state the observations for propane and for
propene.

chemical name ..................................................................................................................

propane observation .........................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

propene observation .........................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[3]

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6 Global warming causes ice caps to melt. This causes a rise in sea level.

(a) Warming of the water in the oceans causes the sea level to rise for a different reason.

Explain this reason.

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Global warming happens when more of the infra-red radiation coming from the Sun is trapped
in the Earths surface and atmosphere.

(i) Table 6.1 shows part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Table 6.1

gamma radio
X-rays
rays waves

In Table 6.1, place infra-red radiation in the correct position in the electromagnetic
spectrum. [1]

(ii) A student said he thought infra-red radiation travels from the Sun more slowly than
sunlight.

Explain why the student is not correct.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Global warming causes more water to evaporate from the sea, as the average speed of the
molecules in the sea increases. This causes the temperature of the water in the sea surface
to decrease slightly.

Suggest why evaporation causes a decrease in temperature in terms of the movement of

water molecules.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) When the Sun is shining on the Earths surface, the temperature of the land increases more
quickly than the temperature of the sea.

Suggest one reason why this happens.

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
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7 Fig. 7.1 shows the energy flow in an ecosystem on an island. The unit for each flow is kJ / m2 / year.

light energy landing on plants

2 400 000

39 200 glucose in plants 52 000

114 200
respiration E decomposers
11 500 primary consumers 8050
(herbivores)

secondary consumers
2830 620
(carnivores)
3450

Fig. 7.1

(a) (i) Calculate the efficiency with which light energy landing on the plants is converted to
glucose.

Show your working.

efficiency = ......................................................% [2]

(ii) Calculate E, the amount of energy passed on to the primary consumers.

Show your working

E = ..................................... kJ / m2 / year [1]

(iii) Explain why there are not many trophic levels in this ecosystem.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) Describe one way in which the plants use the energy released by respiration.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(b) Acid rain can affect ecosystems. The island is affected by acid rain that is carried by the wind
from a factory on a different island.

(i) Describe how the factory could cause this acid rain.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) The acid rain reduces the growth of the plants on the island.

Suggest and explain how this affects the number of carnivores in the ecosystem in
Fig. 7.1.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

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8 Fig. 8.1 shows a piece of calcium reacting with dilute hydrochloric acid.

thermometer

acid

calcium

Fig. 8.1

(a) Complete the sentences about this reaction.

In this reaction the temperature increases. This shows that this is an ......................................

reaction. The temperature rises because ...................................... energy is converted into

...................................... energy. [3]

(b) Describe and explain, in terms of colliding particles, any effect on the speed of the reaction
caused by reducing the temperature of the acid.

effect .........................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) (i) Describe and explain any effect on the speed of the reaction in Fig. 8.1 caused by
replacing the piece of calcium by a piece of copper.

effect ..................................................................................................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Describe the method of extraction of copper from copper oxide.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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9 A student wants to investigate the current through an electric buzzer. He designs the circuit in
Fig. 9.1 to use in his investigation.

buzzer

Fig. 9.1

(a) (i) Name the component represented by this symbol.

....................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State and explain why the student includes this component in his circuit.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(iii) The student has left out an important component from his circuit that is needed to
measure the current.

On Fig. 9.2 complete the circuit diagram and include the symbol for this missing
component in its correct place.

Fig. 9.2
[2]

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(b) The student uses the correct circuit for his experiment. Fig. 9.3 shows his results plotted as a
graph.

0.060

0.050

0.040

current / A
0.030

0.020

0.010

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
potential difference / V

Fig. 9.3

The resistance of the buzzer is given by the formula

potential difference (p.d.)

resistance =
current

The student says that the resistance of the buzzer is lower when the p.d. is 12 V than when
the p.d. is 6 V. The resistance at 12 V is 200 .

Use information from the graph in Fig. 9.3 to calculate the resistance at 6 V to show that he
was correct.

resistance at 6 V = ........................ [2]

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(c) The buzzer emits a very loud sound at 3000 Hz with a wavelength of 0.11m. A student 1km
away from the buzzer hears the sound after a short time.

Calculate the time taken by the sound to reach the student.

State any formula you use and show your working.

formula

working

time = ....................................................... s [3]

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BLANK PAGE

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BLANK PAGE

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 The Periodic Table of Elements
Group

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I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

the live examination series.

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
24

85 88 89 91 93 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 5771 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

0653/32/M/J/16
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209
87 88 89103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
232 231 238

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.)

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