Try Out Toefl 1

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2. spent your time as the directoins ask.
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answer before the date ( 16-03-2016)
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 Section 1:
Listening Comprehension

50 Questions 40 MINUTES
In this section of the test, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to understand conversations
and talks in English. There are three parts to this section with special directions tor each part. Answer ail the
questions on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers in this test. When you take me actual TOEFL
test, you will not be allowed to take notes or write in your test book. Try to work Model on this Model Test in the
same way.

Part A

Directions: In Part A, you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will
hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will not be repeated, after you hear a
question, read the four possible answers in your book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet,
find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

1. (A) Wait at a drugstore. 7. (A) The bike is in good condition.

(B) Go to a doctor's office. (B) The man needs to replace the bike.
(C) Find a hospital. (C) The bike is missing.
(D) Look for some aspirin. (D) It is a new bike.

2. (A) He doesnt mind the traffic. 8. (A) The books were more expensive than two
(B) He takes the bus to work. hundred dollars.
(C) He has to stand on the bus if he takes it to (B) She would like to buy the books.
work. (C) She cannot afford the price of the books.
(D) He wants to fide to work with the woman. (D) She has not purchased her books yet.

3. (A) She is flattered. 9. (A) She wants to fix supper.

(B) She is not interested. (B) She wants to stay at home.
(C) She is not busy. (C) She is not hungry.
(D) She will support the man's nomination. (D) She wants to go out.

4. (A) The woman should not consider her advisor 10. (A) He is at his office.
in the decision. (B) He is at lunch.
(B) The woman should not take Dr. Sullivans (C) He is at the travel agency.
section. (D) He is at the bakery. .
(C) The womans advisor will not be of fended.
(D) The woman should not take a physics
11. (A) See a lawyer.
course.
(B) Come to an agreement.
(C) Sue the company.
5. (A) It was too far from work.
(D) Go to court.
(B) It was very old.
(C) The school was far away.
12. (A) Something cold.
(D) The area was not nice.
(B) Coffee.
(C) Tea.
6. (A) She is not interested in the man.
(D) Both coffee and tea.
(B) She does not like lectures.
(C) She would go out with the man on another
13. (A) Ask directions.
occasion.
(B) Walk to the shopping center.
(D) She would rather stay at home.
(C) Take a taxi.
(D) Wait for the bus.
14. (A) He does not plan to study. 23. (A) She was not capable of making such a long
(B) He has a very busy schedule. trip.
(C) He is lost. (B) She did not know about the reception.
(D) He has not registered yet. (B) She was sorry that she could not attend
(C) She was not able to go because she tired.
15. (A) He does not want to listen to the radio.
(B) He has changed his opinion about turning on 24. (A) They do not have a telephone.
the radio. (B) They are late.
(C) The radio will not bother him. (C) They have been left.
(D) The radio is not working very well. (D) They got lost.

16. (A) Stop worrying. 25. (A) Pay the rent for half a month.
(B) Go out more. (B) Help the man move.
(C) Talk to a friend. (C) Stay where she is living until the 15th.
(D) Get counseling. (D) Move out of the apartment.

17. (A) A telephone call. 26. (A) She had already taken the test.
(B) A visit from friends. (B) She did not want to take classes.
(C) A mistake on a bill. (C) She had not taken the placement test.
(D) A letter they have written. (D) She would take the math classes later.

18. (A) He prefers to talk another time. 27. (A) The man bought his car at Discount
(B) He wants the woman to go away automotive.
(C) He would like the woman to continue. (B) The woman has probably made a mistake.
(D) He doesn't know what to think. (C) The cars at Discount automotive are not very
reliable.
19. (A) Accept the woman's apology. (D) The prices are very competitive.
(B) Allow the woman to go ahead of him.
(C) Apologize to the woman. 28. (A) He may not be able to come.
(D) Go to the front of the line (B) He would rather go to Miami.
(C) He is not an honest person.
20. (A) The neighbors have parties often. (D) He doesnt know that the woman is having a
(B) She does not like her neighbors. birthday.
(C) The neighbors' party is disturbing her.
(D) She will not be invited to the neigh party. 29. (A) The plan is to remain in the class.
(B) It is not comfortable in the classroom.
21. (A) Dr. Franklin is not very understanding. (C) He has been absent because he was sick.
(B) The extension was a very bad idea. (D) The weather has been very bad.
(C) She is sorry that the man was denied
request. 30. (A) She thinks the pizza place is closed.
(D) The professor's answer is not surprising (B) She does not like the man.
(C) She is very busy now.
22. (A) The computer needs to be replaced. (D) She is not hungry for a pizza
(B) The man should check the plug.
(C) The man should use the printer at work
(D) The man doesn't know how to use the
printer.
 Part B

Questions: In this part of the test, you will hear longer conversations. After each conversation, you will hear
several questions. The conversations and questions will not be repeated
After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your book and choose the best answer. Then, on
your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the later of the answer
you have chosen.
Remember, you are not allowed to take notes or write on your test pages.

31. (A) The speakers wanted coffee. 36. (A) Help him with the class.
(B) The man lost money. (B) Explain some technical vocabulary.
(C) The Student Center was crowded. (C) Give him special permission to take the class.
(D) The woman needed to make a phone call. (D) Take a form to the registration area.

32. (A) The time. 37. (A) He has planned to graduate in the fall.
(B) The money. (B) He has to take Professor Day's class in order to
graduate.
(C) The coffee.
(C) He needs the professor to sign his application
(D) The test.
for graduation.
33. (A) They decided that they did not want any coffee (D) He does not have enough credits for
(B) They thought that the Student Center would be graduation.
closed.
(C) They thought tat the Student Center would be 38. (A) Enroll Mike in the class next year.
crowded. (B) Allow Mike to take the class this term.
(D) The mad lost his money in the vending (C) Give Mike permission to graduate without the
machine class.
(D) Register Mike for another class
34. (A) To study for a test.
(B) To use the telephone.
(C) To complain about the vending machine.
(D) To get a cup of coffee from the vending
machine.

35. (A) He was late arriving at registration.

(B) He needs an advisor's signature on a course
request form.
(C) He is not doing well in the class because it is so
large.
(D) He must have the permission of the instructor
to enroll in a class.

Part C
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks. After each talk, you will hear questions. The
talks and questions will not be repeated.
After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your book and choose the best Then, on your answer
sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to letter of the answer you have
chosen.
39. (A) A slow, soft song. 40. (A) Thirteen percent.
(B) Music in restaurants. (B) Five to ten percent.
(C) Background music. (C) One hundred percent.
(D) A pleasant addition to the environment. (D) Thirty percent.
41. (A) Background music that is low in stimulus value. 46. (A) By using e-mail.
(B) Upbeat music {hat stimulates sales. (B) By calling KCC-TV.
(C) Music engineered to reduce stress. (C) By writing letters.
(D) Music that starts slow and gets faster at (D) By making video tapes.
times of the day when people get tired.
47. (A) The relationship between language and
42. (A) It can cause shoppers to go through the line culture..
faster. (B) The culture of Hopi society.
(B) It can cause shoppers to buy thirty percent (C) American Indian cultures.
more or less. (D) The life of Benjamin Lee Whorf
(C) It can cause shoppers to walk slower and buy
more. 48. (A) European languages.
(D) It does not influence sales. (B) South American languages.
(C) American Indian languages.
43. (A) The "Sun-Up Semester" program. (D) Computer languages.
(B) The Community College campus.
(C) Video telecourses.
49. (A) All languages are related.
(D) Technology for distance learning.
(B) All American Indian languages are related.
(C) Language influences the manner in which an
44. (A) To clarify how to register. individual understands reality.
(B) To advertise the college. (D) Language and culture are not related.
(C) To provide a listing of courses.
(D) To give students an alternative to tapes. 50. (A) The Sapir Hypothesis.
(B) The Sapir Whorf Hypothesis.
45. (A) They should come to campus. (C) The Sapir-Whorf-Boas Hypothesis.
(B) They can call the Community C (D) The American Indian Model of the universe.
(C) They must contact the instructor.
(D) They can use computers..
 Section 2:
Structure and Written Expression

40 Questions 25 Minutes
This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for standard , written
English. There are two types of questions in this section, with special directions for each type.

STRUCTURE

DIRECTIONS: Questions 1-15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or
phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the ONE word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then,
on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the j letter of the
answer you have chosen. Fill in the space so that the letter inside the oval cannot be seen,

1. --------------------------------- Political demonstrations on (C) meet

American cam- (D) meeting
puses have abated
(A) after 1970
(B) in 1970 6. If a ruby is heated it temporarily lose
(C) or 1970 its color.
(D) since 1970 (A) would
(B) will
2. --------- Ancient civilizations such as those of the (C) does
Phoenicians and the Mesopotamians
(D) has
goods rather than use money.
(A) use to trade
7. small specimen of the embryonic fluid is
(B) is used to trade
removed from a fetus, it will be possible to
(C) used to trade
determine whether the baby will be] born with birth
(D) was used to trade
defects.
3. ----------------------------------------------------- Justice (A) A
Sandra Day O'Connor was -------------- to serve on (B) That a
the U.S. Supreme Court. (C) If a
(A) the woman who first (D) When it is a
(B) the first woman
(C) who the first woman 8. All of the people at the AAME conference are.
(D) the first and a woman (A) mathematic teachers
(B) mathematics teachers
4. North Carolina is well known not only for (C) mathematics teacher
the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (D) mathematic's teachers
for the Cherokee Indian settlements.
(A) also 9. To generate income, magazine publishers
(B) and must decide whether to increase the sub-
(C) but also scription price or-------.
(D) because of (A) to sell advertising
(B) if they should sell advertising
5. General Grant had General Lee --- him (C) selling advertising
at Appomattox to sign the official surrender of the (D) sold advertising
Confederate forces.
(A) to meet 10. If it ............more humid in the desert of the
(B) met
 Southwest, the hot temperatures would be (A) Because
unbearable. (B) So
(A) be (C) A
(B) is (D) Who
(C) was 14. Of all the cereals, rice is the one ..... food for more
(D) were people than any of the other grain crops.
(A) it provides
(B) that providing
11. Java Man, who lived before the first (C) provides
Ice Age, is the first manlike animal. (D) that provides
(A) It is generally believed that
(B) Generally believed it is 15. Travelers ------- their reservations well in advance if
(C) Believed generally is they want to fly during the Christmas holidays.
(D) That is generally believed. (A) had better to get
(B) had to get better
12. For the investor who money, silver or (C) had better get
bonds are good options. (D) had better got
(A) has so little a
(B) has very little
(C) has so few
(D) has very few

13. ------ both men and women have often

achieved their career ambitions by midlife, many
people are afflicted by at least a temporary period of
dissatisfaction and depression.

Written Expression
Directions: In questions 16-40, each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of
the sentence are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in
order for the sentence to be correct. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and till in the
space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

16. The duties of the secretary (A) are (B) to take the minutes, (C) mailing the correspondence, and calling the
members before (D) meetings.

17. If biennials were planted this year, they (A) will be (B) likely (C)to bloom (D) next year.

18. The value (A) of the dollar (B)declines (C)as the rate of inflation (B) raises.

19. Even though a member (A) has drank (B) too much the night (C) before, the counselors at Alcoholics'
Anonymous will try (D) to convince him or her to sober up and stop drinking again.

20. Anthropologists assert that many of the early American Plains Indians did not engage in planting
crops (A) but (B) to hunt, (C) living (D) primarily on buffalo meat.

21. The neutron bomb provides the (A) capable of a (B) limited nuclear war (C) in which buildings
(D) would be preserved, but people would be destroyed.

22. The differential attractions of the sun and the moon (A) have a direct effect (B) in the (C) rising and falling
(D) of the tides.

23. With special enzymes that are (A) call restriction enzymes, it is possible (B) to split off segments of DNA
(C) from the (D) donor organism.
24. Before TV, the common man (A) seldom never (B) had the opportunity to see and (C) hear his leaders
express (D) their views.

25. (A) If it receives (B) enough rain at the proper time, hay (C) will grow quickly, (D) as grass.
26. Psychology Today (A) is (B) interesting, informative, and (C) it is easy (D) to read.

27. (A) Before she died, Andrew Jackson's daughter, (B) who (C) lives in the family mansion, (D) used to take
tourists through her home.

28. It is essential that the temperature (A) is not elevated (B) to a point where the substance formed
(C) may become unstable and decompose into (D) its constituent elements.

29. Two (A) of the players from the Yankees (B) has been (C) chosen (D) to participate in the All Star game.

30. John Philip Sousa, (A) who (B) many people consider the (C) greatest composer of marches, wrote his
music during the era (D) known as the Gay 90s.

31. Although (A) it can be (B) derived from oil, coal, and tar, kerosene is usually (C) produced (D) by refine it
from petroleum.

32. Aeronomy (A) is (B) the study of (C) the earth's upper atmosphere, which includes (D) their composition,
temperature, density, and chemical reactions.

33. The new model (A) costs twice (B) more than (C) last (D) year's model.

34. The purpose (A) of the United Nations, (B) broad speaking, (B) is to maintain peace and security and
(D) to encourage respect for human rights.

35. (A) Aging in (B) most animals can be readily modified when (C) hey (D) will limit caloric intake.

36. (A) Even though Miss Alabama lost the beauty contest, she (B) was still (C) more prettier (D) than the other
girls in the Miss America pageant.

37. Although Congressional representatives and senators may serve an unlimited number of (A) term, the
president (B) is limited to two, (C) for a total (D) of eight years.

38. Although we are (A) concerned about the problem of energy sources, we (B) must not fail (C) recognizing
the need (C) for environmental protection.

39. (A) Because of the movement of a glacier, (B) the form (C) of the Great Lakes was very (D) slow.

40. (A) In 1776 to 1800, (B) the population of the U.S. continued (C) to rise, (D) reaching five million citizens by
tin turn of the century.
 Section 3:
Reading Comprehension

50 Questions 55 Minutes
Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by a number of question about it.
For questions 1-50, you are to choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), to each question. Then, on your
answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you
have chosen.

Answer all questions about the information in a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.

Questions 1-10
It has long been known that when exposed to light under suitable conditions of temperature and
moisture, the green parts of plants use carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen to it. These
exchanges are the opposite of those that occur in respiration. The
Line process is called photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, carbohydrates are synthesized from car-
(5) bon dioxide and water by the chloroplasts of plant cells in the presence of light. In most plants, the water used
in photosynthesis is absorbed from the soil by the roots and translocated through the xylem of the root and
stem to the leaves. Except for the usually small percentage used in respiration, the oxygen released in the
process diffuses out of the leaf into the atmosphere through the stomates. Oxygen is the product of the
reaction. For each molecule of car-
.(10) bon dioxide used, one molecule of oxygen is released. A summary chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
6C02 + 6H20 - C6 H12 06 + 602
As a result of this process, radiant energy from the sun is stored as chemical energy. In turn, the chemical
energy is used to decompose carbon dioxide and water. The products of
(15)their decomposition are recombined into a new compound, which is successively built up into more and more
complex substances. After many intermediate steps, sugar is produced. At the same time, a balance of gases
is preserved in the atmosphere.

1. Which title best expresses the ideas in this 5. The word "stored" in line 13 is closest in meaning to
passage? (A) retained
(A) A Chemical Equation (B) converted
(B) The Process of Photosynthesis (C) discovered
(D) specified
(C) The Parts of Vascular Plants
(D) The Production of Sugar 6. In photosynthesis, energy from the sun is
(A) changed to chemical energy
2. In photosynthesis, water (B) conducted from the xylem to the leaves
(A) must be present of green plants
(B) is produced in carbohydrates (C) not necessary to the process
(C) is stored as chemical energy (D) released one to one for each molecule of
(D) interrupts the chemical reaction carbon dioxide used

3. Which process is the opposite of photosynthesis? 7. The word "their" in line 15 refers to
(A) Decomposition (A) radiant energy and chemical energy
(B) Synthesization (B) carbon dioxide and water
(C) Diffusion (C) products
(D) Respiration (D) complex substances

4. The combination of carbon dioxide and water to 8. The word "successively" in line 15 is closes! in
form sugar results in an excess of meaning to
(A) water (A) with effort
(B) oxygen (B) in a sequence
(C) carbon (C) slowly
(D) chlorophyll (D) carefully
9. Besides the manufacture of food for plants, what is 10. Which of the following is NOT true of the j oxygen
another benefit of photosynthesis? used in photosynthesis?
(A) It produces solar energy. (A) Oxygen is absorbed by the roots.
(B) It diffuses additional carbon dioxide into the air. (B) Oxygen is the product of photosynthesis
(C) It maintains a balance of gases in the (C) Oxygen is used in respiration.
atmosphere. (D) Oxygen is released into the atmosphere
(D) It removes harmful gases from the air. through the leaves.

Questions 11-20
Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a Swedish inventor and philanthropist, bequeathed most of his vast fortune in
trust as a fund from which annual prizes could be awarded to individuals and organizations who had
achieved the greatest benefit to humanity in a particular year. Origi
Line nally, there were six classifications for outstanding contributions designated in Nobel's will
(5) including chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature, and international peace.
The prizes are administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm. In 1969, a prize for economics
endowed by the Central Bank of Sweden was added. Candidates for the prizes must be nominated in
writing by a qualified authority in the field of competition. Recipients in physics, chemistry, and economics
are selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; in
(10) physiology or medicine by the Caroline Institute; in literature by the Swedish Academy; and in peace by the
Norwegian Nobel Committee appointed by Norway's parliament. The prizes are usually presented in
Stockholm on December 10, with the King of Sweden officiating, an appropriate tribute to Alfred Nobel on
the anniversary of his death. Each one includes a gold medal, a diploma, and a cash award of about one
million dollars.

11. What does this passage mainly discuss? 15. The word "will" in line 4 refers to
(A) Alfred Bernhard Nobel (A) Nobel's wishes
(B) The Nobel prizes (B) a legal document^,
(C) Great contributions to mankind (C) a future intention
(D) Swedish philanthropy (D) a free choice

12. Why were the prizes named for Alfred Bernhard 16. A Nabel prize would NOT be given to
Nobel?
(A) an author who wrote a novel
(A) He left money in his will to establish a fund for
the prizes. (B) a doctor who discovered a vaccine
(B) He won the first Nobel prize for his work in (C) a composer who wrote a symphony
philanthropy. (D) a diplomat who negotiated a peace settlement
(C) He is now living in Sweden.
(D) He serves as chairman of the committee to 17. The word "one" in line 13 refers to
choose the recipients of the prizes. (A) tribute
(B) anniversary
13. How often are the Nobel prizes awarded? (C) prize
(E) Five times a year (D) candidate
(F) Once a year
(G) Twice a year 18. Which individual or organization serves as
(H) Once every two years administrator for the trust?
(A) The King of Sweden
14. The word "outstanding" in line 4 could best be (B) The Nobel Foundation
replaced by (C) The Central Bank of Sweden
(A) recent (D) Swedish and Norwegian academies and
(B) unusual institutes
(C) established
(D) exceptional^ 19. The word "appropriate" in line 13 is closest in
meaning to
(A) prestigious
(B) customary
(C) suitable
(D) transitory
20. Why are the awards presented on December 10?
(A) It is a tribute to the King of Sweden.
(B) Alfred Bernhard Nobel died on that day.
(C) That date was established in Alfred Nobel's will.
(D) The Central Bank of Sweden administers the trust

Questions 21-30
Although stage plays have been set to music since the era of the ancient Greeks, when the dramas of
Sophocles and Aeschylus were accompanied by lyres and flutes, the usually accepted date for the
beginning of opera as we know it is 1600. As part of the celebration of
Line the marriage of King Henry IV of France to the Italian aristocrat Maria de Medici, the Flo-
(5) rentine composer Jacopo Perf produced his famous Euridice, generally considered to be the first opera.
Following his example, a group of Italian musicians, poets, and noblemen called the Camerata began to
revive the style of musical story that had been used in Greek tragedy. The Camerata took most of the plots
for their operas from Greek and Roman history and mythology, writing librettos or dramas for music. They
called their compositions opera in
(10) musical or musical works. It is from this phrase that the word "opera" is borrowed.
For several years, the center of opera was Florence, but gradually, during the baroque period, it spread
throughout Italy. By the late 1600s, operas were being written and performed in Europe, especially in
England, France, and Germany. But, for many years, the Italian opera was considered the ideal, and many
non-Italian composers continued to use Italian librettos
(15) The European form de-emphasized the dramatic aspect. New orchestral effects and even ballet were
introduced under the guise of opera. Composers gave in to the demands of singer.-, writing many operas
that were nothing more than a succession of brilliant tricks for the voice-Complicated arias, recitatives, and
duets evolved. The aria, which is a long solo, may be compared to a song in which the characters express
their thoughts and feelings. The recitative,
(20) which is also a solo, is a recitation set to music whose purpose is to continue the story line. The duet is a
musical piece written for two voices which may serve the function of either an aria or a recitative.

21. This passage is a summary of 25. The author suggests that Euridice was produced
(A) opera in Italy (A) in France
(B) the Camerata (B) originally by Sophocles and Aeschylus
(C) the development of opera (C) without much success
(D) Euridice (D) for the wedding of King Henry

22. According to this passage, when did modern opera 26. What was the Camerata?
begin? (A) A group of Greek musicians
(A) In the time of the ancient Greeks (B) Musicians who developed a new musical
(B) In the fifteenth century drama based upon Greek drama
(C) At the beginning of the sixteenth century (C) A style of music not known in Italy
(D) At the beginning of the seventeenth century (D) The name given to the court of King Henry IV

23. The word "it" in line 3 refers to 27. The word "revive" in line 7 could best be replaced
(A) opera by
(B) date (A) appreciate
(C) era (B) resume
(D) music (C) modify
(D) investigate
24. According to the author, what did Jacopo Perf
write? 29. From what did the term "opera" derive?
(A) Greek tragedy (A) Greek and Roman history and mythology
(B) The first opera (B) Non-Italian composers
(C) The opera Maria de Medici (C) The Italian phrase the means "musical works"
(D) The opera The Camerata (D) The ideas of composer Jacopo Perf
30. Which of the following is an example of a solo?
(A) A recitative
(B) A duet
(C) An opera
(D) A lyre

Questions 31-40
According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms on the surface of the sun hurl streams of
solar particles into the atmosphere, causing a shift in the weather on earth.
A typical sunspot consists of a dark central umbra surrounded by a lighter penumbra of
Line light and dark threads extending out from the center like the spokes of a wheel. Actually, the
(5) sunspots are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their color. Typically,
the temperature in a sunspot umbra is about 4000 K, whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers
5500 K, and the granules outside the spot are 6000 K.
Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures with areas stretching for billions of
square miles. About 5 percent of the spots are large enough so that they can be seen
(10) without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for several thousand
years.
Sunspots have been observed in arrangements of one to more than one hundred spots, but they tend
to occur in pairs. There is also a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite magnetic
polarities. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field associated with
(15) any given sunspot is closely related to the spot's size.
Although there is no theory that completely explains the nature and function of sunspots, several
models attempt to relate the phenomenon to magnetic fields along the lines of longitude from the north and
south poles of the sun.

31. What is the author's main purpose in the passage? 36. The sunspot theory is
(A) To propose a theory to explain sunspots (A) not considered very important
(B) To describe the nature of sunspots (B) widely accepted
(C) To compare the umbra and the penumbra in (C) subject to disagreement
sunspots (D) relatively new
(D) To argue for the existence of magnetic
fields in sunspots 37. The word "they" in line 9 refers to
(A) structures
32. The word "controversial" in line 1 is closest in (B) spots
meaning to (C) miles
(A) widely accepted (D) granules
(B) open to debate
(C) just introduced 38. The word "consequently" in line 10 could best be
(D) very complicated replaced by
(A) as a result
33. Solar particles are hurled into space by (B) nevertheless
(A) undetermined causes (C) without doubt
(B) disturbances of wind (D) in this way
(C) small rivers on the surface of the sun
(D) changes in the earth's atmosphere 39. In which configuration do sunspots usually occur?
(A) In one spot of varying size
34. The word "particles" in line 2 refers to (B) In a configuration of two spots
(A) gas explosions in the atmosphere (C) In arrangements of one hundred ors pots
(B) light rays from the sun (D) In groups of several thousand spots
(C) liquid streams on the sun
(D) small pieces of matter from the sun

35. How can we describe matter from the sun that

enters the earth's atmosphere?
(A) Very small
(B) Very hot
(C) Very bright
(D) Very hard
40. How are sunspots explained?
(A) Sunspots appear to be related ton magnetic fields on the earth.
(B) Sunspots may be related to magnetic fields that follow longitudinal lines the sun.
(C) Sunspots are explained by storms that occur on the earth.
(D) Sunspots have no theory or model to explain them.

Questions 41-50
Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned undersea vehicles along with
breakthroughs in satellite technology and computer equipment have overcome some of the limitations of
divers and diving equipment. Without a vehicle, divers often became sluggish
Line and their mental concentration was limited. Because of undersea pressure that affected their
(5) speech organs, communication among divers was difficult or impossible. But today, most oceanographers
make direct observations by means of instruments that are lowered into the ocean, from samples taken
from the water, or from photographs made by orbiting satellites. Direct observations of the ocean floor are
made not only by divers but also by deep-diving submarines and aerial photography. Some of the
submarines can dive to depths of more than
(10) seven miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand feet. In addition, radio-equipped buoys can be
operated by remote control in order to transmit information back to land-based laboratories, often via
satellite. Particularly important are data about water temperature, currents and weather. Satellite
photographs can show the distribution of sea ice, oil slicks, and cloud formations over the ocean. Maps
created from satellite pictures can represent the temperature
(15) and the color of the ocean's surface, enabling researchers to study the ocean currents. Furthermore,
computers help oceanographers to collect and analyze data from submarines and satellites. By creating a
model of the ocean's movement and characteristics, scientists can predict the patterns and possible effects
of the ocean on the environment.
Recently, many oceanographers have been relying more on satellites and computers than
(20) on research ships or even submarine vehicles because they can supply a greater range of information more
quickly and more efficiently. Some of mankind's most serious problems, especially those concerning energy
and food, may be solved with the help of observations made possible by this new technology.

41. With what topic is the passage primarily 45. Undersea vehicles
concerned? (A) are too small for a man to fit inside
(A) Technological advances in oceanography (B) are very slow to respond
(B) Communication among divers (C) have the same limitations that divers have
(C) Direct observation of the ocean floor (D) make direct observations of the ocean Floor
(D) Undersea vehicles

42. The word "sluggish" in line 3 is closest in meaning 46. The word "cruise" in line 10 could best be replaced
to by
(A) nervous (A) travel at a constant speed
(B) confused (B) function without problems
(C) slow moving (C) stay in communication
(D) very weak (D) remain still

43. Divers have had problems in communicating 47. How is a radio-equipped buoy operated?
underwater because (A) By operators inside the vehicle in the part
(A) the pressure affected their speech organs underwater
(B) the vehicles they used have not been perfected (B) By operators outside the vehicle on a ship
(C) they did not pronounce clearly (C) By operators outside the vehicle on a diving
(D) the water destroyed their speech organs platform
(D) By operators outside the vehicle in a laboratory
44. This passage suggests that the successful ex- on shore
ploration of the ocean depends upon
(A) vehicles as well as divers
(B) radios that divers use to communicate
(C) controlling currents and the weather
(D) the limitations of diving equipment
48. Which of the following are NOT shown in satellite photographs?
(A) The temperature of the ocean's surface
(B) Cloud formations over the ocean
(C) A model of the ocean's movements
(D) The location of sea ice

49. The word "those" in line 22 refers to

(A) energy and food
(B) problems
(C) observations
(D) vehicles

50. According to the author, what are some of the problems the underwater studies may eventually resolve?
(A) Weather and temperature control
(B) Food and energy shortages
(C) Transportation and communication problems
(E) Overcrowding and housing problems