Excel 2016 Tables & Pivottables: Benefits of Using Tables

Excel 2016 Tables & PivotTables
A PivotTable is a summary of data on a worksheet that is very useful when there is a lot of data to
analyze. Excel PivotTables offer the ability to gather and present data in a custom, dynamic display. In
addition to presenting information, sorting, filters, and graphs can be added to PivotTables to further
customize the data.
One of the best features of PivotTables is the ability of the data to be reorganized and redisplayed
dynamically, based on what the end result is to be. Even though PivotTables are dynamic, it is best to
plan out an end result for the data, before creating a PivotTable.
It is best practice to format the data as a table before creating a PivotTable. The reason for doing this is
if data ever has to be added to or subtracted from the PivotTable data, a table will automatically adjust
to allow for the newly added, or subtracted data to be displayed in a PivotTable, as long as the data is
refreshed.
Tables
Tables are very beneficial when working with large amounts of data, especially if that data is dynamic,
meaning data is being added to and subtracted from the original data. Tables give a nice visual layout of
the data so it is easier to search out individual rows within a table.
Benefits of using tables:

Integrated Filter and Sort functionality
Header row remains visible while scrolling, as long as the cursor is within the Table
Automatic expansion and subtraction of the table when new data is entered
Automatic reformatting of the table when new data is entered
Automatic adjustment of formulas, charts when new data is entered
To convert data into a Table, make sure the cursor is placed within the data to be
converted into a table and then navigate to the Insert Tab and select Table.
Excel will display a Format As Table dialog box confirming the selection in which the
Table should be applied to. Click OK to create the table
Computer Applications Training 1

Colorado State University
Excel 2016 PivotTables
The data will now change in the way it looks by adding in a distinct header row, with filtering options
applied, as well as colored rows for easy navigation.
To make any changes to a table, the cursor must be located within the table data. Any time the cursor is
within the table data, the Table Tools Design Tab will be displayed on the right side of the ribbon.
On the lower right corner of the table, there is a dark icon, called the Sizing Handle.
The sizing handle indicates the bottom and right sides of the table. It also users to
drag the table to add in more rows and columns, but this is not advised as this may
include blank data by increasing the table size this way.
By default, formatting will be applied to the Table text. To change the color scheme of the Table, make
sure the cursor is within the table and then navigate to the Design Tab within Table Tools. On the right
hand side will be some Table Styles options. To select a new color, simply click on the color option to
apply it to the table. There are more options that can be viewed by clicking on the dropdown menu on
the lower right corner of the Table Styles listed.
Technology Training Center 2

Creating a PivotTable
When creating a PivotTable, make sure that the data is displayed in a tabular layout, with rows and
columns. Make sure the data doesnt have any subtotals, or blank cells within the data. Blank data may
cause issues within the PivotTable, by creating column names or cells to display as (blank).
Tip: It is best practice to convert the data into a table before creating the PivotTable.
Recommended PivotTables
Recommended PivotTables is a feature introduced in Excel 2013, which will provide a
few PivotTable options based on the data in a worksheet. To use the Recommended
PivotTables feature, make sure the cursor is within the data. Navigate to the Insert
tab, and then select the Recommended PivotTables icon.
A new Recommended PivotTable window will appear showing the options that Excel is recommending
for the PivotTable.
Users are able to click on each option to see a preview of how the PivotTable will display. Remember,
every option that is presented may not be suitable for the data, and sometimes none of the options will
work. Recommended PivotTables can be a useful option to use for a starting point for a PivotTable, and
then users are able to alter the data if they so choose. If none of the options that are recommended
seem to work, click on the Blank PivotTable button to create a blank PivotTable and start from scratch.
Tip: Users can still look at Recommended PivotTables in an

existing PivotTable. To do this, make sure the cursor is within
the PivotTable. On the Analyze Tab, click on the
Recommended PivotTables icon, which will bring up the
recommended PivotTables.

Manual PivotTable
To create a PivotTable, make sure the cursor is within the table, which
is preferred, or within the data in the worksheet. Navigate to the Insert
Tab, and then click on the PivotTable icon.
Note: Users may also select the data on the worksheet that is to be in
the PivotTable, then navigate to the Insert tab, and click the PivotTable icon.
The Create PivotTable window appears with a couple of options to look at. In the Select a table or range
textbox, make sure the correct table, or data range, is selected. If the range is incorrect, move the
cursor into the Select a table or range textbox and highlight the contents. Now, navigate back to the
worksheet containing the data that is to be in the PivotTable. Highlight the correct data, by clicking,
holding and dragging to make a selection from the worksheet. This data range with automatically be put
into the Table/Range textbox.
On the bottom of the Create PivotTable window, there is an option to choose where the PivotTable is
placed. The default is to create a new worksheet to place the PivotTable in, which is typically the best
option. If there is a specific worksheet that was already created in the workbook for this new
PivotTable, select the Existing Worksheet and then navigate to the correct worksheet.
When all of the options have been selected, click on the OK button to create the PivotTable

Excel will insert the new PivotTable based on the selection that was checked in the Create PivotTable
window. The new worksheet will look like the screen shot below.
The PivotTable consists of a blank PivotTable, which is located on the left side of the screen, and the
PivotTable Fields (column headings from the original data), on the top, right side of the screen.
Note: To make adjustments to a PivotTable the cursor must be within the PivotTable itself. Any time
the PivotTable is selected, the PivotTable Tools Tab will display on the ribbon. If this tab is not visible,
the cursor is not within the PivotTable.
Add Fields to a PivotTable

The PivotTable Fields can be added to the PivotTable by clicking on the checkbox next to the name, or
they can be drug into the appropriate field section by clicking and holding on a PivotTable field name,
and then dragging that field name into one of the four PivotTable areas listed below the field list.
PivotTable areas;
1. Filters Top-level report filters that are displayed above the PivotTable

2. Columns Display as column labels on the top of the PivotTable. Columns may have
several fields to nest the column labels. Field names on the top of the columns area will
display on the top within the PivotTable.
Single Field within Columns Nested fields within Columns
3. Rows Display as row labels on the left side of the PivotTable. Rows may also have
several fields to nest the row labels.
Single field within Rows Nested fields with Rows
4. Values Display as numeric values within the PivotTable
If the PivotTable isnt displaying the information as intended, users are able to drag fields into
any of the other field areas on the fly by clicking and holding on a Field, and then dragging the
field name into a new area.
Tip: Not every field has to be used when creating a PivotTable, there may be times when only 2 or three
fields are used, and there may be times when all fields are used. This is a major benefit of PivotTables,
they are dynamic so there is no right answer, it all depends on what information is to be displayed.
Removing Fields from a PivotTable
To remove a field name from the PivotTable, uncheck the
field name from Choose fields to add to report area, or click,
hold and drag the field name from the areas section back into
the Fields section.
Changing the Data Source

If a PivotTable was created without using a table, a new data source may
have to be selected if data was added to the original source.
To change the original data source, make sure the cursor is within the
PivotTable, navigate to the Analyze tab from the PivotTable tools tab and
then click on the Change Data Source button. On the change Data Source
window, identify and select the new data range, which may be on a
different worksheet, or workbook.
When the data source has been updated, or changed, click on the OK to reflect those changes in the
PivotTable.
Tip: The Change Data Source option can be used to verify where the original data is located.
Note: If the new data is coming from an external data source, a new PivotTable will have to be created
and the option for External Data Source will have to be selected in the Create PivotTable dialog box.

Deleting a PivotTable from a Worksheet
To delete, or clear all of the data from, a PivotTable make sure the cursor is in
a cell in the PivotTable with data. Navigate to the Analyze tab, click on the
Clear button, and select the Clear All option.
All the PivotTable data and formatting will clear from the PivotTable and the
PivotTable tools will also be reset.
Note: If the Excel window is very narrow, the Clear button may not be visible.
If this is the case, the Clear button will be located under the Actions button.
The steps would be to navigate to the Analyze tab, Actions icon dropdown,
Clear dropdown, and selecting the Clear All option.
Another way to clear data from a PivotTable would be to deselect all of the
fields in the PivotTable task pane.
PivotTable Options
The settings for how a PivotTable will display by
default are located PivotTable options menu.
To get to the PivotTable options, make sure the
cursor is in the PivotTable data, navigate to the
PivotTable Tools Analyze Tab. On the far the
left side of the window, select Options, which is
located under the PivotTable name textbox.
Some settings that are worth looking at are;
Sorting - the default setting for sorting

is to sort the data on how it displays
within the original data source. To
have the PivotTable always be sorted
alphabetically, click on the Display Tab
and change the Field List option on the
bottom.
Refreshing Data By default, the data
within a PivotTable will not update
unless a user manually refreshes the
data. On the Data tab, there is an
option that will automatically refresh
the PivotTable data anytime the file is
opened. This may be a good option to
check just in case the original data has
changed while the PivotTable was
closed.

Tip: Another way to get to PivotTable options is to right click anyplace within a PivotTable and then
select PivotTable options.
Report Layout
By default, a PivotTable is shown in the
Compact Form layout which will have non-
descriptive names for column and row
labels, nor is there an indication of the top
line on a row being the total for that row.
To change the labels to allow for a more

descriptive label for these areas, make sure the
cursor is within the PivotTable, and then
navigate to the Design tab. On the left side of
the Ribbon in the Layout group, there is a
dropdown for Report Layout.
There are a couple of options for the display of

the labels in a PivotTable. Both Outline Form
and Tabular Form will provide a more
descriptive name for both row and cloumn
labels. The major difference between Outline
and Tabular form is tabular form will place more emphasis to Subtotals and Grand Totals within the
PivotTable.
Here is the same PivotTable above shown in Tabular Form. The rows and columns now have descriptive
names and the subtotals are now on the bottom of each Region as their own row, versus being a single
row with the totals shown.

Displaying Subtotals and Grand Totals
By default, the Subtotals and Grand Totals are on within PivotTable options. The Subtotal and Grand
Total tools are located on the PivotTable Design tab of the Ribbon.
Click on the appropriate icon to either show, or not show the totals. The Subtotals can be displayed at
the top of the group, or at the bottom of the group.
Grand totals are also located on the PivotTable Design tab. Grand
Totals can be turned on for Rows and/or columns together, or
separately. Grand Totals will only display at the bottom, or right side,
of the PivotTable.
Grand Totals are set to display by default. To not have the Grand Totals
display by default, right click within the PivotTable and select PivotTable
options. On the PivotTable options window, click on the Totals & Filters
tab and uncheck the option(s) for Grand Totals.

Blank Cells
Blank cells can cause problems within a PivotTable if the data ends up being a
row or column heading. Sometimes, blank data is significant to the data
displayed in the PivotTable, so they are needed to represent the data correctly.
By default, all blank cells within a PivotTable will display as blank.
For example, If the data is showing Sales, it may be best to display the
blank data as a zero and not a blank cell if that is how the original data
was. To change the way blank data displays, go to PivotTable options as
from the PivotTable Tools, Analyze tab, or right click within the
PivotTable and select PivotTable Options.
From the PivotTable Options window, navigate to the Layout & Format
Tab. Within the Format section, make sure there is a checkmark in the
For empty cells show: option and then enter in a zero. By default, this
option is checked, but all cells will display as blank. When the textbox
has been changed to display as a zero, click the OK button on the bottom of the window. Now all blank
cells in the PivotTable display a zero, instead of being blank.
Refreshing Data in a PivotTable

The data within a PivotTable is not automatically updated when the original data has been changed.
Anytime any of the original data is changed, the PivotTable will have to be refreshed in order for the
data to be updated.
To refresh the data in a Pivot table, navigate to the

PivotTable Analyze tab, click on the Refresh icon and then
choose Refresh All.
Note: The difference between Refresh and Refresh all is

that Refresh will just update the data in the cell that the
cursor is located in. Refresh All will refresh all sources
within the current workbook.
Tip: The shortcut to Refresh All is Ctrl-Alt-F5.
The Refresh data can also be turned on to refresh any time

the file is opened from the PivotTable Options tab. On the
PivotTable Tools, Analyze Tab, then select Options, which
will be located under the PivotTable Name text box.
Depending on how wide the Excel window is, Options may not display immediately. If Options isnt
visible, click on the PivotTable icon on the left side of the screen and then select Options.

From the PivotTable Options dialog box, select the Data tab. On the Data tab, select
the Refresh data when opening the file check box.
Note: This will only refresh the data when the file is reopened. There is no option to
automatically refresh the data any time there is a change.
Formatting Data in the PivotTable

When creating a PivotTable, any formatting that was in the source data is not transferred over to the
PivotTable.
To set the formatting for a field or selected fields in a PivotTable,

right click on any cell within the column to format, and select
Number Format. From the Format Cells dialog box, select the
appropriate data type and click the OK button. This will change the
formatting on every cell within the column.
Note: When right clicking on a cell in a PivotTable, there is an option to

format cells. When selecting this option, formatting will only be applied to
the selected cell, not the entire row.

The Field Settings drop down menu can also be accessed from the PivotTable Analyze tab.
1. Make sure the cursor is in a cell in the column to be formatted.

2. Click on the Analyze Tab in the PivotTable Tools Tab.
3. Click on Field Settings on the left side of the screen.
4. On the Value Field Settings Dialog box, select the Number Format button in the lower left side of
the dialog box.
5. On the Format Cells window, select the format for the cell(s)
6. Click OK to apply the changes to the cells.

Changing the Value Settings
By default, Excel will use the Value of sum when a field is added the Value
field in a PivotTable. The Value options can easily be changed to average,
maximum, minimum, and/or count.
From the PivotTable task pane, click on the drop-down of the field that is
currently in the Values section of the PivotTable and then select the Value
Field Settings option. On the Value Settings dialog box, select the
appropriate option. Average, Max, Min and hit the OK button. The data on
the PivotTable will update to reflect the changes.
Show Totals as a percentage

Typically, when creating a PivotTable, the Values will only display a field one time, but by adding in the
same field twice, users are able to change the way the data appears on each field.
For example, to show a breakdown of salary by department as well as the percentage of the total salary
for the entire company, we would add the Salary field to the Values area twice and change the display
for one of the fields. If a PivotTable only has Sum of Salary within the Values area, it will look like this;

To display this field as another display type, click, hold, and drag the Salary from the PivotTable Fields
section into the Values area a second time. The PivotTable will not display as below.
The PivotTable now has two columns with a Sum of Salary. To change the display of the second Salary
value to percentage, right click on a cell in the PivotTable in the Sum of Salary2 column, choose Show
Values As, then choose % of Grant Total.
The PivotTable will now display the Departments, with the

Total Salary per department, as well as the percentage of
the total salary per department.

Renaming Column Field Names
Sometimes the column field names are not very descriptive which can make it tough for individuals to
decipher what is being displayed. For example, in the example above, our column headings look like
this;
When looking at this data, the column headings need a more descriptive name, especially the Sum of
Salary2 column. To change a column heading name, simply click on the cell and type in a new name.
This can be done on any field name within a PivotTable

(column headings from the original data), but the columns
cannot have the same name as a PivotTable field name.
For example, if the Sum of Salary name was changed to
just Salary, Excel would produce an error saying this field
name already exists.
An easy workaround for this is to add a space after the name.
The extra space wont be noticeable to the end user, and Excel will accept the new name since it does
not match a PivotTable field name.

Sorting a PivotTable
Data in a PivotTable can be sorted by using the Ascending or Descending sort options
from the either Data tab, or by selecting the Sort icon from the Home tab, editing
group. To sort the data, position the cursor in the field to be sorted by and select either
the Ascending or Descending Sort icon.
Sorting is done based on the location of the cursor within a PivotTable. To do a multi-level sort, each
field within a field section will have to be sorted individually.
For example, to sort by Department name

and then by employee name in the Rows
area, the department name must be sorted
first. To do this, position the cursor within
one of the department names in the
PivotTable, and then navigate to the Home
tab, click on the Sort and filter button, and select the Sort A to Z option. This will only sort the
Department name alphabetically.
To sort by employee names, click on an

employee name in the PivotTable, and then
navigate to the Home tab, click on the Sort and
filter button, and select the Sort Z to A option.
The data will now show Departments in
Ascending order, and the employee names, under each Department, in Descending
Order.

Drill Down
Drill down will allow users to see what is making up a part of a total within a PivotTable, without having
to add in new Fields into a PivotTable.
If a PivotTable has a column that is displaying a Sum of what makes up the total for the items within that
column. The field that makes up the sum can be easily added to the PivotTable by dragging the field
from the PivotTable field list and adding in the Rows area, or users can use the drill down feature. To
use the drill down feature, simply double click on one of the cells that contains a total.
Excel will create a new sheet to the right of the currently selected sheet. The new sheet will display the
data that makes up the total of the cell that was clicked on.
Note: If the data in the PivotTable ever changes, the drill down sheets will never update, even if the
Refresh all button on the PivotTable Tools, Analyze tab is selected.

Expand/Collapse Data
If the date within a PivotTables has multiple fields within a Row area, there will
be a small + (plus) or (minus) button that will display to the left of
the top Level fields.
The plus or minus buttons indicate if the data is collapsed (plus) or expanded(minus).
To expand or collapse a field, click on the plus or minus button to the left of the field names in
the PivotTable.
Another way to expand or collapse the data is to navigate to the PivotTable Analyze tab, the
then click on the Expand or Collapse icons that are located in the Active Field group, on the left
side of the ribbon.
Note: The cursor must be in the area where multi levels of text exist.

Grouping Data by date/time
A useful feature in a PivotTable is the ability to Group Selections by date and time. Start by positioning
the cursor in a column containing a date or time. Navigate to the PivotTables Analyze tab, and then
select Group Field.
Verify that the Start and End dates are correct in the Grouping window.
Select the date items to use in the grouping. Click on the OK button
when the category has been selected.
Tip: To select two options to group by, left click on the first item and
then press and hold the Ctrl key while left clicking on any other items to
group by.
This is a great tool to use to compare year by year, month by month,

etc.
To turn off grouping, navigate to the PivotTables Design tab and select the Ungroup Data button.
Tip: Grouping options are also located in the context sensitive menu when
you right click your mouse on the date data.

PivotTable Timeline
The Timeline feature, which was new in Excel 2013, allows users to filter a PivotTable by using a
Timeline. In order to use the Timeline feature, the data must have dates.
Place the cursor within the PivotTable that contains dates. Navigate to the PivotTable Analyze Tab, and
then click on the Insert Timeline icon.
Excel will show all timelines that are available based on the data within the PivotTable. Make sure to
place a checkmark in the box next to the field name to display, and then click OK.
The timeline will appear and based on the type of data that is in the PivotTable. To change the size of
the timeline, make sure the timeline is selected and then click, hold and drag on one of the placeholders
to resize the timeline.
On the upper right side, the timeline will display how the data is broken out. To
change this, click on the drop down and selecting the appropriate option.
When the timeline is displayed, users are able to click on the blue bar in order to separate out various
months, years, days, all dependent on how the timeline is displayed. As options are selected on the
timeline, the data in the PivotTable updates to reflect the times that are selected.

To select a range on the timeline, click, hold and drag on the blue bar to make a larger selection.
Creating a Calculated Field

A calculated field is a new field created from fields within a PivotTable that are used with a formula to
preform calculations. The calculated field must reside in the data area. The formulas used are stored in
a dialog box and stored within the PivotTable data.
To create a calculated field, make sure the cursor is within the PivotTable. Navigate to the PivotTable
Analyze tab, click on the Fields, Items & Sets drop down and then select Calculated Fields.

From the Calculated Field dialog box, name the new field that is being created for the calculation. When
a name has been entered, click on the Formula textbox. If there are any values in the textbox, delete
everything except the equals = sign. Now, double click on the fields that are to be included in the
formula. Make sure to include an addition, subtraction, etc. sign between each field so Excel knows
what to do to the fields.
Click OK when the formula is complete.
A new column will be added to the right of the PivotTable, with the calculated display.

Editing a Calculated Field
To edit a calculated field, make sure the cursor is within the PivotTable. From the PivotTable Analyze
tab, click on the Fields, Items & Sets drop-menu and select Calculated Fields.
From the Insert Calculated Field window, select any calculated field that is within the PivotTable by
clicking on the dropdown in the Name field. The Formula will appear in the Formula text box where any
edits can be made to the fields, type of calculation, etc.
When the changes have been made, click on the OK button.
Tip: Static Numbers into the formula as well. To add $10,000 to each Total, add a + 10000 to the
formula.

Printing PivotTables
Insert a Page Break after a Row Label
If the data within the PivotTable has more than one row label, meaning there are multiple categories on
the left side of a PivotTable, a page break can be added at each row label so when the PivotTable is
printed, each new category will have its own page.
To add a page break, right click the mouse on a column label and then select Field settings from the
Context Sensitive Menu.
Tip: The Field Settings tool is also location on the PivotTable Design tab.
From the Field Settings dialog box, select the Print and Layout tab. Select the check box to insert a page
break after each item. This will mean that any time a new column label appears, there will be a new
page printed.

Print Titles in a Report
By default, the Titles on the top of a PivotTable will only print on the
first page.
To print the column headings every page that is printed, right click
within the PivotTable and select PivotTable Options from the Menu.
Tip: PivotTable Options is also located on the PivotTable Design tab,

PivotTable Options drop-down menu.
From the PivotTables Options dialog box, select the Print tab. Select the check box next to Set Print
titles and then Click OK. This will make the first row repeat on each page that is printed.

Insert the PivotTable Chart
Data in a PivotTable can easily be converted to a chart for a better visual display. Make sure the cursor
is within the PivotTable and then select the PivotChart button in the Tools Group.
The Insert Chart window appears giving which will display all of the chart options that are available. To
get a preview of a chart, click on the chart type on the left hand side. The preview of the chart will
display in the Preview window.
When the correct chart is selected, click the OK button to add the chart to the worksheet.

Editing a PivotChart
To change the Style, Color, layout, etc. of a PivotChart, click
on the options that are on the right side of the chart, just
outside the chart area
The plus icon gives the option to add in Chart Elements to

the chart, such as the Chart Title, Data Labels, etc.
The paintbrush icon, will include options for the Chart

Styles and the chart colors.
Note: Each chart type will display the styles differently.

Remember to use the scrollbar to see all options that
are available for a particular chart type.
To change the color of the chart, click on the Color tab

to select a new color scheme.

Using the Slicer Tool with the PivotTable
The Slicer tool is used in conjunction with the PivotTable/PivotChart. The Slicer tool offers more of a
visual display as to how the data is grouped in the PivotTable/PivotChart.
To insert a Slicer, make sure the cursor is within the PivotTable. Navigate to the PivotTable Analyze tab
and then click on the Insert Slicer button.
The Insert Slicers window will appear which will display all fields that are in the PivotTable. Place a
checkmark next to the field(s) to add a slicer. When the selections have been made, click OK.
Excel will not add each item selected as its own window.
The slicer tool behaves as a visual filter where users simply click on the option(s) to be displayed in the
PivotTable or PivotChart.
To use the slicers, simply click on the item to display. When an item is selected (highlighted) the
PivotTable will update to reflect what was selected.
To remove a slicer filter, click on the Clear Filter icon in the upper right of the slicer to reset the
filter.

To delete a slicer after it is added, click on the slicer to select it and hit the delete key.
To add a new slicer, go back to the Insert Slicer icon and place a checkmark next to the field to be added
as a slicer.
To change the color of the slicers, make sure the slicer is selected. From the Slicer Tools, Options tab,
you are able to select different color options for your slicer.


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Excel 2016 Tables & PivotTables

Benefits of using tables:

Computer Applications Training 1

Technology Training Center 2

Tip: Users can still look at Recommended PivotTables in an

Technology Training Center 3

Technology Training Center 4

Add Fields to a PivotTable

Technology Training Center 5

Single Field within Columns Nested fields within Columns

Single field within Rows Nested fields with Rows

4. Values Display as numeric values within the PivotTable

Changing the Data Source

Technology Training Center 7

Some settings that are worth looking at are;

Sorting - the default setting for sorting

Technology Training Center 8

To change the labels to allow for a more

There are a couple of options for the display of

Technology Training Center 9

Technology Training Center 10

Refreshing Data in a PivotTable

To refresh the data in a Pivot table, navigate to the

Note: The difference between Refresh and Refresh all is

Tip: The shortcut to Refresh All is Ctrl-Alt-F5.

The Refresh data can also be turned on to refresh any time

Technology Training Center 11

Formatting Data in the PivotTable

To set the formatting for a field or selected fields in a PivotTable,

Note: When right clicking on a cell in a PivotTable, there is an option to

Technology Training Center 12

1. Make sure the cursor is in a cell in the column to be formatted.

Technology Training Center 13

Show Totals as a percentage

Technology Training Center 14

The PivotTable will now display the Departments, with the

Technology Training Center 15

This can be done on any field name within a PivotTable

An easy workaround for this is to add a space after the name.

Technology Training Center 16

For example, to sort by Department name

To sort by employee names, click on an

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This is a great tool to use to compare year by year, month by month,

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Creating a Calculated Field

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Click OK when the formula is complete.

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When the changes have been made, click on the OK button.

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Tip: PivotTable Options is also located on the PivotTable Design tab,

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The plus icon gives the option to add in Chart Elements to