GSM Interview Question -Answer

1. What is the function of SDCCH & SACCH?

Ans. (a) SDCCH---- Slow Dedicated Control Channel.

Function----
a) Location updates
b) SMS
c) Ciphering Initiation
d) Equipment Validation
e) Subscriber authentation
f) Call set up signaling

(b) SACCH---Slow Associated Control Channel.

Function:
(a) Timing advance data
(b) Transmit power control
(c) transmission of signaling data
(d) radio link supervision measurements
2. What are the reasons for Hand Overs?
(Ans) . (a) Signal Strength (RX LEVEL)
(b) Signal Quality (RX Qual)
(c) Power Budget
(d)Timing Advance.
(e) Interference
2. What are the shortcomings in handovers?

a) Call Dropping.
b) Ping- Pong handover
c) Far- Away cell effect
4. What is intelligent hand over?

Ans)Fuzzy logic
a) Neutral networks

5. What are internal & external hand over?

Ans
(1)INTERNAL HANDOVER
a) ( INTER BTS) ---- Transfer between two channels
(time slot) in same cell.
b) ( INTRA BSC ( BTS BTS)-----1 . transfer between BTS under control
of same Bsc
2 Measuring the quality of radio connection
3 Power levels

2. EXTERNAL HANDOVER.

( a) INTER BSC (BSC_ BSC)---- 1. Transfer between BTS

under
 the control of diff
BSC
2. BSC TO BSC
3 . NSS to attends the hand
over
4. MSC controls.

( b) INTER MSC ( MSC- MSC) ----1. transfer between

cell under the control of diff MSC

.What is the frequency Hopping its imp?

(Ans)
It is defined as sequential change of carrier frequency on the radio
link between mobile & base station.
Two types of freq hopping----- 1. Base band freq hopping.
2. synthesized frequency hopping.

7. Explain the major diff between BBH & SFH?

Ans
In BBH the no of hopping freq is same as no of TRX.
In SFH the no of Hoping freq can be in the range of 1to 63.

8. what are the advantages of Frequency Hopping?

1. Frequency Diversity
2. Interference Averaging
3. capacity

9. How in frequency hopping there is enhancement of network capacity?

Freq hopping implement will enable more aggressive freq reuse

pattern, that leads to better spectrum efficiency.
It can add more transceiver in the existing sites , while maintaing
the net work quality/
Freq hopping compressing the available spectrum to make room
for extra capacity
.
10. Define the freq. hopping parameters?

Frequency Hopping Parameters

GSM defines the following set of parameters:

Mobile Allocation (MA): Set of frequencies the mobile is allowed to hop

over. Maximum of 63 frequencies can be defined in the MA list.

Hopping Sequence Number (HSN): Determines the hopping order used in the
cell. It is possible to assign 64 different HSNs. Setting HSN = 0 provides cyclic hopping
sequence and HSN = 1 to 63 provide various pseudo-random hopping sequences.
 Mobile Allocation Index Offset (MAIO): Determines inside the hopping
sequence, which frequency the mobile starts do transmit on. The value of MAIO
ranges between 0 to (N-1) where N is the number of frequencies defined in the MA
list. Presently MAIO is set on per carrier basis.

Motorola has defined an additional parameter, FHI.

Hopping Indicator (FHI): Defines a hopping system, made up by an associated
set of frequencies (MA) to hop over and sequence of hopping (HSN). The value of FHI
varies between 0 to 3. It is possible to define all 4 FHIs in a single cell.

Motorola system allows to define the hopping system on a per timeslot basis. So
different hopping configurations are allowed for different timeslots. This is very
useful for interference averaging and to randomize the distribution of errors.

11. What are the effects of freq hopping?

(Ans)

1 Handovers:

2 Call setup:

3 Frame Erasure Rate (FER):

12 .Explain in brief what is FER.

Ans FER= Number of erased blocks\ total no of blocks *100
It is the right measure of voice quality.
FER is performed on speech& signaling frames
FER------- 0 to 4%, GOOD.
4 to 15% , slightly degraded
Greater than 15%, useless

13. What happens when speech frames discarded in FER?

System will interpolate.

14. What happens when signaling frames discarded in FER?

MS is instructed to resend.

15. What is TCH_ TCH Interference? How it is measured.

When TCH carries are reused that leads to co-channel interference.

When TCH carrier have call activity.

This is measured by delta measurement. --- 1. BCCH carries are diff

2. TCH carriers in both cell 1& cell2 are same AFRCN TCH

16. Define the terms?

BER--- The number of erroneous bits received

 Total no of bits received.
RBER---1 Residual bit error rate
2 It is performed on demodulated speech frames that are not
mark corrupt
.BFI -- Bad frame indication.

17. Explain the parameters in TEMS POCKET mobile.

L BC BS RXLEV
L TC TS TX
C/I RQ FE

TA DSC CHM

RH CiMd
MCC MNC LAC

RA CI

1.
2. Llcell BCCH ARFCN
3.

4.

5.
L1. Logical channel.----- BCCH

L2. Logical channel ----- TCH

BC-- serving cell BCCH AFRCN.

BS-- base station identity code.

RXLEV- recieved signal strength

TC-- traffic channel

TS - time slot number.

TX - transmit power

C/I -- Carrier to interference ratio in db

RQ -- Receive bit error rate

FE frame erasure rate.

 TA -- Timing advance

CHM --C hannel Mode

RH -- cell reselction Hystresis

CiMdCiphering mode

RAC Routing area code.

LACLocation area code.

18. Explain the analysis behind RX Qual.?

RX Qual is the basic measure. It reflects the average BER over the
certain period of time(0.5s)

RX QUAL done over 104 TDMA frames.

Limitation of RXQUAL---- 1. The distributions of bit error over time.

2. Frame erasure
3. Hand over.
19. What are type of interference occur?
1. Co- channel interference.
2. Adj-channel interference.
3. Near end- Far end interference.

20. What is ERLANG?

Unit of telephone traffic intensity is called Erlang.

One ERLANG is one channel occupied continuously for one hour.
1E = 64Kbps.

21. what do you mean by GOS?

It is the probabity of having a call blocked during busiest hour.

Ex GOS=0.05 means one call in 20 will be blocked call during busiest
hour because of insufficient capacity.

22. What are the technique GSM offers which combat Multipath fading?

Equalization
Diversity
Freq Hopping
Interleaving
Channel coding

23. What are control &traffic channels?

CONTROL CHANNEL.----1 BCH

 2. CCCH
3. DCCH.

TRAFFIC CHANNEL-- Half rate

Full rate

EFR == Enhanced full

rate.

24. What are BCH, CCH, DCCH channels?

BCH-- 1. BCCH
2 .FCCH
3. SCH

CCCH. --- 1.PCH

2. AGCH
3. RACH

DCCH---- 1.SDCCH.
2. SACCH
3. FACCH
25. What are types of bursts?

Normal Burst
Frequency Correction Burst
Synchronization Burst.
Dummy Burst
Access Burst.
26. What is adjacent channel separation in GSM?
Urban Environment-------- 200khz
Sub Urban Environment ---- 400khz
Open environment ----- 800khz

27. What is the watt to dBm conversions?

Power in dBm = 10 log( watts *100)
0 dBm= 1mili watt
1watt = 30dbm
28. What are the optimizations you have done during Drive Test?

What are samples in gsm?

Which modulation take place in GSM

In one TRU how many frames are there?

What is the value RXLEV of neighboring cell?

What do you mean by VAD?

 What is BFI, where it is use?

2929. Define the hopping parameters in detail?

The MA is a list of hopping frequencies transmitted to a mobile every time it is

assigned to a hopping physical channel. The MA-list is a subset of the CA list. The MA-
list is automatically generated if the baseband hopping is used. If the network utilises
the RF hopping, the MA-lists have to be generated for each cell by the network
planner. The MA-list is able to point to 64 of the frequencies defined in the CA list.
However, the BCCH frequency is also included in the CA list, so the practical maximum
number of frequencies in the MA-list is 63. The frequencies in the MA-list are required
to be in increasing order because of the type of signaling used to transfer the MA-list.
1.1 Hopping Sequence Number
The Hopping Sequence Number (HSN) indicates which hopping sequence of the
64 available is selected. The hopping sequence determines the order in which the
frequencies in the MA-list are to be used. The HSNs 1 - 63 are pseudo random
sequences used in the random hopping while the HSN 0 is reserved for a sequential
sequence used in the cyclic hopping. The hopping sequence algorithm takes HSN and
FN as an input and the output of the hopping sequence generation is aMobile
Allocation Index (MAI) which is a number ranging from 0 to the number of frequencies
in the MA-list subtracted by one. The HSN is a cell specific parameter. For the
baseband hopping two HSNs exists. The zero time slots in a BB hopping cell use the
HSN1 and the rest of the time slots follow the HSN2 as presented in Error! Reference
source not found.. All the time slots in RF hopping cell follow the HSN1 as presented in
Error! Reference source not found..
1.2 Mobile Allocation Index Offset
When there is more than one TRX in the BTS using the same MA-list the Mobile
Allocation Index Offset (MAIO) is used to ensure that each TRX uses always an unique
frequency. Each hopping TRX is allocated a different MAIO. MAIO is added to MAI when
the frequency to be used is determined from the MA-list. Example of the hopping
sequence generation is presented in Error! Reference source not found.. MAIO and
HSN are transmitted to a mobile together with the MA-list. In Nokia solution the
MAIOoffset is a cell specific parameter defining the MAIOTRX for the first hopping TRX in a
cell. The MAIOs for the other hopping TRXs are automatically allocated according to
the MAIOstep -parameter introduced in the following section.
30. What is the effect of frequency hopping in RXQual?
Frequency hopping causes some changes in the RXQUAL distribution. Also,
there are some differences in a way the RXQUAL distribution should be interpreted.
The Frame Erasure Ratio (FER) is a ratio of discarded speech frames compared
to all the received speech frames. A speech frame is generally discarded if after the
decoding and error correction process any of the category 1a bits is found to be
changed based on the three parity bits following them in a speech frame.
FER is a measure of how successfully the speech frame was received after
the error correction process and it is thus a better indication of the subjective speech
quality compared to the RXQUAL which gives an estimate of the link quality in terms of
BER. The RXQUAL doesnt indicate how the bit errors were distributed in a speech
frame. The bit error distribution affects the ability of the channel decoding to correct
the errors.
 The following table gives an idea of the correlation between RXQUAL and FER
and between subjective speech quality and different FER classes.

31. What is the relation link between RXQUAL& FER?

Table 1. RXQUAL vs. FER comparison according to the laboratory tests.

The relation of downlink FER and RXQUAL was measured during a FH trial. The
relation is clearly different in the hopping case compared to the non-hopping case.
The distributions of FER in each RXQUAL class are presented in Error! Reference
source not found. and Error! Reference source not found.. One clear observation can
be made; in the non-hopping case there are significant amount of samples indicating
deteriorated quality (FER>10%) in RXQUAL class 5 while in the hopping case the
significant quality deterioration (FER>10%) happens in RXQUAL class 6. Thus, it may be
concluded that in the frequency hopping networks significant quality deterioration
starts at RXQUAL class 6 while in non-hopping network this happens at RXQUAL class 5.
This improvement of FER means that the higher RXQUAL values may be allowed
in a frequency hopping network. RXQUAL thresholds are used in the handover and
power control decisions. Because of the improvement in the relative reception
performance on the RXQUAL classes 4-6, the RXQUAL thresholds affecting handover
and power control decisions should be set higher in a network using frequency hopping
network. In a frequency hopping network RXQUAL classes 0-5 are indicating good
quality.

Typically, the share of the RXQUAL classes 6 and 7 may increase after FH is
switched on, even if no other changes have been made. This may seem to be
surprising since it is expected that frequency hopping improves the network quality.
However, in most cases the quality is actually improved, but the improvement is more
visible in the call success ratio. The improved tolerance against interference and low
field strength in FH network means that it is less likely that the decoding of SACCH
frames fails causing increment in the radio link timeout counter. Thus, it is less likely
that a call is dropped because of the radio link timeout. Instead, the calls generating
high RXQUAL samples tend to stay on. This may lead to increase in the share of
RXQUAL 6-7. However, at the same time the call success rate is significantly improved.
 In the Error! Reference source not found., there are presented some trial
results of a DL RXQUAL distribution with different frequency allocation reuse patterns.
As can be seen from the figures, the tighter the reuse becomes, the less samples fall in
quality class 0 and more samples fall in quality classes 1-6. Theres bigger difference in
downlink than in uplink direction.

This difference is a consequence of interference and frequency diversities that

affect the frequency hopping network. Because of these effects, the interference or
low signal strength tend to occur randomly, while in a non-hopping network it is
probable that interference or low field strength will affect several consecutive bursts
making it harder for the error correction to actually correct errors. The successful
error correction leads to less erased frames and thus improves the FER.
32. What do you understand by idle channel measurement?

When a new call is established or a handover is performed, the BSC

selects the TRX and the time slot for the traffic channel based on the idle channel
interference measurements. The frequency hopping has a significant effect on the idle
channel interference measurement results.

When the frequency hopping is used, the frequency of a hopping logical

channel is changed about 217 times in a second. The frequency of the idle time slots
changes according to the same sequence.

In a case of the random hopping, this means that the measured idle channel
interference is likely to be the same for all the TRXs that use the same MA-list. If the
interference is averaged over more than one SACCH frame, the averaging effect is
even stronger. However, normally the interferers are mobiles located in interfering
cells. In this case, there are probably differences in the measured idle channel
interferences between different time slots in the cell. This happens, because the
interfering mobiles are only transmitting during the time slot that has been allocated
to them. This is illustrated in Figure Error! No text of specified style in document.-1.

If the cyclic hopping sequence is used, there might occur differences on the
measured idle channel interference levels between the TRXs on the same time slot as
explained in the following section.

Figure Error! No text of specified style in document.-1. Idle channel

interference in a case of the random RF hopping

33 .what are types of handover?

There are four different types of handover in the GSM system, which involve
transferring a call between:
Channels (time slots) in the same cell
Cells (Base Transceiver Stations) under the control of the same Base
Station Controller (BSC),
Cells under the control of different BSCs, but belonging to the
sameMobile services Switching Center (MSC), and
Cells under the control of different MSCs.
34. what are important parameter of power saving in GSM
Discontinuous transmission
 Minimizing co-channel interference is a goal in any cellular system, since it
allows better service for a given cell size, or the use of smaller cells, thus increasing
the overall capacity of the system. Discontinuous transmission (DTX) is a method that
takes advantage of the fact that a person speaks less that 40 percent of the time in
normal conversation [22], by turning the transmitter off during silence periods. An
added benefit of DTX is that power is conserved at the mobile unit.
The most important component of DTX is, of course, Voice Activity Detection. It
must distinguish between voice and noise inputs, a task that is not as trivial as it
appears, considering background noise. If a voice signal is misinterpreted as noise, the
transmitter is turned off and a very annoying effect called clipping is heard at the
receiving end. If, on the other hand, noise is misinterpreted as a voice signal too
often, the efficiency of DTX is dramatically decreased. Another factor to consider is
that when the transmitter is turned off, there is total silence heard at the receiving
end, due to the digital nature of GSM. To assure the receiver that the connection is
not dead, comfort noise is created at the receiving end by trying to match the
characteristics of the transmitting end's background noise.

Discontinuous reception
Another method used to conserve power at the mobile station is discontinuous
reception. The paging channel, used by the base station to signal an incoming call, is
structured into sub-channels. Each mobile station needs to listen only to its own sub-
channel. In the time between successive paging sub-channels, the mobile can go into
sleep mode, when almost no power is used.
All of this increases battery life considerably when compared to analog

: What is Tri-band and Dual-band?

A: A tri-band phone operates at three supported frequencies, such as 900/1800/1900 MHz or

850/1800/1900 MHz. A dual-band phone operates at two frequencies, such as 850/1900 MHz or
900/1800
 In the following questions, please select one alternative which you think is the best answer for the
particular question.

Q1. SMS broadcast is done over which channel

1. SDCCH
2. BCCH
3. TCH
4. A&C

Q2. The parameter number of Slot Spread Trans (SLO)(BTS) is used to allocate a number of CCCH blocks
for .

a) Paging Channel (PCH)

b) Random Access Channel (RACH)
c) Access Grant Channel (AGCH)
d) Traffic Channel

Q3. Which of the following comment is true?

a) MAIO step is used to avoid intra-cell interference where as HSN is used to avoid inter-cell interference
b) HSN is used to avoid intra-cell interference where as MAIO step is used to avoid inter-cell interference
c) Both MAIO step and HSN are used to avoid intra-cell interference.
d) Both MAIO step and HSN are used to avoid inter-cell interference

Q4. Timer T200 is related with which KPI

a) SDCCH Completion rate

b) Paging success rate
c) TCH assignment success rate
d) All of the above

Q5. Which parameter defines how often paging messages are sent to MS?

a) No of Multi-frames between Paging (MFR)

b) Max No of Retransmission (RET)
c) No of Slots Spread Transmission (SLO)
d) No of Blocks for Access Grant (AG)

Q6. Which parameter is used as a margin to prevent ping-pong location updates?

a) PLMN-Permitted (PLMN)
b) Rx Level Access Minimum (RXP)
c) Cell Reselect Hysteresys (HYS)
d) Handover Margin Level (LMRG)
Q7. Which Parameter describes the minimum received field strength required by an MS to get any service
from the network in that cell in Idle mode?

a) PLMN-Permitted (PLMN)
b) Rx Level Access Minimum (RXP)
c) Cell Reselect Hysteresis (HYS)
d) Direct Access Level (DAL)

Q8. When is location updates carried out?

a) Every time an MS changes its location area under one MSC.

b) Every time an MS changes between two different MSCs
c) On a periodic basis set by a timer
d) All of the above

Q9. Increasing Radio Link Time Out (RLT) from 16 to 24 will improve following KPI

a) SDCCH Completion rate

b) TCH Completion rate
c) Paging Success rate
d) All of the above

Q10. If a cell is having TCH congestion, which of the following is true?

a) It is having TCH blocking

b) It may have TCH blocking.
c) It is having TCH Drop.
d) All of the above

Q11. Which of the parameter is set to zero for cyclic hopping?

a) BTS Hopping (HOP)

b) Hopping sequence number (HSN)
c) MAIO Offset (MAIO)
d) All of the above

Q12. What is directed retry?

a) A feature that allows a recovery system to restore a BCCH to its original TRX after fault has been
eliminated.
b) It is designed to control the traffic load of a frequency hopping radio network in which frequencies are
reused tightly.
c) It is used in call set up to assign a TCH to an MS from a cell outside the serving cell due to TCH congestion
 d) None of the above

Q13. Which of the following is measured as BER?

a) Received Signal Quality (RX QUAL)

b) Speech Quality Index (SQI)
c) Voice Quality
d) All of above

Q14. Polarization is characterized by

1. Direction of Magnetic Field

2. Direction of Electric Field
3. Direction of Electromagnetic Field
4. None of Above.

Q15 Which one is correct for TMA, TMB and Repeater?

1. Amplifies U/L, Amplifies D/L, and Amplifies both.

2. Amplifies D/L, Amplifies U/L, and Amplifies both.
3. Amplifies U/L, Amplifies D/L, and Amplifies U/L.
4. Amplifies U/L, Amplifies D/L, and Amplifies D/L.

Q16 Define Beam width of Antenna?

1. Angular distance between the points on two opposite sides of the peak direction
where the radiation intensity drops to the 1/2 of the peak intensity.
2. Angular distance between the points on two opposite sides of the peak direction
where the radiation intensity drops to the 1/3 of the peak intensity.
3. Angular distance between the points on two opposite sides of the peak direction
where the radiation intensity drops to the 1/4 of the peak intensity.
4. Angular distance between the points on two opposite sides of the peak direction
where the radiation intensity drops to the 1/8 of the peak intensity.

Q17 From which technique we cancel the effect of Rayleigh Fading?

1. Antenna Hoping.
2. Frequency Hoping.
3. Antenna Diversity.
 4. MAIO.

Q18 If HLR=5 Million subs, VLR/HLR=0.7,mErl/Sub=30.Then how much Capacity is required to cater
the subscriber in RF for 70% utilized Network.

1. 150 K Erl
2. 300 K Erl
3. 135 K Erl
4. 165 K Erl

Q19 Electrical Tilt antenna limits coverage through?

1. Tilting of Dipoles.
2. Inserting Phase Shift.
3. Inserting attenuation.
4. None of the above.

Q20 Which Antenna has the highest front to back Ratio?

1. Loop
2. Yagi
3. Dipole
4. Parabolic

Q21 Select relation between forward power and Reflected Power if load is not connected?

1. VSWR=1
2. VSWR=
3. VSWR=0
4. VSWR=1/2

Q22 What is the difference between splitter and coupler?

1. Even Distribution of Power in coupler and uneven distribution in splitter.

2. Uneven Distribution of Power in coupler and even distribution in splitter.
3. Even Distribution of Power in both.
4. Uneven Distribution of Power in both.

Q23. What are mobility management states in GPRS?

1. Idle,Standby,Ready
2. Dedicated,Standby,Ready
3. Idle,Dedicated,Standby
 4. None of above

Q24. Which modulation is used for EDGE above MCS-4

1. QPSK
2. GMSK
3. 8PSK
4. PSK

Q25. What does SGSN stands for?

1. Serving Gateway Support node

2. Serving GPRS Support node
3. Serving GMSC Support node
4. None of the above

Q26 In dedicated mode, SMS comes on which channel?

a) SDCCH.
b) SACCH.
c) FACCH.
d) None of the above.

Q27 In Dedicated Mode, MS receives which system info. Messages?

1. System Info 1, 2, 3.
2. System Info 1, 2, 3,4,13.
3. System Info 5, 6.
4. None of the above.

Q28 Freq used in Uplink of Satellite communication is higher while in GSM it is lower. Why?

1. Loss freq.
2. Loss 1/freq.
3. Loss sqr(freq)
4. None of the above.

Q29 AMR is used to improve?

1. SQI
2. Downlink quality.
3. Uplink Quality
 4. None of the Above.

Q30 In Idle Mode, MS receives which system info. Messages?

a) System Info 1, 2,3.

b) System Info 1, 2, 3,4,13.
3. System Info 5, 6.
d) None of the above

Q31 The Common Control channel multiframe consists of?

1. 51 time slots.
2. 50 timeslots
3. 4 Time slots
4. 9 Time slots

Q32 Which of the following are true?

1. Type 1 Paging: can address up to 2 mobiles using either IMSI or TMSI.

2. Type 2 Paging: can address up to 3 mobiles, one by IMSI and the other 2 by TMSI.
3. Type 3 Paging: can address up to 4 mobiles using the TMSI only.
4. All of the above.

Q33 In GSM while performing handover

1. The MS breaks connection from source cell and then tunes on the target cell.
2. The MS continues connection from the source, tunes on the target and then releases
the source cell.
3. MS gets paging message from the target and replies it on its RACH and gets TCH
allocated.
4. MS gets paging message from the target and replies it on its RACH and gets SDCCH
allocated.

Q34 If E-RACH is used then which of the following is true?

1. GSM range will increase beyond 35Km

2. It will increase no of RACH channels and release congestion on RACH.
3. SDCCH assignment will improve.
4. All above are false.

Q35 In dedicated mode the BTS receives handover command on?

1. TCH
 2. SDCCH
3. SACCH
4. FACCH

Q36 The duration of a single timeslot is?

1. 4.615 ms
2. 1250 ms
3. 0.577 ms
4. 156.25 ms

Q37 Modulation used in GSM radio interface is?

1. Phase shift keying (PSK)

2. Gaussian Minimum shift Keying (GMSK)
3. Frequency modulation.
4. 8PSK.

Q38 TIE stands for?

1. Terminal Equipment identifier

2. Transcoder Input Erlang
3. TRX identifier for Edge TRX
4. None of the above

Q39 As per GSM Standard in case of frequency hopping the C/I value should be at least?

1. 3 dB
2. 6 dB
3. 9 dB
4. 12 dB

Q40 In inter BSC handover the handover is controlled by?

1. GMSC
2. MSC
3. Source BSC
4. Target BSC

Q41 The maximum no of neighbors that can be defined with a cell is?
 1. 8
2. 16
3. 32
4. 64

Q42 The permissible value of VSWR for feeder cable is?

1. < 1.3
2. >1.3
3. >1
4. <2

Q43 The function of Transcoder is

1. To convert 64 kbps speech channel on A interface to 16 kbps speech channel on A-

ter Interface and vice versa.
2. To convert 16 kbps speech channel on A interface to 64 kbps speech channel on A-
ter Interface and vice versa.
3. To convert analogue speech signal from MSC to Digital signal for use of BSC
4. To convert analogue speech signal from BSC to Digital signal for use of MSC

Q44 TSC stands for

1. Time Synchronized Channel

2. Temporary subscriber code
3. Transcoder Signaling Controller
4. Training Sequence Code

Q45 If Cell bar is set to yes on a cell then

1. It will reject new calls as well as handover calls

2. It will reject new call assignment but will receive calls by Handover
3. It will reject Handover but allow new call to come
4. The BTS will go into locked state.

Q46 DAP stands for

1. Dual Abis pool

2. Dynamic Allocation protocol
3. Dynamic Abis Pool
4. None of the above
Q47 Who can initiate the GPRS detach

1. The MS only
2. The SGSN only
3. Both the MS and the SGSN
4. None of the above

Q48 The mapping of logical name/Host name to IP addresses in the GPRS network is done by

1. Border Gateway
2. SGSN
3. GGSN
4. DNS

Q49 Where is the mobility management context established in GPRS

1. In the MSC
2. In the SGSN
3. In the GGSN
4. All of the above

Q50 Which layer uses the functionality of Uplink State Flag (USF)?

1. RLC Layer
2. Physical Layer
3. MAC Layer
4. All of the above

Q51 How many TDMA frames are there in a PDCH multiframe?

1. 51
2. 52
3. 26
4. 8

Q52 Which coding scheme does not use Forward Error Correction (FEC)?

1. CS-1
2. CS-2
3. CS-3
4. CS-4
Q53 Which new area is defined in GPRS compared to GSM?

1. Location Area
2. Routing Area
3. Both a and b
4. None of the above

Q54 Which layer is responsible for segmentation and reassembly of LLC PDUs and backward error
correction (BEC) procedures?

1. Physical Layer
2. Application Layer
3. RLC Layer
4. MAC Layer

Q55 Which coding scheme has adopted the same coding as used for SDCCH?

1. CS-1
2. CS-2
3. CS-3
4. CS-4

Q56 What is the single timeslot data rate for coding scheme CS-2

1. 7.8 Kbit/s
2. 10.4 Kbit/s
3. 13.4 Kbit/s
4. 21.4 Kbit/s

Q57. Combiner works in

a) Downlink direction
b) Uplink direction
c) In both direction
d) As a Amplifier

Q58 Number of AMR codec modes used only in FR?

 1. 6
2. 4
3. 2
4. 8

Q59 During conference call which channel is used to establish another call-

1. SACCH
2. SDCCH
3. FACCH
4. TCH

Q60 What is Duplex spacing.

1. Difference between first frequency of Uplink and last frequency of Downlink.

2. Difference between first frequency of Downlink and first frequency of Uplink.
3. Difference between last frequency of Downlink and first frequency of Uplink.
4. None of the above.

Q61 What does MSRN stands for .

1. Mobile Station Registration Number

2. Mobile System Registration Number
3. Mobile Station Roaming Number
4. Mobile Station Register Number.

Q62. If my MCC=404, MNC=05, LAC=100, CI = 14011, then what will be CGI for same??

1. 4040510014011
2. 404056436BB
3. 4040514433273
4. 4040510033273

Q63. Which information is there in Handover Access Command in Layer 3 Message?

1. BCCH & BSIC of Source

2. BCCH & BSIC of Target
3. Handover Reference Value
4. All of above.

Q64 What is the use of Immediate Assignment Extended Command?

 1. Allocate AGCH for 2 Mobiles
2. Allocate SDCCH for 3 Mobiles
3. Allocate SDCCH for Call and SMS simultaneously.
4. None of Above.

Q65. What is the cause value for normal call release?

1. 16
2. 3
3. 14
4. 45

Q66. Location Update Request falls under which management system?

1. RRM
2. CM
3. CRM
4. MM

Q67. Which system information message contains NCC Permitted Values?

1. SI 6
2. SI 2
3. All of Above.
4. None of Above.

Q68. When timer T3212 expires which process is initiated?

1. Cell Update
2. RAC Update
3. LAC Update
4. Handover

Q69. If AMR FR & AMR HR is enabled in network, then what will be the formula for counting GSM FR
Traffic with help of EOSFLX KPI Reports ?
1. Total Traffic AMR FR Traffic
2. Total Traffic AMR FR Traffic - AMR HR Traffic
3. Total Traffic GSM HR Traffic AMR FR Traffic AMR HR Traffic
4. None of Above.

Q70. By reducing value of RET parameter it will help to improve which KPI?
1. TCH Drop
 2. SDCCH Drop
3. HO Success
4. None of above.

Q71. What is the range of AMH TRHO PBGT Margin parameter?

1. -6 to +6, 255
2. -24 to +24, 255
3. -6 to +24, 255
4. +6 to +24, 255

Q72. What is the relation between HO Load Factor and HO Priority Level?
1. Load Factor > Priority Level
2. Load Factor >= Priority Level
3. Load factor < Priority Level
4. Load Factor <=Priority Level

Q73. Which are the basic features helps to distribute traffic in nearby cells?
1. DR
2. IDR
3. AMH
4. All of above

Q74. Using Multi BCF Common BCCH feature operator can expand how many numbers of TRX in
one segment without using another BCCH?
1. 16
2. 24
3. 30
4. 36

Q75. While Using Path loss Criterion C2 which parameter should be made 0 so that this particular
cell have higher C2 Value even though having poor C1?
1. CRO
2. TEO
3. Penalty Time
4. None of above.
Q76. Common BCCH feature is implemented in network, then which feature will help to access the
secondary freq. spectrum directly?
1. DR
2. DADB
3. DADL
4. All of above

Q77. Which types of GSM Reports are generated by Nemo Analyzer?

1. GSM Performance Report
2. GSM Benchmark Report
3. All of above
4. None of above

Q78. What is the range of parameter PMRG?

1. -24to +63
2. -24 to +24
3. -63 to +63
4. 0 to +63

Q79. How many maximum uplink TBF can be there per RTSL?
1. 6
2. 7
3. 8
4. 9

Q80. What should be minimum value of CDED (%) to have 1 RTSL as dedicated GPRS Timeslot
considering 2 TRX as GPRS TRX?
1. 0
2. 1
3. 8
4. 10

Q81. What does TRP Value = 3 means?

1. TCH allocation from BCCH TRX for non-amr user and from beyond BCCH TRX for
amr USER
2. TCH allocation from beyond BCCH TRX for non-amr user and from BCCH TRX for
amr USER
3. All of above
4. None of Above
Q82. How many basic EGPRS MCS Families are there?
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

Q83. Which is / are the main factors affecting the Radio Accessibility for TBF in UL/ DL?
1. Coverage
2. Capacity
3. Interference
4. All of above.

Q84. Which parameter setting can help to increase the TBF Retainability?
1. UL Power Control
2. DL Power Control
3. All of above.
4. None of above.

Q85. What should be SDCCH GOS when compared to TCH GOS?

1. SD GOS = TCH GOSDTX
2. SD GOS = 1/2(TCH GOS)
3. SD GOS = 1/4(TCH GOS)
4. SD GOS = 2(TCH GOS)

Q86. Which feature/technique is not used to reduce blocking / congestion?

1. Directed Retry
2. Traffic Reason Handover
3. Dynamic SDCCH
4. Intra Cell Handover

Q87. Rx Quality = 3 means BER =?

1. 0.2 - 0.4
2. 6.4 - 12.8
3. 1.6 - 3.2
4. 0.8 - 1.6

Q88. Following is false when using Dynamic SDCCH.

1. SDCCH Handover cannot be used.
2. Free TCH is used when SDCCH is required.
3. SDCCH carrying CBCH cannot be used.
 4. Every SDCCH request can be fulfilled by Dynamic SDCCH.

Q89. In Link Budget; what has the least importance?

1. GSM Antenna Gain
2. Path Loss
3. Feeder Loss
4. MS Antenna Gain

Q90. When 2 calls are made from different TRXs of same cell having 1*1 RF hopping; what plays
important role to neglect C/I?
1. MAL ID
2. HSN
3. MAIO Step
4. MAIO Offset

Q91. Frame loss can be reduced by:

1. Speech Coding
2. Channel Coding
3. Interleaving
4. Burst Formatting

Q92. What can be done to overcome combiner loss when cell is upgraded from 2 TRX to 3 TRX?
1. Remove Combiner
2. Air-Combining
3. HOP = OFF
4. TMA Implementation

Q93. What is the Basic feature amongst below:

1. SAIC
2. STIRC
3. AMR Progressive Power Control
4. Freq. Hopping

Q94. Out of following channels which one is common channel?

1. AGCH
2. SACCH
3. TCH-FR
4. FACCH

Q95. Out of following channels which one is the answer to RACH?

1. SDCCH
2. AGCH
3. FACCH
 4. SACCH

Q96. In Air-interface TDMA time-slot means how many Seconds?

1. 576.9us
2. 4.615ms
3. 6.12sec
4. 480ms

Q97. Which type of antenna is used in MS?

1. Dipole
2. Omni
3. Loop
4. Cross-polar

Q98. Choose the correct Erlang Formula?

1. x Erlang= (calls per hour) * (average call duration)/3600 Sec
2. x Erlang= (no. of user)*(3600 sec)/ (calls per hour)
3. x Erlang= (no. of calls)*(no. of user)/ (average call duration)
4. x Erlang= (calls per hour)*(no. of users)/3600 sec

Q99. If GOS of an N/W is 3%, what does it mean?

1. 3 out of 100 calls may fails
2. average call duration is 3min
3. at a time 3% of total users can make a call
4. 3% blocking in the N/W is permitted

Q100. Which type of message is "Identity Request?

1. Mobility Management
2. Radio Resource Management
3. Call Control
4. Call related SS message

Q101. Paging message type 2 contains.

1. Paging message for 3 mobiles
2. Paging message for 2 mobiles
3. Paging message for 4 mobiles
4. Paging message for >4 mobiles

Q102. Out of following which one is not a part of NSS?

1. Mobility Management
2. Connection Management
3. Radio Resource Management
4. Charging
Q103. In L3 messages, out of following Info messages which one carries Dedicated Mode
Information?
1. System Info 2
2. System Info 4
3. System Info 5
4. System Info 13

Q104. Which one out of following is not a part of AMR Codec Modes?
1. 4.6
2. 5.9
3. 7.4
4. 12.2

Q105. Frequency Hopping

1. Eliminates the problem of fading dips
2. Eliminates the problem of ISI
3. is part of channel coding
4. spreads the problem of fading dips to many mobile stations

Q106. ISI is caused by:

1. fading dips
2. the Viterbi equalizer
3. reflection
4. interleaving

Q107. Maximum data throughput / tsl possible incase of GPRS is: X`

1. 18.8kbps
2. 27.2kbps
3. 29.2kbps
4. 21.4kbps

Q108. Out of following which element/s in the GSM N/W can not initiate HO?
1. BSC
2. BTS
3. MSC
4. None of Above

Q109. Out of following, which type of antenna has highest directivity?

1. Dipole
2. Helical
3. Log-Periodic
 4. Yaagi-Uda

Q110. When we say the output power of a Transmitter is 30dBm, how many watts does it mean?
1. 3W
2. 1W
3. 1mW
4. 30mW

Q111. Out of following which one is a passive device?

1. Repeater
2. Cross Polar Antenna
3. TMA (Tower Mount Amplifier)
4. TRX

Q112. Out of following which can not be observed during Drive-test?

1. Rx Quality
2. Location Update
3. Paging Load
4. GPRS Attach

Q113. If a cell is EDGE capable, how much Downlink Throughput can we guarantee to customer?
1. 59.2kbps
2. 473.6kbps
3. 236.8kbps
4. can't guarantee

Q114. How many blocks of AGCH are reserved in non combined mode?

1. 1-7
2. 0-2
3. 0-7
4. None of Above.

Q115. What are the contents of authentication triplets?

1. A3,A5,A8
2. SRES,RAND,Kc
3. RAND,A3,A8
4. SRES,Kc,A8

Q116 Frequency hopping in a network:

 1. May or may not be implemented
2. Does not provide optimal gain if the hopping frequencies are less than 4
3. Both above are correct.
4. None of the above.

Q117 .Which of the following functions is not done by SDCCH CHANNEL:

1. Authentication
2. Transmission of short messages
3. Adaptive power control information from BTS to MS only
4. Assignment of traffic channel to MS.
Q118 How many TS can be used at the most with HSCSD?

1. 2
2. 4
3. 6
4. 8

Q119 What should be the value of C/I when you are in hopping mode?

1. Above 9
2. Above 12
3. Less than 9
4. All of the above are correct

Q120 Which value of level and quality should be considered for analysis in a DT log

1. Full
2. Sub
3. Both
4. None of the above is correct.

Q121 What are the coding schemes observerd in UL/ DL after implementing EDGE in your Network:

1. CS1-CS4
2. MCS1-MCS6
3. MCS5-MCS9
4. MCS1-MCS9

Q122 What does DAP stand for?

1. Dynamic Abis Pool

 2. Dynamic Access Pool
3. Dynamic Access Protocol
4. None of the above

Q123 How many codecs can be defined for AMR HR

1. 5
2. 2
3. 6
4. 4

Q124 How many TRXs can be accommodated max on a single E1 where DAP pool is assigned for 4
TS in a Ultra site

1. 12
2. 16
3. 18
4. 24

Q125 How much traffic will be offered by a sector having 4 TRX with GOS of 2%

1. 24Erlangs
2. 21.03Erlangs
3. 23.56Erlangs
4. 22.12 Erlangs

Q126 Which ND report would you refer in order to find the discrepancy for Handovers?

1. Report 163
2. Report 166
3. Report 153
4. Report 208

Q127 On what basis would an optimizer decide whether the site serving is overshooting:

1. On the basis of TA
2. From ND report 232
3. Physically verifying whether the cell is having up tilt
4. All of the above
Q128 BBH is generally implemented where:

1. For dense network

2. For small capacity network
3. For cells where tight frequency reuse is required
4. None of the above

Q129 In case of Directed retry HO:

1. HO is performed from TCH of serving to TCH of Adjacent cell

2. HO is performed from SDCCH of serving to TCH of adjacent cell
3. HO is performed from TCH of Serving to SDCCH of adjacent cell
4. HO is performed from SDCCH of serving to SDCCH of adjacent cell

Q130 Which alarm indicates the TRX faulty operation in the system:

1. 7601
2. 7602
3. 7725
4. 7745

Q131 C/I estimation during a DT can be done in:

1. U/L
2. D/L
3. Both A&B
4. Cannot be estimated.

Q132 Which is the unique feature in TEMS for analsing speech quality:

1. Rx qual Full
2. Rx Qual Sub
3. SQI
4. Rx Qual.

Q133 Drop calls due to Handovers can be caused basically due to:

1. Neighbors with Co-BSIC

2. Neighbor with Co-BCCH
3. Neighbors with Co-BCCH and Co-BSIC
4. All of the above.
Q134 Consider a cell where the no calls are happening, the probable causes would be

1. Wrong definition of LAC,CI

2. DMAX=0
3. Only A is correct
4. Both A&B are correct.

Q135 What should be the value of Rxlev Access min set:

1. -47dbm
2. -110dm
3. -65dbm
4. -85dbm

Q136 What would be the output of a cell with parameter setting as MstxPwrmax=0db,BsTxPWrMax
=30db

1. Cell will carry max.no of calls

2. Cell will carry very few calls
3. Cell will not be latched
4. Cell with a correct parameter setting.

Q137 What would be the power loss after using a combiner in a sector:

1. -2db
2. -1db
3. -3db
4. -4db

Q138 What will happen in case where GTRX=Y(Non Edge TRX),EDGE=Y:

1. TRX will be unlocked

2. System will not allow the TRX to be unlock
3. TRX will go in Block state
4. Both B&C are correct.

Q139 Which report would give you the total payload for GPRS:

1. 232
2. 208
 3. 228
4. 226.

Q140 In a Flexi BTS 1 physical TRX would logically represent how many Trx:

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. None of the above.
Q141 Booster becomes a solution in case of :

1. Capacity
2. Coverage
3. A & B Both
4. None of the above

Q142 Recommended value of ITCF is :

1. 2
2. 0
3. 1
4. 4

Q143. Which ND report gives the data for RACH rejection on cell level?
5. 134
6. 132
7. 188
8. 111.

Q144. Which ND report would you refer in order to find the discrepancy for Handovers?

5. Report 163
6. Report 166
7. Report 153
8. Report 208

Q145.On what basis would an optimizer decide whether the site serving is overshooting:

5. On the basis of TA
6. From ND report 232
7. Drive test logs
8. All of the above
Q146.Which ND report would give you the total payload for GPRS:

5. 232
6. 208
7. 228
8. 226.

Q147 What is a Command to check active alarms on bts:

1. ZERO
2. ZEQO
3. ZEOL
4. ZELO

Q148 Value of BSC Timers can be checked by command:

1. ZEFO
2. ZEDO
3. ZEHO
4. ZEGO

Q149 ND Report 71 Tells:

1. Adjacencies having highest success rate

2. Adjacencies having highest failure rate
3. All adjacencies
4. None of the above

Q150.Which report gives value of dedicated data time slots:

1. 051
2. 053
3. 061
4. 063.

Q151. Which is ND Report number for AMR Parameters?

1. 051
2. 111
3. 216
4. 053
Q152. Which report shows percentage of HO attempts happening due to GPRS?
1. 150
2. 151
3. 153
4. 154

Q153 Which ND report gives detailed analysis of a cell?

1. 204
2. 216
3. 186
4. 226

Q154 In which ND report we can see hourly Traffic Profile for a cell?
1. 180
2. 181
3. 182
4. 186

Q155. In which ND report we can see hourly call drops due to TCH_RF_NEW_HO counter?
1. 216
2. 213
3. 163
4. 166

Q156. In which ND report we can see adjacency discrepancy between neighbor definitions?
1. 061
2. 060
3. 067
4. 073

Q157. Which are the Coverage Enhancement Features of NSN System?

1. ICE
2. Reverse ICE
3. Smart Radio Concept(SRC)
4. All of Above

Q158. Which ND Report shows Paging Success Rate per LA?

1. 213
2. 216
 3. 186
4. 222

Q159. Which ND report shows EGPRS KPI?

1. 230
2. 226
3. 229
4. 228

Q160 Which counter shows DL multislot assignment in percentage?

1. msl_13
2. msl_14
3. msl_15a
4. msl_16a

Q161. How many 64 Kbps DAP TSLs are required if MS is using MCS 9 (consider: dedicated data
timeslot = 4, single data user attached)?
1. 2
2. 4
3. 6
4. 8

Q162. How many maximum Abis timeslots can be handle by PCU ?

1. 64
2. 128
3. 256
4. 264

Q163. What is the Maximum output power of Metrosite BTS in terms of Watt?
1. 5
2. 10
3. 20
4. 40

Q164. What is the maximum number of TRXs can created per BCSU in BSC 3i with version S12?
1. 110
2. 200
3. 100
4. 220
Q165. Which interface is required to implement combine paging (Voice + Data)
1. Gs
2. DPM ( Dual Paging Mode)
3. Gn
4. DPT ( Dual Paging Transmission)

Q166. In which ND report we can see TRHO Handovers attempt and success?
1. 153
2. 154
3. 155
4. 156

Q167. How many TRXs can be handled by 1 BB2F Card in Ultra Site BTS?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 6

Q168. Which of the following BTS Type do not have combiner in-built in them?
1. Ultra Site
2. Metro Site
3. Flexi BTS
4. None of above

Q169. Which report will help to see EDAP Congestion?

1. 280
2. 281
3. 128
4. 082

Q170. In which ND report we can see paging deletion counts for cell level?
1. 180
2. 181
3. 182
4. 186

Q171 Out of following, which is true as per NSN Specification?

 1. CDED<=CDEF
2. CDED>CDEF
3. CDED=CDEF+CMAX
4. CDEF=CDED+CMAX

Q172. What should be minimum value of CDED(%) to have 1 RTSL as dedicated GPRS Timeslot
considering 2 TRX as GPRS TRX?
1. 0
2. 1
3. 8
4. 10

Q173 Which report shows Intra Cell Handover Statistics?

1. 150
2. 153
3. 154
4. 158

Q174 What is the maximum data throughput/timeslot can be achieved in case of MCS 9?
1. 64 Kbps
2. 59.2 Kbps
3. 118 Kbps
4. 230.4 Kbps

Q175 Which BTS Type does not support Rx Diversity (RDIV) parameter?
1. Flexi Edge BTS
2. Ultra BTS
3. Metro BTS
4. Talk Family BTS

Q176 In case of EDGE which of the following CS offers highest coverage?

1. MCS 1
2. MCS 9
3. MCS 5
4. CS 1

Q177 Which ND Report shows Trx vise quality distribution?

1. 180
2. 269
3. 196
4. 169
Q178 ND Report gives radio timeslot configuration?
1. 111
2. 222
3. 121
4. 051

Q179 Noise separation feature can be implemented in?

1. TCSM
2. BSC 3i
3. Flexi BTS
4. TRX

Q180 Which of the following is not a feature of GSM network alone, but also feature of analog mobile
communication network?
1. Digital transmission of user data in air interface
2. Possibility of full international roaming in any country
3. Better speech quality
4. Fully digitized switching exchange

Q181 which of the following is parameter affecting cell sites while planning the network
1. Antenna height
2. MS power
3. BTS Power
4. None Of Above

Q182 What is E interface?

1. MSC-MSC
2. MSC-VLR
3. MSC-HLR
4. HLR-VLR

Q183 In GSM which type of handover occurs?

1. Hard
2. Soft
3. Both of the above
4. Make before break

Q184 Choose the correct bit pattern of a flag in LAP-D format ?

1. 01111110
2. 11111111
3. 10101010.
4. 01010101.
Q185 Mobile identity is a part of?

1. Physical layer Info

2. Lap-D Info
3. BSSMAP Info
4. GSM L3 Info

Q186 Maximum PLMN Permitted can be ?

a) 7
b) 8
c) 1
d) 2

Q187 how many BSIC possible if NCC=4, no of BCCH ARFCN =8 ?

a) 32
b) 64
c) 256
d) 1024

Q188 DTX helps in

a) Reducing TCH congestion

b) Reducing SDCCH congestion
c) Reducing interference
d) Improving paging success

Q189. BSSAP needs the services of SCCP to

a) Analyze A subscriber data

b) To perform Connectionless signaling with the MSC
c) Send MAP messages to HLR via the MSC
d) To make a virtual connection between the MS and the MSC

Q190. Which of the following is true?

a) MAP stands for Mobile Access Part

b) LAP-D protocol is used to communicate between MSC and BSC
c) MAP is used for communication between MSC and HLR
d) BSSAP is used for communicating between BSC and MS

Q191. If an inter MSC handover occurs during a call, the decision to make
a handover is done by
a) BSC controlling the target cell
b) MSC controlling the target cell
c) BSC controlling the current cell
d) MSC controlling the current cell

Q192. Which of the following is not an advantage of the GSM network

Compared to other networks which use the same frequency band?

a) Lower Carrier to Interference Ratio for signal reception

b) Use of MAP signaling
c) Frequency reuse is more efficient than in other networks
d) Lower bit rate for voice coding

Q193. The basic principle of speech coding in a GSM Mobile Station is

a) A-Law PCM with 8 bits per sample

b) -Law PCM at 104Kbits/s
c) A-Law PCM with special filtering at 13Kbits/s
d) None of the above

Q194. Authentication verification is carried out in

a) HLR
b) MSC
c) VLR
d) Authentication Centre

Q195. No calls initiating in a cell, handover traffic is present

1. wrong neighbor defined

2. CGI creation problem
3. Same BCCH Allocated in neighbor
4. None of above

Q196. Which of the following facility is not supported by Net monitor?

1. Neighbor Cell Id
2. DTX Status
3. Ciphering status
4. HSN

Q 197. In a cell configured with phase diversity, with air combining, what should be ideal distance
between two antennas of same sector?

1. At least /4 separated
2. At least /10 separated
 3. 0 distance
4. None of above

Q198. Which of the following is supported by remote tune combiner?

1. BB Hopping
2. RF Hopping
3. Cyclic Hopping
4. All of above

Q199. Which of the following is affecting SDCCH capacity on Abis Interface?

1. TRX Signaling Size

2. No of TCH in sector
3. EDAP Pool
4. OMU Signaling

Q200. Alarm no. 2993 indicates

1. TCH Drop on Abis Interface
2. TCH Drop on Ater Interface
3. TCH Drop on Air Interface
4. TCH Drop on A Interface