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Rajasthan Technical University, Kota: Course - File Power System Engineering

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Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

COURSE FILE
POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING

Name : Dr. Dinesh Birla


Branch : Electrical Engineering
Session : 2013-14, Odd Semester
Semester : B. Tech VII Semester
Index: CourseFile Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester
Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

Sr. Content/ Item no. Page


No. No.
1 Students Detail
2 Course Schedule
Course-File General Format
Time-Table
Syllabus
Course Plan
3 More on Course Schedule
Method of Evaluation
Guidelines to Study the Subject
Program Outcomes
Course Outcomes
Objectives Outcome Relationship Matrix
4 Assignment-1
5 Assignment-2
6 Assignment-3
7 Assignment-4
8 Assignment-5
10 Tutorial-1
11 Tutorial-2
12 Tutorial-3
13 Tutorial-4
14 Tutorial-5
15 Lecture Plan
17 MidTerm Question Paper (I & II)
18 Performance of Students in Mid Terms
Student Details Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester
Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

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Course Schedule Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Course Details

Name of the Programme : B. Tech. Batch : Electrical

Branch : Electrical Semester : VII

Title of the Subject : Power System Engineering

Subject Code : 7EE5 No. of Students: 72

General: About Course File Format

1. Time Table and Syllabus.


2. Course Schedule including Course Plan.
3. Experiments List and Lab manual also, if required.
4. List of Assignments / Tutorials/ Seminar Topics given to students.
5. Tutorial Sheet (If required, as per the syllabus).
6. Lecture Plan.
7. Model Question Paper of the subject distributed to students included (Question Bank of important
Questions).
8. Mid Term Question Paper (I & II) and answer-books.
9. Question of previous years available by University.
10. Marks details of the Students in respect of MTE I (Mid Term Exam) and MTE II.
Course File Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

SYLLABUS COPY:-
B.Tech VII-SEMESTER
7EE5 Power System Engineering

Unit-1 Introduction: Economic Operation of Power Systems: Introduction, system constraints, optimal operation
of power systems. Input output, heat rate and incremental rate curVes of thermal generating units. Economic
distribution of load between generating units within a plant. Economic distribution of load between power stations,
transmission loss equation. Introduction to unit commitment and dynamic programming.

Unit-2 Power System Stability-I: Power angle equations and power angle curVes under steady state and transient
conditions. Rotor dynamics and swing equation (solution of swing equation not included). Synchronizing power
coefficient.Introduction to steady state and dynamic stabilities, steady state stability limit.

Unit-3 Power System Stability-II: Introduction to transient stability. Equal area criterion and its application to
transient stability studies under basic disturbances. Critical clearing angle and critical clearing time. Factors
affecting stability and methods to improVe stability.

Unit-4 Excitation Systems: Introduction of excitation systems of synchronous machines, types of excitation
systems, Elements of Various excitation systems and their control (functional block diagrams and their brief
description)-DC excitation systems, AC excitation systems, brushless excitation system. Interconnected Power
Systems: Introduction to isolated and interconnected powers systems. ReserVe capacity of power stations, spinning
and maintenance resaVes. AdVantages and problems of interconnected power systems. Power systems inter
connection in India.

Unit-5 Tap Changing transformer, phase angle control and phase shifting transformer. Series compensation of
transmission lines, location and protection of series capacitors, adVantages and problems. Introduction to power
system security. Introduction to Voltage stability
2. COURSE PLAN
UNIT Name of Lecture
Topic to cover
NO. Unit No.
Economic Operation of Power Systems 1
system constraints 2
optimal operation of power system 3
Input output, heat rate and incremental rate curVes of thermal generating
1 Introduction units. 4
Economic distribution of load between generating units within a plant 5
Economic distribution of load between power stations, transmission loss
equation 6
Introduction to unit commitment and dynamic programming 7
Applications & Numericals 8
Power angle equations and power angle curVes under steady state and
transient conditions. 9
Rotor dynamics and swing equation (solution of swing equation not
2 Power System included). 10
Stability-I Synchronizing power coefficient 11
Introduction to steady state and dynamic stabilities, steady state stability
limit. 12
Applications & Numericals 13
Applications & Numericals 14
Applications & Numericals 15
Introduction to transient stability 16
Equal area criterion and its application to transient stability studies under
basic disturbances. 17
Power System Critical clearing angle and critical clearing time 18
3
Stability-II
Factors affecting stability and methods to improVe stability. 19
Applications & Numericals 20
Applications & Numericals 21
Introduction of excitation systems of synchronous machines, types of
excitation systems 22-23
Elements of Various excitation systems and their control (functional block
diagrams and their brief description)-DC excitation systems, AC excitation
systems, brushless excitation system 24
4 Excitation Interconnected Power Systems: Introduction to isolated and interconnected
Systems powers systems 25
ReserVe capacity of power stations, spinning and maintenance resaVes. 26
AdVantages and problems of interconnected power systems. Power systems
inter connection in India. 27
Applications & Numericals 28
Elementary Tap Changing transformer, phase angle control and phase shifting
Ideas of transformer 29
5
Compensation, Series compensation of transmission lines, location and protection of series
Networks capacitors, adVantages and problems 30
Introduction to power system security 31
Introduction to Voltage stability 32
Applications & Numericals 33
Applications & Numericals 34
TOTAL
34
LECTURES

3 METHOD OF EVALUATION
3.1 Mid Term Examinations (MTE I & MTE II)

3.2 Assignment / Tutorials

3.3 Viva wherever applicable

3.4 Term End Examination

Foundation Topics:
Introduction to per unit quantities
Introduction to Symmetrical component and fault analysis methods

Advanced Topics:
Admittance model and Admittance matrix
Impedance model and Impedance matrix
More on Course Schedule Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Guidelines to Study the Subject

1. Preparation: - Basic fundamental of knowledge of simple power flow and faults for their study and
analysis.

2. Core Competence: - To provide students the knowledge of power system design and analysis and to
determine the operational performance of existing systems.

3. Breadth: -To prepare for a better future in the field of designing new electrical systems.

Learning Environment: - To provide student a friendly and professional environment.


More on Course Schedule Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester
Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

The General Categories of Program Outcomes are:

Sr. General Categories of Program Outcomes


No.
a Ability to acquire knowledge of specific discipline or professional area with an ability to discriminate,
evaluate, analyze and synthesize existing and new knowledge, and integration of the same for enhancement
of knowledge.
b Ability to formulate and analyse complex electrical engineering problems.

c Ability to solve engineering problems and arrive at feasible, optimal solutions after considering public health
and safety.
d Ability to apply appropriate research methodologies, techniques and tools, design,conduct experiments,
analyse and interpret data.
e Ability to apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering

f Ability to collaborative-multidisciplinary scientific research,demonstrate a capacity for self-management and


teamwork.
g Ability to manage projects efficiently after consideration of economic and financial factors.

h Ability to make effective presentations and design documentation by adhering to appropriate standards.

i Ability to engage in life-long learning independently to improve knowledge and competence

j Ability to contribute to the community for sustainable development of society

k Ability to learn from mistakes without depending on externalfeedback


More on Course Schedule Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

On completion of this Subject / Course the students shall be able to understand the following:

S. No. Objectives
I Provides the knowledge of Static Relays, merits and demerits, amplitude and phase comparators, duality
between amplitude and phase comparators.

II Provides knowledge of instantaneous, definite time, inverse time and directional over current relays,
static differential protection of generator and transformer.
III Provides practical knowledge of static impedance, reactance and mho relays, effect of power swings on
the performance of distance protection, Out of step tripping and blocking relays, mho relay with
blinders.
IV Provides knowledge of Electric arc and its characteristics, arc interruption-high resistance interruption
and current zero interruption, Arc interruption theoriesrecovery rate theory and energy balance theory.
V Provides techniques for Air blast, SF6 and vacuum circuit breakers, Selection of circuit breakers, rating
of circuit breakers, transformer differential and transmission line distance protection.
More on Course Schedule Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

Objectives Outcome Relationship Matrix (Indicate the relationship by x mark).

Program
Outcomes a b c d e f g h i j k

Course Objectives
I X

II X X X X X X

III X X X

IV X X X

V X X X X X X
Assignment Sheet - I Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Assignment- I

Q.1 Describe the Swing equation from rotor dynamics.

Q.2 Give power angle diagram/ Equal area criteria explanation for stability phenomena when auto closer circuit
breaker intervenes for a transmission line fault.

Q.3 Give separate classification for methods to improve steady state and transient state stability.
Assignment Sheet - II Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Assignment-II

Q.1 Describe the economic dispatch problem for case of neglect of losses and no generation limits.

Q.2 Describe the various curves related to economic operation of power plants and their significance.

Q.3 Describe static excitation system diagram, Explaining the purpose and working of various component of this
system.
Assignment Sheet - III Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Assignment-III

Q.1 Explain the Equal area criteria starting from Swing equation.

Q.2 What are the principle types of transient disturbances? Describes the behavior of synchronous motor subjected
to transient disturbances.

Q.3 A 50 Hz , 4 pole turbo generator rated at 20 MVA and 13.2 KV has an inertia constant of 9 KW-Sec/KVA find
stored kinetic energy by rotor at synchronous speed.
Assignment Sheet - IV Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Assignment-IV

Q.1 Describe the concept of economic loading for two generator units neglecting transmission losses.

Q.2 Describe the primary, secondary and dynamic constraints.

Q.3 Draw heat rate curve and incremental fuel cost curves for a given input output curve for any generating unit.
Assignment Sheet - V Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Assignment-V

Q.1 write down the short note on

( a ). Tap Changing transformer

( b.) phase angle control q

Q.2 Explain the voltage stability .


Tutorial Sheet I Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla


2. Designation : Professor
3. Department : Electrical Engineering

TUTORIAL-1

Q.1 The cost characteristic of two units in a plant are:

C1 = 0.4 P 1 2+ 160 P1 + K1 Rs./h

C2 = 0.45 P 2 2+ 120 P2 + K2 Rs. / h

where P1 and P2 are power output in MW. Find the optimum load allocation between the two units, when the total

load is 162.5 MW. What will be the daily loss if the units are loaded equally.

Q.2 A power plant has three units with the following cost characteristics:

C1= 0.5P 1 2+ 215P 1 + 5000 Rs / h

C2= 1.0P 2 2+ 270P 2 + 5000 Rs / h

C3= 0.7P 3 2 +160P 3 + 9000 Rs/h

Where P i s are the generating powers in MW. The maximum and minimum loads allowable on each unit are 150 and 39

MW. Find the economic scheduling for a total load of

i) 320 MW ii) 200 MW


Tutorial Sheet II Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla


2. Designation : Professor
3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Tutorial-II
Q.1 A 50Hz, 4 pole turbo alternator rated 150 MVA, 11 kV has an inertia constant of 9 MJ / MVA. Find the (a)
stored energy at synchronous speed (b) the rotor acceleration if the input mechanical power is raised to 100 MW
when the electrical load is 75 MW, (c) the speed at the end of 10 cycles if acceleration is assumed constant at the
initial value.

Q.2 TWO 50 Hz generating units operate in parallel within the same plant, with the following ratings:
Unit 1: 500 MVA, 0.8 pf, 13.2 kV, 3600 rpm: H = 4 MJ/MVA
Unit 2: 1000 MVA, 0.9 pf, 13.8 kV, 1800 rpm: H = 5 MJ/MVA
Calculate the equivalent H constant on a base of 100 MVA.
Tutorial Sheet III Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineeing

Tutorial-III

Q.1

Q.2 in the power system considered in the previous example, fault is cleared by opening the circuit breakers at
both ends of the faulty line. calculate the cca and hence find cct.
Tutorial Sheet IV Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota
1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Tutorial-IV

Q.1 write down the functional block diagrams and their brief description of -DC excitation systems, AC excitation

systems.

Q.2 what is reserve capacity of power station .


Tutorial Sheet V Year : IV

Subject: Power System Engineering


Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester Sem : VII
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Tutorial-V

Q.1 Explain the power system security in detail.

Q.2 Write down the . Series compensation of transmission lines, location and protection of series capacitors,
Year : IV
LECTURE PLAN
Subject: Power System Engineering
Subject Code: 7EE5 Sem : VII
Duration of Lesson: 55 min
Rajasthan Technical University,Kota Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester

Lesson 1; Title: Introduction of Power System Engineering

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Introduction 20
2 Economic Operation of Power Systems 30

Lesson 2; Title: System Constraints

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 System constraints 30
2 Numerical 20

Lesson 3; Title: Optimal Operation

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Optimal operation of power system 40
2 Optimal operation of power system numerical 10

Lesson 4; Title: Heat Rate And Incremental Rate Curves

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Input output, heat rate and incremental rate curves of thermal generating units. 30
2 Numerical 20

Lesson 5; Title: Economic distribution

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Economic distribution of load between generating units within a plant 35
2 Numerical 15

Lesson 6; Title: Economic distribution

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Economic distribution of load between power stations, transmission loss equation 40
2 Numerical 10
Lesson 7; Title: Unit Commitment

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Introduction to unit commitment and dynamic programming 35
2 numrical 15

Lesson 8; Title: Numericals and application

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Numericals and application 50

Lesson 9; Title: Power angle equations

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Power angle equations and power angle curves under steady state and transient
conditions. 40
2 Numericals 10

Lesson 10; Title: Modeling of Physical Systems

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Rotor dynamics and swing equation (solution of swing equation not included). 35

Lesson 11; Title: Synchronizing power coefficient

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Synchronizing power coefficient 35
2 Numerical 15

Lesson 12; Title: stability and stability limit.

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Introduction to steady state and dynamic stabilities, steady state stability limit. 40
2 Numerical 10

Lesson 13; Title: Applications & Numericals

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Applications & Numericals 50

Lesson 14; Title: Modeling of Physical Systems

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Applications & Numericals 50

Lesson 15; Title: Applications & Numericals

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Applications & Numericals 50
Lesson 16; Title: Introduction to transient stability

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Introduction to transient stability 50

Lesson 17; Title: Equal area criterion

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Equal area criterion and its application to transient stability studies under basic 50
disturbances.

Lesson 18; Title: Critical clearing angle and critical clearing time

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Critical clearing angle and critical clearing time 35
2 Numericals 15

Lesson 19; Title: Factors affecting stability

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Factors affecting stability and methods to improve stability. 40
2 Numerical 15

Lesson 20; Title: Applications & Numericals

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Applications & Numericals 50

Lesson 21; Title: Applications & Numericals

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Applications & Numericals 50

Lesson 22; Title: Introduction and types of excitation systems

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Introduction of excitation systems of synchronous machines, types of excitation 50
systems

Lesson 23; Title: Introduction of excitation systems of synchronous machines

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Introduction of excitation systems of synchronous machines, types of excitation 50
systems
Lesson 24; Title: DC/AC excitation systems

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Elements of Various excitation systems and their control (functional block diagrams 50
and their brief description)-DC excitation systems, AC excitation systems, brushless
excitation system

Lesson 25; Title: Interconnected Power Systems

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Interconnected Power Systems: Introduction to isolated and interconnected powers 40
systems
2 Numerical 15

Lesson 26; Title: Stability of the System

S.NO.
Topic: Time Allotted
1
ReserVe capacity of power stations, spinning and maintenance resaves. 40
2 Numercal 10

Lesson 27; Title: Interconnected Power System

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Advantages and problems of interconnected power systems. Power systems inter 40
connection in India.
2 Numerical 10

Lesson 28; Title: Applications & Numericals

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Applications & Numericals 50

Lesson 29; Title: Tap Changing transformeR

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Tap Changing transformer, phase angle control and phase shifting transformer 50

Lesson 30; Title: compensation of transmission lines

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Series compensation of transmission lines, location and protection of series capacitors, 40
adVantages and problems
2 Introduction to power system security 10
3 Introduction to Voltage stability 5
Lesson 31; Title: Introduction to power system security

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Introduction to power system security 50

Lesson 32; Title: Introduction to Voltage stability

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Introduction to Voltage stability 50

Lesson 33; Title: Elementary Ideas of Compensation, Networks

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Application and Numerical 50

Lesson 34; Title: Application and Numerical

S.NO. Topic: Time Allotted


1 Application and Numerical 50
Performance of Students in Mid Term Exams Year : IV
Subject: Power System Engineering
Subject Code: 7EE5
Maximum Marks: 20 Sem : VII
Rajasthan Tecnical university,Kota Session: 2013-14, Odd Semester

Average
Marks
S. No. Roll No. Student Name
obtained in
MT I & MT II
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

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