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Javascript - Objects PDF

This document discusses JavaScript objects. It explains that JavaScript is an object-oriented programming language and objects have properties and methods. Properties are the values associated with an object, while methods are actions that can be performed on objects. Built-in objects like String and Date are used, and custom objects can also be created. Custom objects are created by defining a template with properties and methods, then making instances of that template to represent individual objects. Properties and methods are accessed using dot notation on the object.

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383 views

Javascript - Objects PDF

This document discusses JavaScript objects. It explains that JavaScript is an object-oriented programming language and objects have properties and methods. Properties are the values associated with an object, while methods are actions that can be performed on objects. Built-in objects like String and Date are used, and custom objects can also be created. Custom objects are created by defining a template with properties and methods, then making instances of that template to represent individual objects. Properties and methods are accessed using dot notation on the object.

Uploaded by

papu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JSObjects

Note:manyofthecontentsofthispagearetakenfromw3schoolwebsite.

JavaScriptObjects
ObjectOrientedProgramming
JavaScriptisanObjectOrientedProgramming(OOP)language.AnOOPlanguageallowsyoutodefine
yourownobjectsandmakeyourownvariabletypes.

However,creatingyourownobjectswillbeexplainedlater,intheAdvancedJavaScriptsection.Wewill
startbylookingatthebuiltinJavaScriptobjects,andhowtheyareused.Thenextpageswillexplain
eachbuiltinJavaScriptobjectindetail.

Notethatanobjectisjustaspecialkindofdata.Anobjecthaspropertiesandmethods.

Properties

Propertiesarethevaluesassociatedwithanobject.

InthefollowingexampleweareusingthelengthpropertyoftheStringobjecttoreturnthenumberof
charactersinastring:
<scripttype="text/javascript">
vartxt="HelloWorld!"
document.write(txt.length)
</script>

Theoutputofthecodeabovewillbe:
12

Methods
Methodsaretheactionsthatcanbeperformedonobjects.

InthefollowingexampleweareusingthetoUpperCase()methodoftheStringobjecttodisplayatextin
uppercaseletters:
<scripttype="text/javascript">
varstr="Helloworld!"
document.write(str.toUpperCase())
</script>

Theoutputofthecodeabovewillbe:
HELLOWORLD!
CreatingNewObjects
JavaScriptObjects

EarlierwehaveseenthatJavaScripthasseveralbuiltinobjects,likeString,Date,Array,andmore.In
additiontothesebuiltinobjects,youcanalsocreateyourown.

Anobjectisjustaspecialkindofdata,withacollectionofpropertiesandmethods.

Let'sillustratewithanexample:Apersonisanobject.Propertiesarethevaluesassociatedwiththe
object.Thepersons'propertiesincludename,height,weight,age,skintone,eyecolor,etc.All
personshavetheseproperties,butthevaluesofthosepropertieswilldifferfrompersontoperson.
Objectsalsohavemethods.Methodsaretheactionsthatcanbeperformedonobjects.Thepersons'
methodscouldbeeat(),sleep(),work(),play(),etc.

Properties

Thesyntaxforaccessingapropertyofanobjectis:
objName.propName

Youcanaddpropertiestoanobjectbysimplygivingitavalue.AssumethatthepersonObjalreadyexists
youcangiveitpropertiesnamedfirstname,lastname,age,andeyecolorasfollows:
personObj.firstname="John"
personObj.lastname="Doe"
personObj.age=30
personObj.eyecolor="blue"
document.write(personObj.firstname)

Thecodeabovewillgeneratethefollowingoutput:
John

Methods

Anobjectcanalsocontainmethods.

Youcancallamethodwiththefollowingsyntax:
objName.methodName()

Note:Parametersrequiredforthemethodcanbepassedbetweentheparentheses.

Tocallamethodcalledsleep()forthepersonObj:
personObj.sleep()

CreatingYourOwnObjects
Therearedifferentwaystocreateanewobject:
1.Createadirectinstanceofanobject

Thefollowingcodecreatesaninstanceofanobjectandaddsfourpropertiestoit:
personObj=newObject()
personObj.firstname="John"
personObj.lastname="Doe"
personObj.age=50
personObj.eyecolor="blue"

AddingamethodtothepersonObjisalsosimple.Thefollowingcodeaddsamethodcalledeat()tothe
personObj:

personObj.eat=eat

2.Createatemplateofanobject

Thetemplatedefinesthestructureofanobject:
functionperson(firstname,lastname,age,eyecolor)
{
this.firstname=firstname
this.lastname=lastname
this.age=age
this.eyecolor=eyecolor
}

Noticethatthetemplateisjustafunction.Insidethefunctionyouneedtoassignthingsto
this.propertyName.Thereasonforallthe"this"stuffisthatyou'regoingtohavemorethanone
personatatime(whichpersonyou'redealingwithmustbeclear).That'swhat"this"is:theinstanceof
theobjectathand.

Onceyouhavethetemplate,youcancreatenewinstancesoftheobject,likethis:
myFather=newperson("John","Doe",50,"blue")
myMother=newperson("Sally","Rally",48,"green")

Youcanalsoaddsomemethodstothepersonobject.Thisisalsodoneinsidethetemplate:
functionperson(firstname,lastname,age,eyecolor)
{
this.firstname=firstname
this.lastname=lastname
this.age=age
this.eyecolor=eyecolor
this.newlastname=newlastname
}

Notethatmethodsarejustfunctionsattachedtoobjects.Thenwewillhavetowritethenewlastname()
function:
functionnewlastname(new_lastname)
{
this.lastname=new_lastname
}

Thenewlastname()functiondefinestheperson'snewlastnameandassignsthattotheperson.
JavaScriptknowswhichpersonyou'retalkingaboutbyusing"this.".So,nowyoucanwrite:
myMother.newlastname("Doe").

2007MehmudAbliz

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