Grass Cutting Machine by Solar Energy Power

G.Rahul
Assistant Professor,
E.Naresh Boss Babu Dept of Mechanical Engineering,
B.Tech (Mechanical Engineering), B.Tech (Mechanical Engineering), Hyderabad Institute of Technology
Hyderabad Institute of Technology Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management y, Hyderabad,
and Management y, Hyderabad, and Management y, Hyderabad,
Telangana, India.
Telangana, India. Telangana, India.

Abstract: Solar energy is the renewable energy. Motor power

The paper describes about the implementation of grass push lawn mowers create noise pollution due to the
cutting machine by using the application of sound of engine, And local air pollution due to the
Manufacturing and Assembly (MA) methodology. The combustion in the engine. Also, a motor powered
scope based on the existing grass cutting machine and engine requires periodic maintenance such as changing
the appropriate of MA methodology. The method used the engine oil even though electric lawn mowers are
for gaining the data is from the reassembled the environmentally friendly, they too can be an in
existing grass cutting machine. Here to modify the convenience .Along with motor powered lawn
existing grass cutting machine to introduce the sliding mowers, electric lawn mowers also hazardous and
arrangement at one end of the vehicle chassis near to cannot be used by all. The project is an autonomous
the cutting blade. Eventually, the improvement of solar grass cutter that will allow the user to the ability
redesign grass cutting machine finally will be able to to their grass with minimal effort. Hence we design to
meet user requirements and satisfactions. A lawn make a grass cutter without any power source due to
mower/ Grass cutting machine is a machine that uses a reduce the power consumption.
revolving blade or blades to cut a lawn at an even
height. Lawn mowers employing a blade Design a solar powered domestic lawn mower that
that rotates about a vertical axis are known as rotary utilizes solar power as an energy source is meant to
mowers, while those employing a blade assembly that address a number of issues that standard internal
rotates about a horizontal axis are known combustion engine mowers do not. An electrical lawn
as cylinder or reel mowers. mower with a solar charger will by easier to use it. It
will eliminate the emissions of an internal combustion
I. INTRODUCTION: mower which is mostly responsible for environmental
Now a days pollution is a major issue for whole pollution and causes the green gases effect. This is so
world. Pollution is manmade and can be seen in own because solar energy is green, renewable energy.
homes. In case gas powered lawn movers due to the Different designs have been made, each to suit a
emission of the gases it is responsible for pollution. particular need or convenience. Making the power of
Also the cost of the fuel is increasing. Hence it is not cutting grass cutter over the years, many individuals
efficient. So the solar powered lawn cutters are have added modification to the original design speed,
introduced. Solar powered lawn mower can be efficiency, and power of a mowing machine. The solar
described as the application of solar energy to power powered lawn mower is an improvement on cordless
an electric motor which in turn rotates a blade which electric lawn mower.
does the moving of a lawn.

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Objective: known as cylinder or reel mowers.
For the manufacturing of a solar grass cutter we The main components of the solar powered grass
referred various literature, papers etc. The review of cutter are
previous method used given below. In this lawn Solar panels
mower uses an solar based energy source, which is Electrical motor
easier to use more advantageous comparing to other Mechanism used
energy sources. Which is easier to use, more Blade
advantageous comparing to other energy source Batteries
especially for gas based source of power? But our lawn
cutter is based on solar because this energy is a Frame:
renewable energy and it is easy to work. So we made The mild steel rod was used in the construction of the
solar powered lawn cutter. Alternatives to the use of frame due to its workability, availability and cost
non renewable and polluting fossil fuels to be effectiveness. The frame supports for the electric
investigated one such alternative is solar energy. In motor, battery as well the handle frame. The length of
this solar based grass cutter the advantage of powering the frame is 130 cms and is also made up of two
a mower by solar energy rather than by gasoline is handles. The first handle supports at the hand and the
mainly ecological. We manufactured this grass cutter second handle is for hands to move the arrangement.
because it is very easy method and many overcome The frame supports for the electric motor, battery as
produced from this type of grass cutter. well as the handle frame. The physical bumper is made
up of an inner square created by PVC pipe. The handle
II. SOLAR GRASS CUTTER: is allowed to handle the equipment and the blade is
move to the grass.
The grass cutter is made up of an electrical motor, a
battery, an alternator, linear blade, and a link
Cutting Patterns:
mechanism .the power and charging system comprise
The grass cutters have two types of cutting styles spiral
of an alternator which charges the battery while in
and random. The user will place the robot. In the
operation. The electric motor forms the heart of
center of their lawn and let it cut. To achieve this
machine and provides the driving force for the driving
cutting pattern both.
blades. This is achieved by the combined effect of
mechanical action of the cutting blades and the
Handle:
forward thrust of the mower. The system is powered
by an electrical switch which completes the circuit Handle (grip) attached to an object for using or
comprise the electrical motor and the battery. Solar moving the object
power as an energy source will address a number of Handle, a unique arrangement for grass
issues that slandered internal combustion engines do cutting
not. An electric grass cutter with a solar charger will
be easier to use. There is no messy dangerous gasoline Advantages:
to deal with most importantly it eliminates the Precise torque and speed control without sophisticated
emissions of an internal combustion mower. A grass electronics
cutter is a device which by mean of one or more
revolving blades issued to grass cut or other plants. Several Limitations:
Grass cutter employing a blade that rotates about a Expensive
vertical axis are rotary mowers. While employing Speed limitations
blade assembly that rotates about a horizontal axis are

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III. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION: in sun light is the semi conductors as stated above.
Solar Energy When the photons from the sun absorbed in a
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the sun semiconductor, that creates free electron with higher
using a range of ever technologies such as solar energies then the created there must be an electric field
heating, solar photo voltaic, solar thermal energy, solar to induce these higher energy electrons to flow out of
architecture and artificial photosynthesis.It is an the semi-conductor to do useful work. A junction of
important source of renewable energy and it is materials, which have different electrical properties,
technologies are broadly as either passive solar or provides the electric field in most solar cells for the
active solar depending on the way they capture and photo interaction in a semi conductor.
distribute solar energy or convert in to solar power.
Active solar techniques include the use of photo Blades:
voltaic systems. Passive solar techniques include A blade is that portion of a tool, weapon or machine
orienting a building to the sun, selecting materials with with an edge that is designed to cut materials. The
favorable thermal mass or light dispensing properties blade is seldom sharp enough to give a neat cutting;
and designing spaces that naturally circulate air. the blade simply tears the grass resulting in brown tips.
However the horizontal blades are easy to remove and
Solar Panel: sharpen or replacing existing trimmer suffers from
A solar panel is a set of solar photovoltaic module high power consumption. Mower blades are the cutting
electrically connected. A photovoltaic module is components of lawn mowers. They are usually made
packaged, connected assembly of solar cells. The solar of sturdy metals as they must be able to withstand
panel can be used as component of a larger high- speed contact with averity of objects in addition
photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity to grass. The blade may be made from ceramic or other
in commercial and residential applications. Each materials. Here we use rotating blade.
module is rated by its dc output power under standard
test conditions (etc) and typically ranges from 100 to Mounting the Blade:
320 watts. The efficiency of a module determines the This is the most important part and when designing for
area of a module. this safety as a major factor was put in to consideration
as the blade when in operation can be hazard. Also the
weight of the blade and how to mount it on the motor
shaft is also a key consideration. More over the
sharpness of the blade is another important aspect and
this will depend on the power and the rpm of the motor
used.
Fig 1: solar panel
A single solar module can produce only a limited
The Mower Blade:
amount of power, most installations contain multiple
The blade is to be designed in such away with high
modules. A photovoltaic system typically includes a
accuracy because it is essentially the cutting tool of the
panel or an array of solar modules, an inverter, and
mower, a picture of the ordinary gas mower blade.
sometimes a battery and/or solar track and sometimes
Various factors governed by the motor speed were
a battery and/ or solar tracked and interconnection
considered in choosing the blade material, they
wiring.
include:
The weight of the blade material
Photovoltaic Principles:
The strength of the blade material
The photo voltaic effect can be observed in nature in
The blade size in length
variety of materials that have shown best performance

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The blade size in thickness panel, a stainless steel blade and control switch.
Safety to the user Rotation is achieved by the electrical motor which
provides the required torque needed to drive the
Materials and Methods: stainless steel blade which is coupled to the shaft and
The cutting blade, the force required to cut the lawn as to the gears to the motor. Gears are to increase the rpm
well as the force acting on the blade was considered. and to reduce the power consumption. The solar
The force required by any sharp object to have impact powered lawn mower is a operated by the switch on
on the grass is less than 10 Newton. It is also depend the board which closes the circuit and allows the flow
on the height, density and the area covered by the of current to the motor which in turn drive the blade
object. Therefore in designing the blade of the solar used for mowing. The battery recharges through the
powered lawn mower, the force required for effective solar charging controller, performance evaluation of
moving should be greater than 10 Newton. A stainless the developed machine was carried out with different
steel was used in the construction of the cutting blade types of grasses.
because of its strength and weight which can transmit
same speed as that of the dc motor or a little less cause Battery:
of friction. Solar cell module produces electricity only when the
sun is shining. They do not store energy. It is
IV. WORKING PRINCIPLE: necessary to store some of the energy produced. The
Working Principle of Solar Powered Grass Cutter: most obvious solution is to use batteries.
The working principle of solar grass cutter is it has a
panel arrangement at an in such a way that can receive
solar radiation with high intensity easily from the sun.
The solar panel converts solar energy into electrical
energy. This electrical energy is stored in batteries by
using a solar charger. The main function of the solar Fig 3: Battery
charger is to increase the current from the panel while The batteries are used as a storage device for solar
batteries are charging. The motor is connected To energy which can be further converted into electrical
batteries through connecting wires. Between these energy. The only exceptions are isolated sunshine load
mechanical circuit breaker switch is provided. It starts such as irrigation pumps or drinking water supplies for
and stops the working of the motor. From this motor, storage, for small units with output less than one
power transmits to the mechanism and this makes the kilowatt. Batteries seem to be only technically and
blade to rotate on the shaft this makes to cut the grass. batteries are high in capital costs. It is necessary that
the overall system must be optimized with respect to
available energy and local demand pattern. Once the
blade is mounted we searched for placing battery to sit.
As it is moves attached to the operators back.

V. MECHANICAL ARRENGEMENTS
In this first phase we just considered only about the
mechanical arrangement, which is responsible for
rotating dynamo. Fir this team members divided the
Fig 2: Circuit diagram Proposed work in to two divisions. The mechanical arrangement
The designed solar powered lawn mower comprises of consist of
direct current (d.c motor), a rechargeable battery, solar

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 External frame work panel and the energy is stored in battery. Which
Solar frame convert the solar energy in to the electrical energy?
Shaft with free wheel bearing The blades with dc motor connected to the battery.
Dc motor This solar grass cutter cut all types of grass. The test
Blade was carried out using the species of grass. The average
Battery height is according to the manual arrangement.

External Frame Work: Advantages:

The external frame work is having 135 cm cylindrical Easy to use, because it is cordless.
hallow pipes are welded. at the end of the pipe we With battery powered grass cutter, there is no
have attached electric motor with gears arrangement more messy oil & smelly gasoline.
and shaft to the blades. Now we are safety with no pollutants emitted.
There are also no air filters & spark plugs to
Solar Frame Work: bother it.
To avoid weight on the frame the solar panel is The cost of electricity to recharge the battery
separated from the panel. The solar panel is 12 watts is minimal compared to the high cost of
which is connected to the battery. gasoline, oil, air filters & spark plugs.
High conversion efficiency.
Blades: Has less moving parts
The blades are mounted according to the need. After Less space required
the blade mount was finished being fabricated. i Noise less operations so readily accepted in
inserted it on the shaft. Then to make sure the mount residential areas.
was supported vertically drilled a small hole
completely through the mount and shaft. This allowed Disadvantages:
me to insert a bolt as an added safety measure. It is The eventually disposal of batteries is
easy to cut the grass and the moving the blades will be problematic.
freely. The blades moves with the help of dc motor The motors in cordless cutter lend to be less
which is connected with the blades, due to dc motor powerful than gasoline motors of the same
blades moves very fast which uses to move the shaft. total weight.
Motor capacity is 12 watts and there is a blade
arrangement in front of the frame. Applications:
The project work is a very useful tool for
Battery: For cricket ground
The solar energy was saved in the battery. Batteries For football ground
that are re-chargeable are called secondary or All garden
accumulator batteries. As the battery is being charged,
For agriculture purpose
electric energy is stored as chemical energy in the
cells. When being discharged the stored chemical
VI. CONCLUSION:
energy is being removed from the battery and
It will be easier for the people who are going to take
converted to electrical energy. The battery is 12 volts.
the project for the further modifications. The project is
more suitable for common man as it is having much
Working of Solar Grass Cutter:
more advantages i.e, no fuel cost, no pollution, and no
The rechargeable grass cutter was manufactured and
fuel residue. Less wear and tear because of less
developed. The solar energy is generated due to solar

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number of moving components and this can be REFERENCES:
operated by using solar energy. This will give much 1. IJAEEE, VOLUME1, number 1nor fatimaalIssn
more physical exercise to the people and can be easily 2319-1112 / VINI 9-14 IjAEEE
handled. This system is having facility of charging the 2. Mukherjee, d. Chakrabarti, s., fundamentals of
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motion. So it is much more suitable for grass cutting publishers, New Delhi, 2005
also. The same thing can be operated in night time 3. Sharma., p.c., non-conventional power plants,
also, as there is a facility to charge these batteries in public printing service, new Delhi., 2003
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the grass can be trimmed with minimum cost and with public printing service, new Delhi., 2007
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