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    Power Factor Meters - Electrodynamometer Type Power Factor Meter

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    Nh Chuminda Yapa
    There are two main types of power factor meters: electrodynamometer type and moving iron type. The electrodynamometer type uses two coils, one inductive and one resistive, to measure the phase difference between voltage and current. This determines the power factor. It works by balancing the opposing torques produced on each coil when current flows. The deflection angle of the pointer indicates the power factor. Advantages include lower losses and higher torque compared to moving iron types, while disadvantages include smaller working forces, limited scale, and sensitivity to frequency changes.

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    Power Factor Meters - Electrodynamometer Type Power Factor Meter

    Uploaded by

    Nh Chuminda Yapa
    876 views4 pages
    There are two main types of power factor meters: electrodynamometer type and moving iron type. The electrodynamometer type uses two coils, one inductive and one resistive, to measure the phase difference between voltage and current. This determines the power factor. It works by balancing the opposing torques produced on each coil when current flows. The deflection angle of the pointer indicates the power factor. Advantages include lower losses and higher torque compared to moving iron types, while disadvantages include smaller working forces, limited scale, and sensitivity to frequency changes.

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    Power Factor Meters

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    Power Factor Meters

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    There are two main types of power factor meters: electrodynamometer type and moving iron type. The electrodynamometer type uses two coils, one inductive and one resistive, to measure the phase difference between voltage and current. This determines the power factor. It works by balancing the opposing torques produced on each coil when current flows. The deflection angle of the pointer indicates the power factor. Advantages include lower losses and higher torque compared to moving iron types, while disadvantages include smaller working forces, limited scale, and sensitivity to frequency changes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    876 views4 pages

    Power Factor Meters - Electrodynamometer Type Power Factor Meter

    Uploaded by

    Nh Chuminda Yapa
    There are two main types of power factor meters: electrodynamometer type and moving iron type. The electrodynamometer type uses two coils, one inductive and one resistive, to measure the phase difference between voltage and current. This determines the power factor. It works by balancing the opposing torques produced on each coil when current flows. The deflection angle of the pointer indicates the power factor. Advantages include lower losses and higher torque compared to moving iron types, while disadvantages include smaller working forces, limited scale, and sensitivity to frequency changes.

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    Power Factor Meters | Electrodynamometer

    Type Power Factor Meter


    Before we introduce various types of power factor meters it is
    very essential to understand what are the needs of power factor
    meter? Why we do not directly calculate power factor in an AC
    circuit just by dividing the power with product
    of current and voltage as these readings can be easily obtained
    from wattmeter, ammeter and voltmeter. Obviously there various
    limitations of using this method as it may not provide high accuracy,
    also chances of increment of error is very high. Therefore this
    method is not adopted in industrial world. Measurement of power
    factor accurately is very essential everywhere.
    In power transmission system and distribution system we measure
    power factor at every station and electrical substation using
    these power factor meters.Power factor measurement provides us
    the knowledge of type of loads that we are using, helps in
    calculation of losses happening during the power transmission
    system and distribution.

    Hence we need a separate device for calculating the power factor


    accurately and more precisely.
    General construction of any power factor meter circuit include two
    coils pressure coil and current coil. Pressure coil is connected across
    the circuit while current coil is connected such it can carry circuit
    current or a definite fraction of current, by measuring the phase
    difference between the voltage and current the electrical power
    factor can be calculated on suitable calibrated scale. Usually the
    pressure coil is splits into two parts namely inductive and non-
    inductive part or pure resistive part. There is no requirement of
    controlling system because at equilibrium there exist two opposite
    forces which balance the movement of pointer without any
    requirement of controlling force. Now there are two types of power
    factor meters-
    1. Electrodynamometer type
    2. Moving iron type.
    Let us study electrodynamometer type first

    Electrodynamometer Type Power Factor Meter


    In electrodynamometer type power factor meter there are
    further two types on the basis of supply voltage
    1. Single phase
    2. Three phase.
    The general circuit diagram of single phase electrodynamometer
    power factor meter is given below.

    Now the pressure coil is spitted into two parts one is purely
    inductive another is purely resistive as shown in the diagram
    by resistor and inductor. At present the reference plane is making
    an angle A with coil 1. And the angle between both the coils 1 and 2
    is 90o. Thus the coil 2 is making an angle (90o + A) with the
    reference plane. Scale of the meter is properly calibrated shown the
    value values of cosine of angle A. Let us mark the
    electrical resistanceconnected to coil 1 be R and inductor connected
    to coil 2 be L. Now during measurement of power factor the values
    of R and L are adjusted such that R = wL so that both coils carry
    equal magnitude of current. Therefore the current passing through
    the coil 2 is lags by 90owith reference to current in coil 1 as coil 2
    path is highly inductively in nature.
    Let us derive an expression for deflecting torque for this power
    factor meter. Now there are two deflecting torques one is acting on
    the coil 1 and another is acting on the coil 2. The coil winding are
    arranged such that the two torques produced, are opposite to each
    other and therefore pointer will take a position where the two
    torques are equal. Let us write a mathematical expression for the
    deflecting torque for coil 1-

    Where M is the maximum value of mutual inductance between the


    two coils,
    B is the angular deflection of the plane of reference.
    Now the mathematical expression for the deflecting torque for coil 2
    is- At
    equilibrium we have both the torque are equal thus on equating
    T1=T2 we have A = B. From here we can see that the deflection
    angle is the measure of phase angle of the given circuit. The phasor
    diagram is also shown for the circuit such that the current in the coil
    1 is approximately at an angle of 90 to current in the coil 2.

    Given below are some of the advantages and disadvantages of use


    electrodynamic type power factor meters.
    Advantages of Electrodynamic Type Power Factor Meters
    1. Losses are less because of minimum use of iron parts and also
    give less error over a small range of frequency as compared
    to moving iron type instruments.
    2. They high torque is to weight ratio.
    Disadvantages of Electrodynamic Type Power Factor Meters
    1. Working forces are small as compared to moving iron type
    instruments.
    2. The scale is not extended over 360o.
    3. Calibration of electrodynamometer type instruments are highly
    affected by the changing the supply voltage frequency.
    4. They are quite costly as compared to other instruments.

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