Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
46 views

Java Database Connectivity

JDBC is an API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements and retrieve data from a database. It provides interfaces for connecting to databases and methods for executing queries and statements. The Statement interface is for general purpose access using static SQL. The PreparedStatement interface accepts parameters at runtime and is useful for repetitive queries. The CallableStatement interface accesses stored procedures and also accepts parameters.

Uploaded by

gaurang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
46 views

Java Database Connectivity

JDBC is an API that allows Java programs to execute SQL statements and retrieve data from a database. It provides interfaces for connecting to databases and methods for executing queries and statements. The Statement interface is for general purpose access using static SQL. The PreparedStatement interface accepts parameters at runtime and is useful for repetitive queries. The CallableStatement interface accesses stored procedures and also accepts parameters.

Uploaded by

gaurang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Java Database Connectivity(JDBC) is an Application Programming Interface(API) used to

connect Java application with Database. JDBC is used to interact with various type of Database
such as Oracle, MS Access, My SQL and SQL Server. JDBC can also be defined as the
platform-independent interface between a relational database and Java programming. It allows
java program to execute SQL statement and retrieve result from database.

Once a connection is obtained we can interact with the database. The


JDBC Statement, CallableStatement, and PreparedStatement interfaces
define the methods and properties that enable you to send SQL or
PL/SQL commands and receive data from your database.

They also define methods that help bridge data type differences between
Java and SQL data types used in a database.

The following table provides a summary of each interface's purpose to


decide on the interface to use.
Interfaces Recommended Use

Statement Use the for general-purpose access to your database. Useful


when you are using static SQL statements at runtime. The
Statement interface cannot accept parameters.

PreparedStatement Use the when you plan to use the SQL statements many
times. The PreparedStatement interface accepts input
parameters at runtime.

CallableStatement Use the when you want to access the database stored
procedures. The CallableStatement interface can also accept
runtime input parameters.

The Statement Objects


Creating Statement Object
Before you can use a Statement object to execute a SQL statement, you
need to create one using the Connection object's createStatement( )
method, as in the following example

Statement stmt = null;


try {
stmt = conn.createStatement( );
. . .
}
catch (SQLException e) {
. . .
}
finally {
. . .
}

Once you've created a Statement object, you can then use it to execute
an SQL statement with one of its three execute methods.

boolean execute (String SQL): Returns a boolean value of true if a


ResultSet object can be retrieved; otherwise, it returns false. Use this
method to execute SQL DDL statements or when you need to use truly
dynamic SQL.

int executeUpdate (String SQL): Returns the number of rows affected by


the execution of the SQL statement. Use this method to execute SQL
statements for which you expect to get a number of rows affected - for
example, an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement.

ResultSet executeQuery (String SQL): Returns a ResultSet object. Use


this method when you expect to get a result set, as you would with a
SELECT statement.

Closing Statement Object


Just as you close a Connection object to save database resources, for the
same reason you should also close the Statement object.

A simple call to the close() method will do the job. If you close the
Connection object first, it will close the Statement object as well.
However, you should always explicitly close the Statement object to
ensure proper cleanup.

Statement stmt = null;


try {
stmt = conn.createStatement( );
. . .
}
catch (SQLException e) {
. . .
}
finally {
stmt.close();
}

For a better understanding, we suggest you to study the Statement -


Example tutorial.

The PreparedStatement Objects


The PreparedStatement interface extends the Statement interface, which
gives you added functionality with a couple of advantages over a generic
Statement object.

This statement gives you the flexibility of supplying arguments


dynamically.

Creating PreparedStatement Object


PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
try {
String SQL = "Update Employees SET age = ? WHERE id = ?";
pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(SQL);
. . .
}
catch (SQLException e) {
. . .
}
finally {
. . .
}

All parameters in JDBC are represented by the ? symbol, which is known


as the parameter marker. You must supply values for every parameter
before executing the SQL statement.

The setXXX() methods bind values to the parameters,


where XXX represents the Java data type of the value you wish to bind
to the input parameter. If you forget to supply the values, you will
receive an SQLException.

Each parameter marker is referred by its ordinal position. The first


marker represents position 1, the next position 2, and so forth. This
method differs from that of Java array indices, which starts at 0.

All of the Statement object's methods for interacting with the database
(a) execute(), (b) executeQuery(), and (c) executeUpdate() also work
with the PreparedStatement object. However, the methods are modified
to use SQL statements that can input the parameters.
Closing PreparedStatement Object
Just as you close a Statement object, for the same reason you should
also close the PreparedStatement object.

A simple call to the close() method will do the job. If you close the
Connection object first, it will close the PreparedStatement object as
well. However, you should always explicitly close the PreparedStatement
object to ensure proper cleanup.

PreparedStatement pstmt = null;


try {
String SQL = "Update Employees SET age = ? WHERE id = ?";
pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(SQL);
. . .
}
catch (SQLException e) {
. . .
}
finally {
pstmt.close();
}

For a better understanding, let us study Prepare - Example Code.

SERVLET

Introduction to Web
Web consists of billions of clients and server connected through wires and wireless networks.
The web clients make requests to web server. The web server receives the request, finds the
resources and return the response to the client. When a server answers a request, it usually
sends some type of content to the client. The client uses web browser to send request to the
server. The server often sends response to the browser with a set of instructions written in
HTML(HyperText Markup Language). All browsers know how to display HTML page to the client.
Web Application
A website is a collection of static files(webpages) such as HTML pages, images, graphics etc.
A Web application is a web site with dynamic functionality on the
server. Google, Facebook, Twitter are examples of web applications.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

HTTP is a protocol that clients and servers use on the web to communicate.

It is similar to other internet protocols such as SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) and

FTP(File Transfer Protocol) but there is one fundamental difference.

HTTP is a stateless protocol i.e HTTP supports only one request per connection. This

means that with HTTP the clients connect to the server to send one request and then

disconnects. This mechanism allows more users to connect to a given server over a period

of time.

The client sends an HTTP request and the server answers with an HTML page to the client,

using HTTP.

You might also like