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    Afham Ahmad
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    This assignment involves modeling a 4-story shear frame building with a tuned mass damper on the top floor and subjecting it to earthquake excitation. The tasks include: 1) Deriving the equation of motion for the building model and specifying the mass and stiffness matrices. 2) Simulating the building response using MATLAB and obtaining displacements, velocities and accelerations. 3) Calculating the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the undamped building.

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    This assignment involves modeling a 4-story shear frame building with a tuned mass damper on the top floor and subjecting it to earthquake excitation. The tasks include: 1) Deriving the equation of motion for the building model and specifying the mass and stiffness matrices. 2) Simulating the building response using MATLAB and obtaining displacements, velocities and accelerations. 3) Calculating the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the undamped building.

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    52 views2 pages

    Assignment 1

    Uploaded by

    Afham Ahmad
    This assignment involves modeling a 4-story shear frame building with a tuned mass damper on the top floor and subjecting it to earthquake excitation. The tasks include: 1) Deriving the equation of motion for the building model and specifying the mass and stiffness matrices. 2) Simulating the building response using MATLAB and obtaining displacements, velocities and accelerations. 3) Calculating the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the undamped building.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Assignment #1

    Identification Methods for Structural Systems

    Modeling of a four story shear frame

    The structural system of Fig.1 represents a shear frame model of a building with a tuned mass
    damper on its top story. The frame vibrates under the presence of earthquake excitation. Table 1
    provides numerical values for the structural properties of the associated elements.

    Table 1: Structural parameters.

    Story Mass (Mgr) Stiffness (kN/m)

    1 100 200000

    2 80 150000

    TMD 8 30000

    Figure 1: The shear frame structure wit the tuned


    mass damper on top.

    1) Construct the free body diagram and derive the corresponding equation of motion for every
    degree-of-freedom. Then bring the derived system of equations in the following matrix form

    () + () = () (1)

    and provide full description of the associated vectors/matrices.


    2) Use MATLABs ode45 function (Runge Kutta method) in order to numerically obtain the
    undamped structural response (displacements/velocities/accelerations) to the accelerogram of
    the El Centro earthquake [ElCentro.mat file 1st column corresponds to time, 2nd column to
    the earthquake].
    3) Calculate the natural frequencies (in Hz) and the mode shapes of the structure. Normalize
    each mode shape with respect to the element with the maximum absolute value. Plot the
    normalized mode shapes (Hint: use MATLAB function eig).
    4) Assume that the system is characterized by proportional Rayleigh damping
    = +
    where and are the mass and stiffness matrices of Eq.1, respectively. Calculate and so
    that the first two vibration modes of the frame without the tuned mass damper retain 2%
    modal damping. Which are the modal damping values for the combined structure?
    5) Form the matrices A, B, C and D of the systems state space representation and create the
    corresponding system model in MATLAB [command ss(A,B,C,D)]. Select all displacements,
    velocities and accelerations as the output of your state space model.
    6) Use MATLAB function lsim to simulate the state space model and obtain the damped
    structural response under the same excitation of step 2. Comment on the differences between
    the structural responses calculated at step 2 to those calculated here.
    7) Apply the Laplace transform and derive qualitative expressions for the transfer functions ()
    between the horizontal relative accelerations of each degree-of-freedom and the ground
    acceleration.
    8) Apply the tf MATLAB command to the state-space model of step 5 and derive the transfer
    functions of step 7. Which are the roots of the denominator of each H()? Are these roots
    stable? [roots and pzmap MATLAB commands].
    9) Use the bodeplot MATLAB command and obtain the Frequency Response Functions (FRFs)
    for the quantities of steps 7-8. Make sure that the x-axis of the FRFs is in Hz, the magnitude
    units in dB and the phase units in degrees.
    10) Using the plotted FRFs, identify the frequencies at which the amplitudes of the responses are
    (i) equal to the amplitude of the excitation, (i) one order of magnitude smaller than the one of
    the excitation, and (iii) one order of magnitude larger than the one of the excitation.
    11) Use amplitude graphs of the FRFs and the half power method in order to calculate the natural
    frequencies and the damping ratios of the system and compare with those obtained at steps 3-
    4. Comment on the results.
    12) Submit your m-code electronically to chatzi@ibk.baug.ethz.ch along with a short report on the
    steps and appropriate figures. Use YOURNAME-IMSS-ASSIGMENT 1 as mail subject.

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