Expressions of Comparison

1 (the same as, like, similar to) (alike, the same, similar)

Study the examples below:

middle comparisons
like
- My pencil is the same as yours.
similar to

final comparisons
alike.
- My pencil and your pencil are the same.
similar.

2 (the same + noun [quality] + as) (as + adjective [quality] + as)

Study the examples below:

She is the same age as John.

My pencil is the same length as yours.
This chair is the same size as the other one.

Remember that the following are the examples of quality nouns:

age color height length price size style

width depth distance speed price weight

She is as old as John.

This store is as far as the other one.
This chair is as big as the other one.

Remember that the following are examples of quality adjectives:

big cheap clear easy expensive hard heavy large

light little long old short small tall young
Exercise:
- Put a C if the sentence is correct. Put an X if the sentence is incorrect.

______ 01. His hair is the same length as mine.

______ 02. Your apartment is the same size to mine.
______ 03. Mr. Jones English is as clear than Dr. Bakers.
______ 04. Fatimah is the same weight as her girlfriend.
______ 05. These suits are alike.
______ 06. I want to buy a pair shoes the same style like these Im wearing.
______ 07. This dress is the same expensive as that one.
______ 08. His is not as tall as his brother.
______ 09. This car is almost the same like mine.
______ 10. My briefcase is exactly like yours.
______ 12. These pens are the same as.
______ 13. This car is similar with Johns car.
______ 14. This train is as speed as the other one.
______ 15. This lake is as deep as the other one.

3 (different from) vs (differ from)

Study the following examples:

This one is different from the rest.

This one differs from the rest.

Remember that differ is a verb and must change forms to agree with the subject.
Avoid using BE with differ. Avoid using than, of or to after differ and different.

Exercise:

-Correct the following sentences.

01. Susan is different of other woman I know.

______________________________________ .
or
_______________________________________ .

02. This book different from the book on the table.

________________________________________
or
________________________________________

03. Lions differ tigers.

______________________
or
______________________

04. Janes apartment is very differs from Bills even though they are in the same
building.
____________________________________________________________________.
 Or
____________________________________________________________________.

05. Soccer is different with rugby.

_____________________________ .

4 Comparatives: More .. than/ -er than

Study the examples below:

Anton is tall. Anton is careful.

John is very tall. John is very careful.
John is taller than Anton. John is more careful than Anton.

The suffix er is used The word more is used

(a) with adjectives and adverbs of one (a) with most adjectives and adverbs of two
syllable: or more syllables:

tall taller careful more careful

clear clearer beautiful more beautiful
fast faster expensive more expensive
hard harder interesting more interesting
nice nicer important more important
quick quicker necessary more necessary
soon sooner often more often

(b) with adjectives that end in y (b) with adverbs that have the adverb
(2 syllables): suffix ly :

busy busier carefully more carefully

easy easier clearly more clearly
happy happier easily more easily
heavy heavier quickly more quickly
pretty prettier rapidly more rapidly
early earlier

Note the following irregular forms:

good better
well better
bad worse
badly worse
fart farther (further)

In general farther and further can be used interchangeably. However, only further can be
used to mean additional. For example: a further example.
NOTES:

a. Do not use both er and more in the same comparative structure.

WRONG: Betty is more smarter than her classmates.

RIGHT : Betty is smarter than her classmates.

b. Be careful to use only than after a comparative structure.

WRONG : This building is more expensive as that one.

RIGHT : This building is more expensive than that one.

c. Be careful to use the comparative for two items, not three or more. For three or more,
use the superlative.

WRONG : I own two cars, a Ford and a Chevrolet. I like the Chevrolet the best .
RIGHT : I own two cars, a Ford and a Chevrolet. I like Chevrolet better.

5 Superlative: The most . / The -est

Superlative is used to make comparison among three or more things.

Study the example below:

John is taller than Anton, John is more careful than Anton,

but Bob is the tallest. but Bob is the most careful.

Ani is younger than Susi, This book is more expensive than that book,
but Tuti is the youngest. but my book is the most expensive.

The suffix est is used with the The word most is used with the same words that more
same words that er is is used is used with.
with.
(a) Adjectives of two or more syllables:
(a) Adjectives and adverbs
of one syllable: careful more careful the most careful
beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful
tall taller the tallest expensive more expensive the most expensive
clear clearer the clearest interesting more interesting the most interesting
fast faster the fastest important more important the most important
hard harder the hardest necessary more necessary the most necessary
nice nicer the nicest
quick quicker the quickest
(b) Adverbs that have the adverb suffix ly :
(b) Adjectives that end in y
(2 syllables): carefully more carefully the most carefully
clearly more clearly the most clearly
busy busier the busiest easily more easily the most easily
easy easier the easiest quickly more quickly the most quickly
happy happier the happiest rapidly more rapidly the most rapidly
 heavy heavier the heaviest
pretty prettier the prettiest
early earlier the earliest

Note the following irregular forms:

good better the best
well better the best
bad worse the worst
badly worse the worst
far farther the farthest

NOTES:

a. Always use the in the superlative.

WRONG: Yesterday was coldest day of the year.

RIGHT : Yesterday was the coldest day of the year.

b. Be careful not to use est and most in the same superlative pattern.

WRONG: He is the most best student in this class.

RIGHT : he is the best student in this class.

c. Be careful to use superlative for three or more items. Use the comparative for two items.

WRONG : I took mathematics, English, and history last semester, and the English
course was better.
Right : I took mathematics, English, and history last semester, and the English
course was the best.

Exercises:

a. Put C if the sentence is correct. Put X if there is an error in the comparative

pattern.

______ 01. This book is more better than that one.

______ 02. This years prices will certainly be much higher as last years.
______ 03. Since there were two possible ways to get to new York, we had to decide
which one was better.
______ 04. The customs in his country are more traditional than those in my country.
______ 05. She was happier than anybody else in her family.
______ 06. The final exam was more difficult than the mid-semester exam.
______ 07. Her letter was more friendlier than his.
______ 08. Henry had a rather bad accident, and it was a miracle that he was not hurt
more worse than he was.
______ 09. This room is more spacious as the other one.
______ 10. An essay test is more difficult than an objective test.
b. Put C if the sentence is correct. Put X if there is an error in the superlative
pattern.

______ 01. They were the most poorest people I had ever seen.
______ 02. West Germany is one of the most highly industrialized nations in the world.
______ 03. When he won the contest, he as the most surprised person than the other
contestants.
______ 04. I went to Belgium, Holland, and England last year, and I liked Belgium
better.
______ 05. Is the Sahara the largest desert in the world?
______ 06. August is hottest most humid month of the year.
______ 07. John, Philip, and Mary were all saving money to go to Egypt, and John saved
the most.
______ 08. Paula, Susie, and Jill bought new homes, but Paulas was more elegant.
______ 09. That place serves the goodest ice cream in town.
______ 10. It was the most biggest building I had ever seen.

6 Double Comparatives (semakin semakin.)

6.1 the comparative the better

Examples:
A : What time shall we leave?
B : The sooner the better. (semakin cepat semakin baik)

A : What size box do you want?

B : The bigger the better. (semakin besar semakin baik)

6.2 The comparative, The comparative

Example:
The warmer the weather, the better I feel.
The more expensive the hotel, the better the service.

6.3 The comparative + S + V, the comparative + S + V

Examples:

The earlier we leave, the sooner we will arrive.

(semakin cepat kita berangkat, semakin cepat kita sampai/tiba)
The more electricity you use, the higher your bill will be.
(semakin banyak listrik kamu gunakan, akan semakin tinggi rekeningmu)
The more you have, the more you want.
( semakin banyak yang kau punya, semakin banyak yang kau inginkan)
The longer he waited, the more impatient he became.
(semakin lama dia menunggu, menjadi semakin tidak sabar dia)
Exercise:
- Translate into English

01. Semakin dalam kamu jatuh cinta, semakin gilalah kamu.

02. Semakin kaya seseorang, semakin mudah dia mendapatkan sesuatu.
03. Semakin keras kamu bekerja, semakan banyak uang kamu dapat.
04. Semakin giat kamu belajar, akan semakin pandailah kamu.