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Marley Haener - DBQ Final Draft Essay

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What Were The Primary Reasons For the Fall of Rome?

Rome started out as an amazing empire, but there were many things that occurred

that contributed to the fall of Rome. Rome began in about the year 750 BCE, and

surrounded the Mediterranean Sea. By 200 BCE, it was overflowing with people that

wanted to be a part of the worlds greatest empire. At first, rome was considered a

republic, but as time went on, it formed into an empire. It started out in the first two

centuries of being an empire as being peaceful and wealthy, a time called the Pax Romana.

However, as the empire started expanding, it started to mold into a dictatorship. For a

while, Rome was on top. Although being the dominant empire has its advantages, there

were many other disadvantages. Since it was on top, and none of the other settlements

were doing anything about it, the Roman soldiers, as well as leaders, became very lazy. This

made Rome more vulnerable, and so others started to attack. Many things contributed to

the fall of Rome, but what were the main reasons? The three main reasons that Rome fell

were because of the Roman army, barbarian invasions, and economic corruption. Of all of

these, though, the most important reason was economic corruption.

One very important reason Rome fell was because the Roman Army got very lazy.

No one wanted to volunteer to become a soldier, so Rome had to start drafting men. Many

people avoided this. The soldiers did not do their customary training, and they rarely ever

wore their breastplates and helmets. In Document B, Vegetius said, So our soldiers fought

the Goth without any protection He also said that no one tried to restore the helmets
and breastplates, which meant that in battle the only things the soldiers would think about

was running, and not fighting and defending. These lazy soldiers gave all of the other

settlements that wanted to invade Rome a huge advantage, which made Rome more

defenseless than ever.

Another important reason that Rome fell was that barbarian invasions broke down

the Roman Army. Since the Roman Army got weak and defenseless, other barbarian groups

started invading Rome. In Document C, it shows all of the groups that invaded Rome. There

were many groups, but it was over a long period of time. This meant that for the Roman

Army, there would be multiple battles to fight, and each time they lost, it made their army

powerless and frail. Many of the barbarian groups had better soldiers than the Romans did,

and since there were a lot of the other groups, every invasion slowly chipped away at the

Roman Army.

While the first two reasons are very important, the main reason that Rome fell was

because of economic corruption. While Rome was on top, the leaders became very lazy. In

Document E, Priscus said, ... that the laws and constitution of the Romans were fair, but

deplored that the governors, not possessing the spirit of former generations, were ruining

the state. Almost none of the citizens thought that the leaders of Rome were doing a good

job, and disagreed with the decisions that they were making. Wealthy people who broke

the law did not have to go through the same consequences that poor people did, and many

people thought that was unfair. Taxes were very high because of the high population, and
people were hurting their leaders, as well as each other (Doc E). Since the leaders got lazy,

and their decisions were unjust and, in some cases cruel, citizens got very angry, and it

made them want to leave the empire. This was the most important factor in the fall of

Rome because the government was falling apart, and that compelled people to be violent

and destructive.

It is true, however, that there are other reasons that explain Romes decline. These

reasons include the Roman emperors, the Huns, and disaster and disease. However, the

three main reasons presented above -- the Roman Army, barbarian invasions, and

especially economic corruption -- provide the best explanation why Rome finally crumbled

in the 5th century CE.

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