BAHASA INGGRIS TEKNIK II

“PRESENTATION”

Written By:

Group 7

Hiskiya Rut Elisabet Malau (061540342240)

Selly (061540321855)

Septi Arlianita (061540342245)

Class: 5ELB

POLYTECHNIC NEGERI OF SRIWIJAYA

MECHATRONIC ENGINEERING
PALEMBANG
2017
 CHAPTER I

DISCUSSION

2.1 Presentation

Presentation is the practice of showing and explaining content of a topic an

audience or learner. presentation is also the means of communication which can be adapted
to various speaking situation, such as talking to a group, addresing s meeting or breafing a
team. A presentation is a formal talk to one or more persons that “presents” ideas or
information in a clear, structured way.

All presentations have a common objective: they are given in order to inform, train,
persuade or sell. The key factors of any successful presentation are:

- the audience;
- the contents of the presentation itself;
- and the presenter.

2.2 How to Prepare the Presentasion?

With good preparation and planning you will be totally confident and less nervous.
And your audience will feed on that confidence too. And this will give you control of your
audience and your presentation. With control you will be “in charge” and your audience
will listen positively to your message.

 Objective

Before you start preparing your presentation you should ask yourself: “Why am I giving
this presentation?” If your objective is not clear to you, it cannot possibly be clear to your
audience.

 Timing

You only have a limited amount of time in which to tell the audience what they need to
know, rather than everything that you know.
  Method

How should you give your presentation? Which approach should you use? Formal or
informal? Should you include visual aids, and if so, how many? Will anecdotes and
humour play a part in your presentation?

 Structure of the presentation.

A well organized presentation with a clear structure is easier for the audience to follow. It
is therefore more effective. You should organize the points you wish to make in a logical
order. Most presentations consist of three parts, followed by questions: The beginning is
ideal for an attention grabber

or for an ice breaker. The end is great to wrap things up or to end with a grand finale.

Beginning Short introduction Welcome your audience

introduce your subject
explain the structure of your presentation
explain rules for questions
Middle Body of the presntation Present the subject it self
End Short conclusion Summarise your presentation
thank your audience
invite questions
Questions and Answers

2.3 Purpose of Presentation

1. Convey information
Many companies make presentations for the purpose of conveying information
only. The delivered information can be ordinary, important or even
confidential. Company invites someone who is deemed appropriate to convey
information according to a predetermined theme. In this case the speaker has
expertise in accordance with his field and experience.
2. Convince the listener
The presentations contain information, data and evidence logically arranged so
that the information conveyed can make a person or group of people feel
confident. Originally whose origin had an element of uncertainty and
uncertainty so that when a speaker was present, a group of people became
convinced of the information provided.

3. Entertain the listener

In this era of globalization many entertainment events on television viewing.
The entertainment event is led by a reliable presenter, whose goal is to entertain
the audience. Prensenters are required to conduct talks that are entertaining but
relevant and professional so that television viewers can enjoy the event. In
addition to television shows, other entertainment events can be found at feasts.
Example: wedding celebration party, birthday and others. The presenter is
assigned to speak and insert words that can entertain the guests present at the
celebration party.

4. Motivating and inspiring listeners to perform an action

For the sake of achieving a company goal, a leader is required to direct and
guide his employees to work optimally and do not forget to pay attention to the
quality. Besides being given direction and guidance, the company leadership
can also do the motivation so that its employees can work with high spirit.
Motivating activities can be done by holding a forum. The forum consists of
employees who act as listeners, while the speaker is the head of the company
itself. Leaders are tasked to convey information concerned with corporate
objectives and motivate them, either by promoting employees or raising
employee salaries.

5. Make a sale
The fourth purpose of presentation is to make a sale. This is concerned with
companies that want to promote a particular product. The Company assigns to
one or groups of employees to promote their products to potential buyers.
 Employees are equipped with knowledge about the product and assisted with
visual aids to facilitate the delivery of messages.

6. Make an idea or idea

The presentation is only aimed to create an idea of the participants of the
listener. This type of objective is usually applied to a company or organization
that is experiencing a problem that is difficult to solve and thus requires the
opinion or argument of others to solve it. Forums are often known as meetings.
The company invites the meeting participants that are considered important to
them and can generate an idea or idea so that it can indirectly help a company's
goals.

7. Touching the emotions of the listener

The seventh goal is to touch the emotions of the listener. In this case the
speaker is assigned to conduct talks that can touch a person's feelings or
emotions. For example the speaker made a presentation to the listeners about
the disaster victims that occurred lately. Speakers' presentations make listeners
feel touched to help disaster victims by donating a portion of their wealth.

8. Introduce yourself
Such a presentation is commonly used when conducting interviews, such as
someone applying for a job and then introducing himself by mentioning his
personal details and resume to the questioning party.

2.4 Presentation Benefits

- As the material of exposure to a core subject.

- Auxiliary media for the translation of the subject matter or a work project.
- The impression is more exclusive because it involves the presentation tool
(Professional).
- Audience will usually be clearer if accompanied by the image media of the
 presentation itself.
- Cultivate the mentality that is present in the bearer of the presentation material.

2.5 Ways to have good presentation

2.5.1 Planning the Presentation

1. Write note cards on index cards.

Write main ideas on your index cards. Don't write details, or be stuck with the
fate of looking down, staring at your note cards while reading. Put in some fun
facts, interactive questions, and other interactive activities on the cards to share
with the class.

o Write down keywords or main ideas. If you need to consult your index
cards, you're only going to want to scan the index card for information, not
read every last word.
o Most of the time, the act of putting information down on your index cards
will help you remember the information. So, while you might not strictly
need the note cards, it's a nice security blanket to have if you happen to
forget what you were going to say.

2. Practice
In most presentations, it is pretty obvious who has practiced and who hasn't.
Work on what you're going to say and how you're going to say it. You'll feel a
 lot more confident when you do the real thing and you'll eliminate the "likes"
and "ums" unlike those who try to "wing it."

o Practice in front of your family or friends, or in front of the mirror, when

you rehearse your presentation. It's probably better to do it in front of
friends who you may not know well, as this will help you replicate the
feeling of being in front of the class.
o Ask your friends for feedback after you finish your presentation. Was the
presentation long enough? How was your eye contact? Did you stammer at
all? Were all the points clearly made?
o Make a critique of your practice performance. Challenge yourself to work
on all the things that you believe you can improve during the real
presentation. When it comes time to deliver the real deal, you'll feel
confident knowing that you've worked extra hard on what was toughest for
you.

3. Do your research. In order to give an engaging presentation, you need to

know what you're talking about. You don't have to become an expert, or read every
book or website ever written about your topic, but you should be able to answer any
questions your teacher or classmates might give you.
o Get quotes from reliable sources. Good quotes make a good presentation
great. Taking what smart people have said and putting it into your
 presentation not only makes you look smart, it shows the teacher that you
spent time thinking about what other people said.
o Make sure your sources are trustworthy. There's nothing that can quite
break your confidence like a fact that turns out to not be a fact. Don't always
trust the information you get off the Internet.

2.5.2 Delivering the Presentation

1. Smile at your audience.

When it comes time to present, there's nothing that draws your audience into
your presentation than a good old fashioned smile. Be happy; you're about to
teach your entire class something they didn't know before.

o Studies have shown that smiles are infectious[1]; that means that once you
smile, it's hard for everyone else not to smile. So if you want your
presentation to go off without a hitch, force yourself to smile. That'll make
everyone smile; and maybe those smiles will make you actually smile.
2. Feel confident about your presentation.
When you give your class a presentation, your teacher is essentially having you
take over their job for a little while. It's your job to make sure everyone understands
what you're trying to tell them. Make sure you pay attention to how your teacher
does this before your presentation, because teachers are expert presenters. ]

o Visualize success before, during, and after your presentation. Be humble

about what you do — no need for cockiness — but imagine a successful
presentation at all times. Don't let the thought of failure creep into your
mind.
o In many ways, your confidence is just as important as the information
you're delivering. You don't want to spread misinformation, or skimp on
doing your research, but a lot of what you'll be graded on — and what the
other students come away with — is going to be your level of confidence.
Also if you are confident, you will have a better time exchanging ideas with
the class.
o If you need a confidence boost, think big picture. After 10 or 15 minutes,
your presentation will be over. What will your presentation matter in the
long run? Probably not very much. Try to do the best you can, but if you're
getting nervous, remind yourself that there are much more important
moments in your life to come.
3. Make eye contact.
Nothing is more boring than listening to a presenter who looks
at the floor or at note-cards. Relax. Your audience is made up of your friends
and you talk to them all the time; talk the same way now.

o Have the goal of looking at every person in the classroom at least once.
That way, everyone will feel like you've engaged with them. Plus, you'll
look like you know what you're talking about.

4. Be sure to have inflection in your voice.

Your goal is to engage your audience, not put them to sleep. Be animated about
your topic. Talk about it as if it was the most interesting thing in the world. Your
classmates will thank you for it.
 o Inflection is the kind of movement that radio DJs put into their voice; it's
the ramped-up pitch in your voice when it gets excited. You don't want to
sound like you've just seen a lion, but you also don't want to sound like
you've just seen a squirrel, either. Vary it up to make the presentation more
interesting.

5. Use hand motions

Move your hands along as you talk, using them to emphasize points and keep
the audience interested. It will also channel your nervous energy into a better
place.

6. Have a good conclusion

 You've probably heard the presentations that end in something like "um... yeah,"
Your conclusion is your final impression on your audience, including your
teacher. Make it exciting by introducing a final statistic, or come up with
something creative to do at the end. Your conclusion can be anything so long as
your audience knows you're finished.

o Tell a story, maybe one with a personal note. Stories are great for history or
English presentations. Maybe you can tie your presentation into a little
anecdote about a famous historical person?
o Ask a provocative question. Ending with a question is a good way of getting
your audience to think about your presentation in an interesting way. Is
there a certain conclusion you want them to come to?

7. Walk back to your seat with a smile

Know that you just aced your report and that you just did something that many
people would never be able to do. Don't be disappointed if you don't get
applause. Just stay confident.
2.6 Types of Presentation

There are many types of presentations, but most 4-H presentation contests
use only these four:

· Demonstrations

· Illustrated Talks

· Public Speeches

· Impromptu Speeches

Remember to check the rules for the specific contest you will be entering as
each contest will have slight variations.

2.6.1 Demonstrations

A demonstration puts words into action. With this type of presentation, you will
show how to do something at the same time you tell how to do it. There is a finished
product at the end. If you have given a successful demonstration, the audience should leave
knowing how to do what you have demonstrated. Examples of demonstrations are:

· How to braid hair

· How to clean tack

· How to sew on a button

· How to pot a plant

· How to groom a show calf

A demonstration is usually the easiest type of presentation to do. It often has a step-
by-step process that makes planning and organizing simple. The hardest part may be to
remember to keep talking while you are demonstrating or doing something. Try not to have
long periods of silence. If time doesn’t permit you to complete each step, it’s okay to skip
some as long as you tell about them. You might make examples of some parts ahead of
time to show each stage of the process. An example would be demonstrating how to make
bread. You wouldn’t have time to let dough rise or to bake it, but you could show how to
make the dough and then have a sample of a completed loaf. You might even be able to
show a sample of risen dough, started earlier, and demonstrate how to punch it down.

2.6.2 Illustrated Talks

An illustrated talk is a way to share information with the audience. The topic should be
educational in nature, but it can be very basic. No finished product is necessary, but visual
aids must be used to help explain what is being said. Visual aids can include posters,
slides, transparencies, models, or actual items. Examples of illustrated talks are:

· Evolution of the horse using pictures of the various stages

· Nutritional requirements using charts and graphs

· Milking parlor requirements using a scale model

· Items in a first aid kit using samples of the items

· Tree identification using leaf/needle samples

2.6.3 Public Speeches

A public speech is just talking. No visual aids or props can be used. A speech can
be informative or persuasive with the purpose to stimulate thought or present a point of
view. Speeches should not simply entertain. They need to persuade the audience to agree
with you, educate the audience, or get an emotional reaction from the audience. Speeches
often have a personal tie-in, a way the topic relates to something that happened in your life.
A speech may be the most difficult type of presentation. It requires careful planning and
effective delivery. Since no visual aids are allowed, gestures and voice variety are very
important. There also needs to be a clear theme or thesis and understandable points to
follow. A speech is not an effective way to teach a difficult concept.

2.6.4 Impromptu Speeches

As the name implies, impromptu speeches require the presenter to compose and
deliver a with little previous preparation. Like public speeches, no visual aids are used
unless the speaker is given an object to talk about. Impromptu speeches require you to
“think on your feet.” You need to be able to come up with ideas on the spur of the moment
and quickly organize them in a logical manner. Acquiring the skill to express yourself
quickly is extremely beneficial. You will encounter many situations where it will be
helpful to be able to give input on the spot. While younger members may have fun
practicing impromptu speeches at a club meeting, contests are recommended for
intermediates and seniors only. Examples of contest topics are:

· What is your favorite summer activity and why?

· If you could be any animal, what animal would you be and why?

· Should school uniforms be required? Why or why not?

· Draw an object from a bag and talk about its uses.

2.6.5 Team Presentations

Demonstrations and illustrated talks may be done as an individual or team. (Public

speaking and impromptu speeches are for individuals only.) A team usually consists of two
members of the same age division. Team presentations are good when four hands are
needed to demonstrate something or when it is hard to do the work and talk at the same
time. First-time presenters often like to work as a team because they don’t have to be in
front of an audience by themselves.

It canbe comforting to have a friend up there with you. When giving a team
presentation, there needs to be a balance between the two team members. Both should talk
equal amounts and/or demonstrate equal amounts. You should rotate between the speakers
frequently without making it choppy. Shifts in speakers should seem natural. Don’t change
speakers in the middle of a thought or a process. You can use a change in speakers to show
transitions in the talk. At the end, the members should take turns answering questions.
After giving an answer, ask if your partner has anything to add. In addition to speaking to
the audience, there should be interaction between the team members. Asking each other
questions is an easy way to do this. It’s not good for one person to talk a long time and
then the other to talk a long time. Approaching a team presentation as a conversation
between two people is a good way to plan at least part of your talk. Team presentations are
a good way to learn teamwork and cooperation. You need to be aware, however, that it can
be difficult to do a really good team presentation. They require a lot of planning and
practice in order to flow smoothly. Also be aware that some topicslend themselves to a
team presentation better than others. Be sure that the topic you have chosen is one that
works for a team and wouldn’t better be done by one person.
 CHAPTER III

CONCLUSION

Presentation is the practice of showing and explaining content of a topic an

audience or learner. presentation is also the means of communication which can be adapted
to various speaking situation, such as talking to a group, addresing s meeting or breafing a
team. A presentation is a formal talk to one or more persons that “presents” ideas or
information in a clear, structured way. The main purpose of an oral presentation is to
present subject content in an organized, concise and effective manner to a live audience.
When delivering an oral presentation, certain challenges require ingenious techniques to
engage into an impromptu interaction with the audience members. Planning, writing and
completing are three key elements in any oral presentation process.
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