Material Safety Data Sheet

This material is hazardous according to criteria of NOHSC.

Classified as Dangerous Goods by the criteria of the Australian Code for the Transport of Explosives by Road and Rail.
1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MATERIAL AND SUPPLIER

Product Name: ANFO

Synonyms: Ammonium nitrate/fuel oil, ANFO 94/6

Supplier: Orica Australia Pty Ltd
ABN: 004 117 828
Street Address: 1 Nicholson Street
Melbourne 3000
Australia
Telephone Number: +61 3 9665 7111
Facsimile: +61 3 9665 7937

Emergency Telephone: 1 800 033 111 (ALL HOURS)

2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Product Description: Blasting explosive. Granular off-white to pinkish solid with a slight kerosene-like odour.

Various government controls may apply to this material.

Components / CAS Number Proportion Risk Phrases

Ammonium nitrate >60% -
6484-52-2
Fuels, diesel <10% R40 Carc. Cat. 3, R65, R66, R51/53
68334-30-5
Ingredients determined not to <1% -
be hazardous
-

3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Risk Phrases: Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. Limited evidence of a
carcinogenic effect.

Poisons Schedule: None allocated.

4. FIRST AID MEASURES

For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre (Phone eg. Australia 131 126; New Zealand 0 800 764766) or a doctor.

Inhalation: Remove victim from area of exposure - avoid becoming a casualty. Remove contaminated clothing

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and loosen remaining clothing. Allow patient to assume most comfortable position and keep warm.
Keep at rest until fully recovered. If patient finds breathing difficult and develops a bluish
discolouration of the skin (which suggests a lack of oxygen in the blood - cyanosis), ensure airways
are clear of any obstruction and have a qualified person give oxygen through a face mask. Apply
artificial respiration if patient is not breathing. Seek immediate medical advice.
Skin Contact: If skin contact occurs, remove contaminated clothing and wash skin with running water. If irritation
occurs seek medical advice. Nitrates can be absorbed through cut, burnt or broken skin. Launder
clothing before reuse.
Eye Contact: If in eyes, wash out immediately with water. In all cases of eye contamination it is a sensible
precaution to seek medical advice.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. If swallowed, do NOT induce vomiting. Give a glass of water. Seek
medical advice.
Notes to physician: Explosive material. Treat symptomatically and as for exposure to hydrocarbon solvents. Treat as
for exposure to nitrates. For ammonium nitrate: May cause methemoglobinemia. Clinical findings:
The smooth muscle relaxant effect of nitrate salts may lead to headache, dizziness and marked
hypotension.
Cyanosis is clinically detectable when approximately 15% of the haemoglobin has been converted
to methaemoglobin (ie. ferric iron).
Symptoms such as headache, dizziness, weakness and dyspnoea occur when methaemoglobin
concentrations are 30% to 40%; at levels of about 60%, stupor, convulsions, coma and respiratory
paralysis occur and the blood is a chocolate brown colour. At higher levels death may result.
Spectrophotometric analysis can determine the presense and concentration of methaemoglobin in
blood.
Treatment:
1. Give 100% oxygen.
2. In cases of (a) ingestion: use gastric lavage, (b) contamination of skin (unburnt or burnt):
continue washing to remove salts.
3. Observe blood pressure and treat hypotension if necessary.
4. When methaemoglobin concentrations exceed 40% or when symptoms are present, give
methylene blue 1 to 2 mg/kg body weight in a 1% solution by slow intravenous injection. If
cyanosis has not resolved within one hour a second dose of 2 mg/kg body weight may be given.
The total dose should not exceed 7 mg/kg body weight as unwanted effects such as dyspnoea,
chest pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, mental confusion and cyanosis may occur. Without treatment
methaemoglobin levels of 20-30% revert to normal within 3 days.
5. Bed rest is required for methaemoglobin levels in excess of 40%.
6. Continue to monitor and give oxygen for at least two hours after treatment with methylene blue.
7. Consider transfer to centre where haemoperfusion can be performed to remove the nitrates from
the blood if the condition of the patient is unstable.
8. Following inhalation of oxides of nitrogen the patient should be observed in hospital for 24 hours
for delayed onset of pulmonary oedema.
Further observation for 2-3 weeks may be required to detect the onset of the inflammatory changes
of bronchiolitis fibrosa obliterans.

5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Specific Hazards: Explosive material. Avoid all ignition sources.

Fire-fighting advice: In case of a small fire, if actual explosive is not burning, carefully remove as much
explosive as possible to a safe distance. Fire fighters to wear self-contained breathing
apparatus if risk of exposure to vapour or products of combustion. However, if
explosive is burning, evacuate area immediately. Do NOT fight fire. On burning under

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confined or semi-confined conditions, some oxides of nitrogen and/or carbon

monoxide will be present. Brown fumes indicate the presence of toxic oxides of
nitrogen.
A major fire may involve a risk of explosion. An adjacent detonation may also involve
the risk of explosion.

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Clear area of all unprotected personnel. Shut off all possible sources of ignition. Wear protective equipment to prevent
skin and eye contact. Contain - prevent run off into drains and waterways. Collect in properly labelled containers, with
loose fitting lids, for disposal. Use a spark-free shovel. If contamination of sewers or waterways has occurred advise local
emergency services. In the case of a transport accident notify the Police, Explosives Inspector and Orica Australia Pty Ltd
(Telephone: 1800 033 111 -- 24 hour service) and/or Orica New Zealand Pty Ltd (Telephone: 0800 734 607 -- 24 hour
service).

Spillage recovery needs to be appropriately documented and material accurately accounted for. This material contains
SSAN (Security Sensitive Ammonium Nitrate).

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling advice: Avoid skin and eye contact and breathing in vapour. Do NOT subject the material to impact, friction
between hard surfaces nor to any form of heating. Avoid all contact with other chemicals.

Storage advice: Store material in a well ventilated magazine suitably licensed for Class 1.1D Explosives. Store in a
cool, dry, well ventilated place and out of direct sunlight. Store away from sources of heat or ignition.
Store away from incompatible materials described in Section 10. Store away from strong acids,
strong alkalis, nitrites, chlorates, chlorides and permanganates. Ammonium Nitrate is incompatible
with, and must be stored away from, tetranitromethane, dichloroisocyanuric acid, trichloroisocyanuric
acid, any bromate, chlorate, chlorite, hypochlorite or chloroisocyanurate or any inorganic nitrite. Keep
containers closed when not in use - check regularly for spills.

Ensure this material (which contains ammonium nitrate (SSAN)) is stored securely and in
accordance with regulations/controls issued by the relevant authority. Secure storage may involve
locking the facility/container or constant surveillance.

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION

Occupational Exposure Limits:

No value assigned for this specific material by the National Occupational Health and Safety Commission.
Supplier recommended Exposure Standard: Diesel Oil: 500 mg/m3 total vapour (approx 100 ppm) or 5 mg/m3 stable
aerosols for 8 hour time-weighted average (TWA). (1)

TWA - The time-weighted average airborne concentration over an eight-hour working day, for a five-day working week
over an entire working life.

These Exposure Standards are guides to be used in the control of occupational health hazards. All atmospheric
contamination should be kept to as low a level as is workable. These exposure standards should not be used as fine

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dividing lines between safe and dangerous concentrations of chemicals. They are not a measure of relative toxicity.

Engineering Control Measures:

Ensure ventilation is adequate and that air concentrations of components are controlled below quoted Exposure
Standards. Use in well ventilated areas.

Personal Protective Equipment:

Orica Personal Protection Guide No. 1, 1998: B - OVERALLS, SAFETY SHOES, SAFETY GLASSES, GLOVES.

Wear overalls, safety glasses and impervious gloves. Always wash hands before smoking, eating, drinking or using the
toilet. Wash contaminated clothing and other protective equipment before storage or re-use.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical state: Granular Solid

Colour: Off-white or Pink
Odour: Slight , Kerosene
Solubility: Partially soluble in water.
Specific Gravity: 0.8 @ 20°C
Flash Point (°C): > 61
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Stability: Incompatible with combustible material , oxidising agents , permanganates , strong acids and alkalis . Avoid
contact with other chemicals. Detonation may occur from heavy impact or excessive heating, particularly
under confinement. Ammonium nitrate is a powerful oxidising agent. It is incompatible with
tetranitromethane, dichloroisocyanuric acid, trichloroisocyanuric acid, any bromate, chlorate, chlorite,
hypochlorite or chloroisocyanurate, any inorganic nitrite and metal powders. When heated to decomposition
(unconfined) it produces nitrous oxide, white ammonium nitrate fumes and water. When mixed with strong
acids, and occasionally during blasting, it produces an irritating toxic brown gas, mostly of nitrogen dioxide.
When molten may decompose violently due to shock or pressure.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

No adverse health effects expected if the product is handled in accordance with this Safety Data Sheet and the product
label. Symptoms or effects that may arise if the product is mishandled and overexposure occurs are:

Ingestion: Swallowing can result in nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain. Swallowing large amounts
may result in headaches, dizziness and a reduction in blood pressure (hypotension).
Eye contact: May be an eye irritant.
Skin contact: Contact with skin may result in irritation. Will have a degreasing action on the skin. Repeated or
prolonged skin contact may lead to irritant contact dermatitis. Can be absorbed through cut, broken, or
burnt skin with resultant adverse effects. See effects as noted under 'Inhalation'.
Inhalation: Material may be irritant to the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract (airways). Breathing in vapour
can result in headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, and possible nausea. Blasting may produce a toxic brown
gas of nitrogen dioxide. Inhalation of the gas may result in chest discomfort, shortness of breath and

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possible pulmonary oedema, the onset of which may be delayed.

Absorption of ammonium nitrate by inhalation, ingestion or through burnt or broken skin may cause
dilation of blood vessels by direct smooth muscle relaxation and may also cause methaemoglobinaemia.
(2)

Long Term Effects:

No information available for the product. Available evidence from animal studies indicate that repeated or prolonged
exposure to a component of this material could result in effects on the skin. This material contains within the diesel oil
component of this formulation polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Some PAHs have been implicated as potential
skin carcinogens in humans under conditions of poor personal hygiene, prolonged or repeated skin contact and exposure
to sunlight. Toxic effects are unlikely to occur if good personal hygiene is practised. (1)

Toxicological Data:
No LD50 data available for the product. For the constituent AMMONIUM NITRATE: (2):

Oral LD50 (rat): 2217 mg/kg.

In humans and animals methaemoglobinaemia has occurred under untreated circumstances following the ingestion of
nitrates. (2)

12. ECOTOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Avoid contaminating waterways.

Aquatic toxicity:
Toxic to aquatic organisms. May cause long term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. Ammonium nitrate was
evaluated at 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg (NH4+)/L.
The fertility of Daphnia magna was decreased at 50 mg/L. Post embryonic growth of crustacea was impaired at 10, 25
and 50 mg/L. (2)
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Refer to Waste Management Authority. Dispose of material through a licensed waste contractor. Small quantities of
damaged or deteriorated explosives may be destroyed by inclusion in a blast hole containing good explosive(s). For large
quantities of damaged or deteriorated explosives notify Orica Australia Pty Ltd and/or Orica New Zealand Pty Ltd.

Disposal of this material (which contains ammonium nitrate (SSAN)) needs to be appropriately documented and all
material accurately accounted for.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Road and Rail Transport
Classified as Dangerous Goods by the criteria of the Australian Code for the Transport of Explosives by Road and Rail.

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UN No: 0082
Class-primary 1.1 D Explosive
Proper Shipping Name: EXPLOSIVE, BLASTING, TYPE B

Hazchem Code: E

Marine Transport
Classified as Dangerous Goods by the criteria of the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) for
transport by sea.

UN No: 0082
Class-primary: 1.1 D Explosive
Proper Shipping Name: EXPLOSIVE, BLASTING, TYPE B

Air Transport
TRANSPORT PROHIBITED under the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations for
transport by air in passenger aircraft and cargo aircraft.

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

Classification: This material is hazardous according to criteria of NOHSC.

Xn: Harmful

Risk Phrase(s): R2: Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
R40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.

Safety Phrase(s): S16: Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.

S24: Avoid contact with skin.
S36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.

Poisons Schedule: None allocated.

All the constituents of this material are listed on the Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS).

Various regulations/controls/authorisations/licences may apply governing the manufacture, importation, exportation, use,
handling, storage, sale/supply, transport and disposal of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate containing materials.
Ammonium nitrate (SSAN - Security Sensitive Ammonium Nitrate) and materials containing ammonium nitrate may be
considered security sensitive materials and loss, theft, attempted theft or unexplained discrepencies may need to be
reported to authorities. Record keeping and/or licensing of individuals may be required.

16. OTHER INFORMATION

(1) Supplier Material Safety Data Sheet; 12/2002

(2) Material Safety Data Sheet - Orica Australia Pty Ltd; 08/ 2004.

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PACIA Code of Practice for Secure Distribution of High Analysis Ammonium Nitrate. 03/ 2004.
Probe Analytical report (Flash Point Determination), Request No. 950761, June, 1995.
This material safety data sheet has been prepared by SH&E Shared Services, Orica.

Reason(s) for Issue:

5 Yearly Revised Primary MSDS

This MSDS summarises to our best knowledge at the date of issue, the chemical health and safety hazards of the
material and general guidance on how to safely handle the material in the workplace. Since Orica Limited cannot
anticipate or control the conditions under which the product may be used, each user must, prior to usage, assess and
control the risks arising from its use of the material.

If clarification or further information is needed, the user should contact their Orica representative or Orica Limited at the
contact details on page 1.

Orica Limited's responsibility for the material as sold is subject to the terms and conditions of sale, a copy of which is
available upon request.

Product Name: ANFO

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