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    1. Boron carbide is investigated due to its strength and low density, making it suitable for armor applications. However, it is very brittle. 2. A pressure shear plate impact experiment was conducted on granular boron carbide at a shearing rate of 2x104s-1 and normal pressure of 1.74GPa. 3. The experiment measured a shear stress of around 270MPa, confirming that increasing normal pressure increases the shear stress the granular material can withstand at high strain rates.

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    1. Boron carbide is investigated due to its strength and low density, making it suitable for armor applications. However, it is very brittle. 2. A pressure shear plate impact experiment was conducted on granular boron carbide at a shearing rate of 2x104s-1 and normal pressure of 1.74GPa. 3. The experiment measured a shear stress of around 270MPa, confirming that increasing normal pressure increases the shear stress the granular material can withstand at high strain rates.

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    1. Boron carbide is investigated due to its strength and low density, making it suitable for armor applications. However, it is very brittle. 2. A pressure shear plate impact experiment was conducted on granular boron carbide at a shearing rate of 2x104s-1 and normal pressure of 1.74GPa. 3. The experiment measured a shear stress of around 270MPa, confirming that increasing normal pressure increases the shear stress the granular material can withstand at high strain rates.

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    47 views1 page

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    1. Boron carbide is investigated due to its strength and low density, making it suitable for armor applications. However, it is very brittle. 2. A pressure shear plate impact experiment was conducted on granular boron carbide at a shearing rate of 2x104s-1 and normal pressure of 1.74GPa. 3. The experiment measured a shear stress of around 270MPa, confirming that increasing normal pressure increases the shear stress the granular material can withstand at high strain rates.

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    of 1

    Pressure Shear Plate Impact on Granular Boron Carbide

    Steven Hu, Alex X. Sun, K.T. Ramesh


    Centennial High School, Ellicott City, MD;
    Johns Hopkins University | Whiting School of Engineering | Baltimore, MD

    Abstract Research and Discussion


    Boron carbide is investigated in current work due to its Figure 1: Laser Line Velocity Figure 2: X-t Diagram Figure 3: Interferometer Data
    excellent mechanical strength and low density, which are
    key features for structural application such as armor
    protection and penetration prevention. However, its
    plasticity is negligible making commercial boron carbide a

    Velocity (µ/s)
    very brittle material in which crack nucleation, crack
    propagation, fragmentation, and dynamic granular flow are
    the dominant deformation mechanisms, especially at high
    strain rates and complex stress states. Granular flow in Displacement (mm)

    communized zones has critical effects on ballistic  Approximately Shear wave speed in plate cs: 3264 m/s
    performance of armor materials. In this experiment, the Longitudinal wave speed in plate cd: 5983 m/s
    78 m/s
    granular boron carbide ESK3000F (with an average grain Wave speed for granular material
    size of 0.7 microns) is subject to ultra-high-strain-rate
    loading conducted by pressure shear plate impact Figure 4: Dynamic Shear Response
    experiment. The granular boron carbide is deformed at a
    shearing rate of about 2x104s-1 with a superimposed
    normal pressure at 1.74GPa. The obtained shear stress is
    around 270MPa. From the collected and analyzed data, the
    granular shear stress increases with increasing normal
    pressure. Also, by analyze shear strain rate, normal
    𝑡1 𝑡2 𝑡3

    pressure has stronger effects than the shear strain rate on Added delay time due to tilt
    granular shear stress.
    The shear window is less than 2 𝜇s
    Methods 1
    𝜏𝑠 = 𝜌𝑐𝑠 𝑣𝑓𝑠 𝑣0 −𝑣𝑓𝑠
    2 𝛾 =
    Pressure Shear Plate Impact 1 ℎ Results
    Projectile 𝜎 = 𝜌𝑐𝑑 𝑣𝑓 ≈ 1.74GPa
    Specimen 2
     Successfully completed one pressure shear plate
    Shear strain rate is 2 × 10 𝑠 4 −1
    Grating Shear strength is 270 impact experiment on granular boron carbide
    TDI
    MPa
    𝑢0 NVI/NDI  Measured shear stresses in the granular flow at
    𝑣0
    Incident Beam Figure 5: Normal Pressure Effects around 270 Mpa, normal stresses at around 1.74
    V
    Gpa, and shear rates of 2x104 s-1.
    TDI
    Pressure has a  At high rates, increasing the pressure increases the
    strong effect on the shear stress sustained by the granular material.
    Wedge Flyer Target shear stress  Pressure effects are stronger than strain rate effects.
    Internal friction
    coefficient is
    Acknowledgements
    approximately 0.16  Army Engineering Outreach Program—Research and
    Engineering Apprenticeship Program
    Early time behavior likely due to shear wave propagation through  Ramesh Lab of John’s Hopkins University: Alex Sun
    granular medium
    and K.T. Ramesh

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