Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 112 views

    Unit 5 Differential Equation

    Uploaded by

    lyssa daud
    Here are the key steps to determine rate of change: 1. Identify the variables that are changing with respect to each other 2. Write the differentiation statement relating these variables 3. Isolate the term containing the rate of change you want to find e.g. if finding dy/dx, isolate dy/dx 4. Substitute known values into the statement and simplify to determine the numerical rate of change 5. State rate of change in appropriate units This allows you to determine the rate of change between related variables using differentiation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Unit 5 Differential Equation

    Uploaded by

    lyssa daud
    112 views25 pages
    Here are the key steps to determine rate of change: 1. Identify the variables that are changing with respect to each other 2. Write the differentiation statement relating these variables 3. Isolate the term containing the rate of change you want to find e.g. if finding dy/dx, isolate dy/dx 4. Substitute known values into the statement and simplify to determine the numerical rate of change 5. State rate of change in appropriate units This allows you to determine the rate of change between related variables using differentiation.

    Original Description:

    Unit 5 Differential Equation

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Here are the key steps to determine rate of change: 1. Identify the variables that are changing with respect to each other 2. Write the differentiation statement relating these variables 3. Isolate the term containing the rate of change you want to find e.g. if finding dy/dx, isolate dy/dx 4. Substitute known values into the statement and simplify to determine the numerical rate of change 5. State rate of change in appropriate units This allows you to determine the rate of change between related variables using differentiation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    112 views25 pages

    Unit 5 Differential Equation

    Uploaded by

    lyssa daud
    Here are the key steps to determine rate of change: 1. Identify the variables that are changing with respect to each other 2. Write the differentiation statement relating these variables 3. Isolate the term containing the rate of change you want to find e.g. if finding dy/dx, isolate dy/dx 4. Substitute known values into the statement and simplify to determine the numerical rate of change 5. State rate of change in appropriate units This allows you to determine the rate of change between related variables using differentiation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25

    UNIT 5:

    DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Solutions of Differential Equations with
    Separable Variables
    5.3 Solutions of First Order Linear Differential
    Equations
    Application Rule/ prior knowledge

    dy
    Tangents and
    Differentiation
    Application of

    normals dx

    d2y
    Maximum and
    minimum dx2
    Chain rule
    Related Rates dy dy du
    = ×
    dx du dx
    dy
    Small increment in
    approximation dx
    APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATION

    2.1 Tangents and Normal


    Tangents and Normal
    Outcome
    1. Gradient of curve
    2. Tangent line
    a) Gradient of tangent
    b) Equation of tangent
    3. Normal line
    a) Gradient of Normal
    b) Equation of Normal
    (x1, y1) ●
    Prior knowledge
    dy
    Gradient, m =
    dx

    y – y1 = m ( x – x 1 )
    Tangents and Normal

    ← tangent line
    (x1, y1) ●
    ← curve

    ←Normal line
    1. Gradient of curve, mT
    Example
    y = x2 - 3
    Find the gradient of
    ● (1, 8)
    curve y = x2 - 3 at point (1,

    8)

    mT = y’(x1)
    1. Gradient of curve, mT
    Example

    (1, 8) ●
    y = x2 - 3 Find the gradient of

    curve y = -3x2 + 6 at point

    (-0.5, 7)

    mT = y’(x1)
    2. Equation of tangent
    Example
    y = x2 - 3
    Find the equation of
    ● (1, 8)
    tangent y = x2 - 3 at point

    (1, 8)

    mT = y’(x1) y – y1 = m ( x – x1 )
    2. Equation of tangent
    Example

    (1, 8) ●
    y = x2 - 3 Find the equation of

    tangent y = -3x2 + 6 at

    point (-0.5, 7)

    mT = y’(x1)
    3. Equation of Normal

    Example

    ● (1, 8) Find the equation of normal


    y = x2 - 3

    y = x2 - 3 at point (1, 8)

    −1
    mN =
    m y – y1 = m ( x – x1 )
    3. Equation of Normal

    Example
    (-0.5, 7) ● y = -3x2 + 6
    Find the equation of normal

    y = -3x2 + 6 at point (-0.5, 7)

    −1
    mN =
    m y – y1 = m ( x – x1 )
    APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATION

    2.2 Maximum & Minimum


    Maximum and Minimum
    ____________ point
    ↓

    ← curve

    ↑
    ____________ point
    Maximum and Minimum
    Outcome
    d2y
    maximum point 1. Second order derivatives,
    dx2
    ↓ 2. Determine coordinate of turning
    point.
    3. Determine nature of turning point
    ← curve 4. Problem solving of maximum and
    minimum.

    Prior knowledge
    ↑
    minimum point dy d2y
    ,
    dx dx2
    1. Second order derivatives, y’’
    d2 y Example
    • = y’’
    dx2
    • Referring to two
    times differentiation
    Find second order
    derivatives for the
    following

    a) y = 8x4 + 7x3
    3 3
    b) y = x - 5x-1 – 1.5
    4
    y' = 0 Turning
    points

    y’’ > 0 y’’ < 0


    y’’(x) Positive Negative

    nature Minimum
    point
    Maximum
    point
    2. Turning Points
    Example 2.2.2 (a)
    Turning
    y' = 0 points
    The curve is given by
    y = 2x2 – 8x + 1
    y’’ > 0 y’’ < 0
    i. Find coordinate of y’’(x) Positive Negative
    turning point
    ii. Determine the
    nature of turning nature
    Minimum
    point
    Maximum
    point
    point
    2. Turning Points
    Example 2.2.2 (b)
    Turning
    y' = 0 points The curve is given by
    y = 3x - 5x2 + 6
    y’’ > 0 y’’ < 0
    y’’(x) Positive Negative
    i. Find coordinate of
    turning point
    ii. Determine the
    nature
    Minimum
    point
    Maximum
    point
    nature of turning
    point
    3. Problem Solving
    Example 2.2.3 (a)

    25
    The resistance of motion, F is given by F = + 100x.
    x

    i. Determine the optimum resistance


    ii. Determine the nature of the resistance.
    3. Problem Solving
    Example 2.2.3 (b)

    The acceleration of particle is given by a = t2 + 2t – 1

    i. Determine the optimum acceleration of the


    particle.
    ii. Determine the nature of the acceleration.
    3. Problem Solving
    Example 2.2.3

    y 5x

    4x
    A triangle has perimeter of 120m. Determine
    i. The equation of area in form of x.
    ii. Maximum value of x and y
    iii. Maximum area of triangle.
    APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATION

    2.3 Related Rates of Change


    Related Rates of Change
    Outcome
    1. Determine rate of change.
    a) State the
    differentiation
    statement
    b) State the rate of Prior knowledge
    change
    c) Related rate of change
    2. Solved problem involving Chain rule
    related rates of change. dy dy du
    = ×
    dx du dx
    1. State differentiation statement
    For the following state the rate of change in form
    of differentiation.

    dy
    Rates of change of y with respect to x →
    dx

    dA
    Rates of change of A with respect to h →
    dh

    Rates of change of y with respect to t


    State the
    Rates of change of V with respect to t differentiation
    statement
    2. Determine rate of change

    You might also like