Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 407 views

    CH 03 Lattice Charts

    Uploaded by

    Amit Pandey
    Latticed charts have grids or lines superimposed on navigational charts to aid with hyperbolic navigation systems like Decca and Loran. These systems use the difference in arrival times of radio signals from paired transmitter stations to determine lines of position. The intersection of two such hyperbolic lines can provide a position fix. Specifically, the Loran system pairs a master station with two slave stations, with the time differences between signals identifying lines on a chart to find the user's location. Modern Loran receivers directly display latitude and longitude rather than time differences for increased accuracy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    CH 03 Lattice Charts

    Uploaded by

    Amit Pandey
    407 views3 pages
    Latticed charts have grids or lines superimposed on navigational charts to aid with hyperbolic navigation systems like Decca and Loran. These systems use the difference in arrival times of radio signals from paired transmitter stations to determine lines of position. The intersection of two such hyperbolic lines can provide a position fix. Specifically, the Loran system pairs a master station with two slave stations, with the time differences between signals identifying lines on a chart to find the user's location. Modern Loran receivers directly display latitude and longitude rather than time differences for increased accuracy.

    Original Description:

    charts

    Original Title

    Ch 03 Lattice Charts

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Latticed charts have grids or lines superimposed on navigational charts to aid with hyperbolic navigation systems like Decca and Loran. These systems use the difference in arrival times of radio signals from paired transmitter stations to determine lines of position. The intersection of two such hyperbolic lines can provide a position fix. Specifically, the Loran system pairs a master station with two slave stations, with the time differences between signals identifying lines on a chart to find the user's location. Modern Loran receivers directly display latitude and longitude rather than time differences for increased accuracy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    407 views3 pages

    CH 03 Lattice Charts

    Uploaded by

    Amit Pandey
    Latticed charts have grids or lines superimposed on navigational charts to aid with hyperbolic navigation systems like Decca and Loran. These systems use the difference in arrival times of radio signals from paired transmitter stations to determine lines of position. The intersection of two such hyperbolic lines can provide a position fix. Specifically, the Loran system pairs a master station with two slave stations, with the time differences between signals identifying lines on a chart to find the user's location. Modern Loran receivers directly display latitude and longitude rather than time differences for increased accuracy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Chapter 3

    Lattice Charts

    Latticed charts
    Latticed charts are charts with grids or position lines superimposed on
    normal Mercator navigational charts of a specific scale. In order to
    understand them, some basic introduction of the systems and
    associated equipment used is needed.

    Hyperbolic navigation systems


    The navigational method provided by hyperbolic systems like Decca
    and Loran are based on the principle of the phase / time difference
    between the receipt of signals from a pair of radio transmitters. A given
    constant time difference between the signals from the two stations can
    be represented by a hyperbolic line of position (LOP). If the positions of
    the two synchronized stations are known, then the position of the
    receiver can be determined as being somewhere on a particular
    hyperbolic curve, where the time difference between the received
    signals is constant. (In ideal conditions, this is proportionally equivalent
    to the difference of the distances from the receiver to each of the two
    stations.)
    By itself, with only two stations, the 2-dimensional position of the
    receiver cannot be fixed. A second application of the same principle
    must be used, based on the time difference of a different pair of
    stations. By determining the intersection of the two hyperbolic curves
    identified by the application of this method, a geographic fix can be
    determined

    Decca system
    The DECCA system is now obsolete with no coverage at all and is
    therefore not discussed here. However it was one of the first hyperbolic
    systems.

    Loran
    9
    The LORAN system is still used in some parts of the world. One station
    remains constant in each application of the principle called the master,
    being paired up separately with two other secondary stations called
    slaves. Given two slaves stations, the time difference (TD) between the
    master and first slave identifies one curve, and the time difference
    between the master and second slave identifies another curve, the
    intersections of which will determine a geographic point in relation to the
    position of the three stations. These curves are often referred to as "TD
    lines."
    Common marine navigational Loran charts include visible
    representations of TD lines at regular intervals over water areas. The
    TD lines representing a given master-slave pairing are printed with
    distinct colours, and include an indication of the specific time difference
    indicated by each line.

    The accuracy in the inland water areas


    Due to interference and propagation issues suffered by low-frequency
    signals from land features, and man-made structures, the accuracy of
    the LORAN signal is degraded considerably in inland water areas. As a
    result, nautical charts will not print any TD lines in those water areas, to
    prevent reliance on LORAN for navigation.
    In other words TD lines on the chart are like permanently printed
    position lines each of which is given identification. The receiver
    indicates these identified lines on its display at any given instant. Two or
    more such lines if received by the receiver and identified on the chart
    will give a position fix.
    Traditional LORAN receivers generally display the time difference
    between each pairing of the master and one of the two selected
    secondary stations. These numbers can then be found and related to
    those of the TD lines printed on the chart.
    Modern LORAN receivers displays latitude and longitude instead of
    signal time differences, with increasing accuracy.

    10
    Fig: A Loran C lattice superimposed over a navigational chart. Note the
    position of a vessel at 1825 would read as 7980 – Y – 44900 and 7980 – Z -
    60800

    11

    You might also like