University of the Philippines

College of Science

Physics 73

First Problem Set

Second Semester, AY 2017–2018

Name: Instructor:

Section/Class Schedule: Student Number:

Degree Program: College:

First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

Instructions: Choose the letter of the best answer to each of the following questions. Place
your answers to where you are instructed to do so. Any form of cheating in examinations or
any act of dishonesty in relation to studies, such as plagiarism, shall be subject to disci-
plinary action.

USEFUL CONSTANTS
cwater = 4190 [J/kg · K]
cice = 2100 [J/kg · K]
csteam = 2000 [J/kg · K]
Lf (water) = 334 × 103 [J/kg]
Lv(water) = 2260 × 103 [J/kg] 
σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W/m2 · K4
R = 8.31 [J/mol · K] = 0.0821 [L · atm/mol · K]
NA = 6.02 × 1023 [molecules/mol]
k = 1.38 × 10−23 [J/molecule · K]

USEFUL CONVERSION FACTOR

1.00 [cal] = 4.186[J] 
1, 000 [L] = 1.00 m3
1.00 [atm] = 1.013 × 105 [Pa]

1. TT’. A thermometer is in thermal equilibrium with a hot metal rod. What happens when
the thermometer is placed in contact with the rod?
A. The thermometer reading changes.
B. The rod elongates.
C. The rod cools down.
D. There is no change in both the rod and the thermometer.

2. Climate Change is Real. According to NASA scientists, the average global temperature
on Earth has increased by about 0.8 [C◦ ] since 1880. What is the corresponding tempera-
ture change in the Fahrenheit scale?
A. 33.44 [F◦ ]
B. 0.44 [F◦ ]
C. 1.44 [F◦ ]
D. −30.56 [F◦ ]

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

3. Thermal Expansion? A rod made of aluminum α = 2.31 × 10−5 K1 was pulled out
 

from a hot furnace operating at 150 [◦ C]. After cooling down the rod to 50 [◦ C], it was
found that its length is 1.2500 [m]. What was the rod’s length inside the furnace?
A. 1.24288 [m]
B. 1.24712 [m]
C. 1.25289 [m]
D. 1.25713 [m]

4. Wired and Wicked. Two wires A and B of the same length and material are stretched just
taut (zero tension) between two walls. Both wires are cooled by an amount ∆T . If wire A’s
cross-sectional area is twice that of wire B, what is the ratio of the thermal stress in wire A
to wire B given that both wires are prevented from being compressed?
A. 1
B. 2
1
C.
2
1
D.
4

5. QMCAT. Object A and object B have the same mass. Object A has a higher specific heat
capacity than object B. What happens when an equal amount of heat is added to both A
and B?
A. There is an equal change in temperature for both objects A and B.
B. There is a larger change in temperature in object A than in object B.
C. There is a larger change in temperature in object B than in object A.
D. There is no change in both objects A and B.

6. Hot Bath. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 40.0 [kg] of water from
18 [◦ C] to 40 [◦ C]?
A. 3687 [kJ]
B. 3.687 [kJ]
C. 2006 [kJ]
D. 49.324 [kJ]

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

7. Love You to the Steam and Ice. A canister contains 1 [kg] of steam at 100 [◦ C] and ice
blocks at 0 [◦ C]. After a long time, the temperature inside the canister is 40 [◦ C]. How
many ice blocks were there if a block weighs 100 [g]? Assume that no heat is absorbed by
the container.
A. 10 [pieces]
B. 40 [pieces]
C. 50 [pieces]
D. 151 [pieces]

8. Ice and Fire. Jon and Dany were sitting side by side in front of a fireplace inside a closed
room. Which of the following methods of heat transfer allowed Jon and Dany to feel the
warmth coming from the fireplace?
I. Conduction
II. Convection
III. Radiation
A. III only
B. II and III only
C. I and III only
D. I and II only

9. 143, 214, 327 = Why so serious? Three metals rods

namely α, β, and γ have the following properties:
kα = 4kβ = 3kγ
2Aα = Aβ = 4Aγ
3Lα = 2Lβ = 7Lγ
where ki is the thermal conductivity of the metal, Ai is
the cross sectional area of the metal, and Li is the length
of the metal where i is the ith metal. What is the temper-
ature at the junction, TJ ?
A. 61 [◦ C]
B. 64 [◦ C]
C. 77 [◦ C]
D. 81 [◦ C]

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

10. Heat-er. For a spherical body, which of the following will result to an increase in the heat
current due to radiation?
A. Reducing the radius
B. Decreasing the surface temperature
C. Lowering the emissivity
D. Doubling the surface temperature

11. Ideal Gas. Which of the following is true?

A. The ideal gas equation holds for very low temperatures.
B. Ideal gases are made up of strongly interacting particles.
C. Ideal gases exert pressure on the walls of the container.
D. The ideal gas equation applies to liquids.

 
12. Expanding Gas in a Chamber. An ideal gas has a volume of 0.5 m3 and temperature  of
◦

56.85 [ C]. What will be the temperature of the gas if the volume increases to 0.65 m3
and the pressure doubles?
A. 147.81 [◦ C]
B. 420.96 [◦ C]
C. 584.85 [◦ C]
D. 858.00 [◦ C]

13. I’m A Homunculus! Boxes A and B both with volume, V , and temperature, T , contain n
moles of a certain gas. The gas molecules in box A exert attractive force toward each other
while the gas in box B is considered to be ideal. What is the relationship of the pressure of
the gas in box A, p, with the pressure of the gas in box B, p0 ?
A. p = p0
B. p < p0
C. p > p0
D. Cannot be determined

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

14. Kinetic Model of an Ideal Gas. Which of the following is/are part of the assumptions of
the kinetic-molecular model of an ideal gas?
I. The particles are small compared to the size of the container.
II. Collisions between the container wall and particles are inelastic.
III. The container walls are perfectly rigid.
A. I & II only
B. I & III only
C. II & III only
D. I , II, & III

15. Are you sure? A rigid box contains N ideal gas molecules. What will happen to the
pressure of the gas if the rms speed of the gas molecules doubles?
A. Nothing will happen.
B. Pressure will be reduced by half.
C. Pressure will double.
D. Pressure will quadruple.

16. Arms Race. Two separate rigid containers A and B both contain n [mol] of a certain
monatomic ideal gas. Container A’s temperature is kept at 3T, while container B’s temper-
ature is kept at 4T. What is the ratio of the gases’ rms speeds vrms,A /vrms,B ?
√
3
A.
2
9
B.
16
3
C.
4√
2 3
D.
3

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73
 g 
17. This Tribution. A rigid vessel contains 2.00 moles of O2 gas (M = 32.00 mol ) at
m
o

25 C. What
 m  fraction of the molecules have speeds less than 289.24 s and greater than
771.31 s ?

v/vrms fraction v/vrms fraction

0.20 0.011 1.20 0.771
0.40 0.077 1.40 0.882
0.60 0.218 1.60 0.947
0.80 0.411 1.80 0.979
1.00 0.608 2.00 0.993
A. 0.729
B. 0.947
C. 0.218
D. 0.271

18. Hot Nunal. A rigid container contains a compound which was found to have a molar heat
capacity of 23 R at constant volume. Which of the following compounds might be inside the
rigid container?
I. Water (H2 O)
II. Sulfur Monoxide (SO)
III. Helium gas (He)
A. III only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III

19. 7D. What is the molar heat capacity of a gas at constant volume with 7 degrees of freedom?
A. 7kB T
7
B. kB T
2
C. 7R
7
D. R
2

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

20. Phase2Phase. Consider the phase diagram of

carbon dioxide as shown. Its triple point oc-
curs at (Tp , Pp ) = (216.8 [K], 510.2 [kPa]) and
its critical point is at (Tc , Pc ) = (304.2 [K],
7380.0 [kPa]). What is its phase at (T, P) =
(260.4 [K], 506.6 [kPa])?
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
D. Supercritical Fluid

21. Balloonair. Consider an ideal gas that expands isothermally by pushing against the mov-
able wall of its container. Which of the following statements is/are true?
I. Heat flows into the gas.
II. Work is done by the gas.
III. The internal energy of the gas increases.
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II only
D. II and III only

22. D.R.A.M. it, or go home Z.A.G.F.A.V.C.A.N. An ideal

gas is compressed at constant temperature as shown by
the pV diagram. What is the work done by the gas?
pA = 4 × 104 [Pa]
= 12 × 10−3 m3
 
VA
pB = 8 × 104 [Pa]
= 6 × 10−3 m3
 
VB
A. −333 [J]
B. −166 [J]
C. 166 [J]
D. 333 [J]

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

23. You Do Not Talk About Thermodynamics. Which of the following is equivalent to the
First Law of Thermodynamics?
A. ∆U = Q + W
B. ∆U = −Q + W
C. ∆U = Q − W
D. ∆U = −Q − W

24. Trust The Process. For any thermodynamic system, in which of the following processes
is the change in internal energy always zero?
I. Isochoric Process
II. Adiabatic Process
III. Isothermal Process
IV. Cyclic Process
A. III only
B. IV only
C. III and IV only
D. I, II, III and IV

25. 1, 2, 3... . The figure shows four paths traversed

by 1 [mol] of an ideal gas. Rank the paths accord-
ing to the change in the internal energy of the gas
starting with the most negative to the most posi-
tive. Thin lines with no directions or arrows are
isotherms.∆Ua−j corresponds to the change in in-
ternal energy from state a to state j.
A. ∆Ua−1 , ∆Ua−2 , ∆Ua−3 , ∆Ua−4
B. ∆Ua−1 , ∆Ua−2 , ∆Ua−4 , ∆Ua−3
C. ∆Ua−2 , ∆Ua−1 , ∆Ua−3 , ∆Ua−4
D. ∆Ua−2 , ∆Ua−1 , ∆Ua−4 , ∆Ua−3

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

26. Gasgas na. Consider the following:

I. Ideal diatomic gas
II. Ideal monatomic gas
III. Monatomic solid
Which of the following describes the relationship of the heat capacities at constant volume
of I, II and III?
A. II > I > III
B. I = II > III
C. II > I = III
D. III > I > II

27. Adiabat . An ideal diatomic gas undergoes

 3  an adiabatic compression. Its initial pressure
and volume are 120 [kPa] and 0.200 m , respectively. Its final pressure is 240 [kPa].
How much work is done by the gas?
A. −13.1 [kJ]
B. −18.4 [kJ]
C. −38.8 [kJ]
D. −152.9 [kJ]

28. I Thought I Saw An Adiabat! The pV-diagram

shown illustrates the adiabatic compression of a
monatomic ideal gas from state b to state a. The
curved dashed lines represent isotherms. If the gas
has an initial pressure of 1.00 [atm], what is its final
pressure?
A. 2.32 [atm]
B. 0.431 [atm]
C. 0.604 [atm]
D. 1.66 [atm]

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

29. Such much wow. Which diagram represents a heat engine that discards 50 [J] of energy
and performs 100 [J] of work per cycle?

30. Gasoline engine. A gasoline engine in a large truck takes in 13750 [J] of heat and delivers
2200 [J] of mechanical work. What is the thermal efficiency of this engine?
A. 80%
B. 16%
C. 84%
D. 20%

31. F=ma? Consider the different cycles of an ideal gas below. Solid curves are adiabats
while broken curves are isotherms. Straight lines are either isobars or isochors. Which
cycle violates the second law of thermodynamics?

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

32. Air conditioner. An air conditioner unit absorbs 8.90 × 104 [J] of heat from the room
being cooled and discards 4.14 × 105 [J] of heat into the outside air per cycle. Which of
the following diagrams correctly describes the energy flow in the the air conditioner?

33. Power Ref. A refrigerator uses 200 [W] of power and delivers 900 [J] of energy to the hot
reservoir per second. What is the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator?
A. 3.5
B. 4.2
C. 2.0
D. 5.7

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

34. wal dnoces. Which of the following statements is equivalent to the second law of thermo-
dynamics?
A. No heat engine operating between hot and cold reservoirs can have an efficiency
greater than the Carnot efficiency.
B. No heat engine working in a cycle can discard all of the input energy into a
reservoir.
C. A refrigerator cannot transfer energy from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir if
there is no input work.
D. A refrigerator working with maximum possible coefficient of performance is
built out of reversible processes.

35. Atin ’to, Papasok ’to. Which of the following processes are NOT involved in the Carnot
cycle?
I. Adiabatic process
II. Isochoric process
III. Isothermal process
IV. Isobaric process
A. I, and III only
B. I, II, and III only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. II, and IV only

36. Cold Carnot. A heat engine is to operate using hot and cold reservoirs at temperatures of
414 [◦ C] and 53 [◦ C], respectively. What is the maximum possible efficiency of the engine?
A. 0.525
B. 0.713
C. 0.134
D. 0.234

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First Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2017–2018 Physics 73

37. CHi-Of -P. Which of the following scenarios result to an increase in the coefficient of
performance of a Carnot refrigerator?
I. running the cold chamber of the refrigerator at a slightly higher temperature
II. running the cold chamber of the refrigerator at a slightly lower temperature
III. moving the refrigerator to a slightly warmer room
IV. moving the refrigerator to a slightly cooler room
A. I and III only
B. I and IV only
C. II and III only
D. II and IV only

38. Cool down. A coffee cup calorimeter contains 100 [g] of water at 100 [◦ C]. You put in
10 [g] of ice at 0 [◦ C]. What is the entropy change of the hot water as it cools to the
equilibrium temperature? Assume that the heat absorbed by the calorimeter is negligible.
A. −18.76 [J/K]
B. 18.76 [J/K]
C. −1.46 [kJ/K]
D. 1.46 [kJ/K]

39. Entropy. Which of the following correspond/s to a decrease in entropy of the system?
I. Evaporation of perfume
II. Melting of ice
III. Condensation of steam on a kitchen window
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. III only

40. Order vs Disorder. Which statement best describes the equilibrium state?
A. It has the lowest number of microstates and has greatest entropy.
B. It has the highest number of microstates and has greatest entropy.
C. It has a highest number of microstates and has lowest entropy.
D. It has a lowest number of microstates and has lowest entropy.

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