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    Sea State Exercises

    Uploaded by

    Alex Ruiz
    Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun, which cause waters to flow out on one side of the Earth and flow in on the other side simultaneously. Spring tides occur when the moon and sun are aligned, producing the highest high tides and lowest low tides, while neap tides occur when they are at a 90 or 270 degree angle, producing lower high tides and higher low tides. The horizontal movement of water caused by tides is called a tidal current, with the flood current occurring during rising tides and the ebb current during falling tides.

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    Sea State Exercises

    Uploaded by

    Alex Ruiz
    46 views3 pages
    Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun, which cause waters to flow out on one side of the Earth and flow in on the other side simultaneously. Spring tides occur when the moon and sun are aligned, producing the highest high tides and lowest low tides, while neap tides occur when they are at a 90 or 270 degree angle, producing lower high tides and higher low tides. The horizontal movement of water caused by tides is called a tidal current, with the flood current occurring during rising tides and the ebb current during falling tides.

    Original Description:

    inglés náutico

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    Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun, which cause waters to flow out on one side of the Earth and flow in on the other side simultaneously. Spring tides occur when the moon and sun are aligned, producing the highest high tides and lowest low tides, while neap tides occur when they are at a 90 or 270 degree angle, producing lower high tides and higher low tides. The horizontal movement of water caused by tides is called a tidal current, with the flood current occurring during rising tides and the ebb current during falling tides.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    46 views3 pages

    Sea State Exercises

    Uploaded by

    Alex Ruiz
    Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun, which cause waters to flow out on one side of the Earth and flow in on the other side simultaneously. Spring tides occur when the moon and sun are aligned, producing the highest high tides and lowest low tides, while neap tides occur when they are at a 90 or 270 degree angle, producing lower high tides and higher low tides. The horizontal movement of water caused by tides is called a tidal current, with the flood current occurring during rising tides and the ebb current during falling tides.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Sea State, Tides and Currents.

    Exercises
    1.-State whether the following statements are true or false
    1.-Tides are the inflow and outflow of the sea in coastal harbours and bays primarily due to the
    attractive force of the Moon and the Sun.
    2.-The tide that produces one high and one low water a day is called the semidiurnal tide
    3.-A neap tide is the result of the combined attractive force of the Moon, and the Sun.
    4.-Spring tides result when the Sun is opposing the Moon, as at the first quarter.
    5.-The movement of water in a vertical direction is called the current
    6.- A current in the ocean is often called a Stream.
    7.- The period between the flood and ebb or ebb and flood with a strong current is called slack
    water
    8.-The period when the tidal currents is flowing towards the land is called the ebb.
    9.-The outflowing current is called the ebb tide
    10.-The difference between the extreme levels of the ebb and flood tide is called the range of the
    tide.

    2.-Complete these sentences:


    1.- The tide is the result of the attractive forces of_________________
    2.-Spring tides occur when_______________________
    3.-Neap tides occur when _________________________
    4.-The influence of the Moon upon the tide is two and a half times greater than_____________
    ____________________
    5.-The Mean Sea Level is the average level of the surface of the sea between.....
    6.- The horizontal movement of the water as the tide rises and falls is known as ______________
    _______________
    7.-The Chart datum is the point from which we measure________________

    3.-Fill in the missing term: (spring or neap tide)


    ______________________are those tides which rise highest and fall lowest from the mean tide
    level, as compared with __________________tides, which are those which rise lowest and fall
    highest. __________________tides occur when the pull of the Sun and the Moon act in
    opposition, either 90° or 270° apart. _______________tides occur when the pull of the Moon
    and the Sun act together, i.e., 0° or 180° apart. There are two _____________________ tides and
    two _____________tides every ninety days.

    4.-Supply the link words: (then, before, during, because, until)


    ____________________one day (24 hours) Poole harbour actually gets four separate high
    waters. From low water the side starts to make (i.e. rise) and continues ____________ it reaches
    its peak point. ________________, like any normal tide, it starts to ebb. However, ___________
    it can complete the ebb cycle to low water, the tide starts to make once more, bringing a second
    high water with it. This occurs ______________ Poole harbour lies at the meeting point of two
    separate tidal streams.

    1
    5-Ask the following questions in English and answer them:
    1.- ¿Cual es la diferencia entre marea y corriente de la marea?

    2.- ¿Cuando tiene lugar la parada de la marea?

    3.-¿En qué se diferencian las mareas vivas y las mareas muertas?

    4.-¿Cuando tiene lugar la corriente de la marea vaciante?

    5.-¿Qué son las corrientes oceánicas?

    6.- Complete the following:


    Tides are caused by _________________ forces that cause the waters to ____________ out on
    one side of the earth and, simultaneously, to ________________ away on the other side of the
    earth. When all these forces are added together, a ______________tide will arise; when the pull
    of the sun cancels out half the moon’s pull, _____________tide will arise. Tides are always
    measured from _______________datum; levels are always stated at ________________, or
    mean heights. When tide is turning we speak of_______________ tide.

    7.-Translate into English:


    1.- La marea es de 3 metros más de lo previsto

    2.-La profundidad del agua es de 12 metros en la situación......

    3.-La profundidad del agua indicada en las cartas se ha incrementado en ...metros debido al
    estado de la mar

    4.- Se prevén mareas anormalmente bajas en la situación......a aproximadamente las 1700 horas
    UTC

    5.-Mi calado es de 18 metros. ¿Puedo pasar por.....?

    6.-La marea está subiendo. Espere a la pleamar.

    7.- ¿Hay profundidad suficiente en la situación....?

    8.-La marea actual está 3 metros por debajo del datum en la situación.....

    2
    9.- La marea está bajando, faltan 2 horas para la bajamar

    10.- Las previsiones para la marea en la situación...son:

    11.-La marea está en repunte.

    12.- La corriente de la marea es de 6 nudos en dirección...

    13.- El reflujo mareal es de 120 grados en dirección..

    14.- La profundidad ha aumentado .......metros con respecto a la indicada en las cartas


    debido a los vientos

    8.- Translate into English:


    A.-La marea es el ascenso y el descenso periódico del nivel del mar y está causada por la
    atracción de la luna y del sol sobre las aguas de la Tierra. La atracción de la luna es mayor que la
    del sol, pero las fuerzas combinadas de ambos tienen su mayor efecto cuando el sol y la luna
    están alineados con la tierra, es decir, con luna nueva y luna llena, y su menor efecto cuando
    están aproximadamente en ángulo recto, es decir, en cuarto creciente y cuarto menguante. Esta
    variación afecta a la amplitud de la marea, o sea, la diferencia de nivel entre una pleamar y una
    bajamar consecutivas. Cuando se experimentan las pleamares más altas y las bajamares más
    bajas es poco después de la luna llena y la luna nueva, y las mareas se denominan mareas vivas.
    En cuarto menguante y cuarto creciente se experimentan las pleamares más bajas y las bajamares
    más altas. En este período las mareas se denominan mareas muertas.

    B.- Mientras el término marea describe un movimiento vertical del mar, el término corriente
    describe el movimiento horizontal del mar ocasionado por la marea. La amplitud de la marea es
    la diferencia entre los niveles de pleamar y bajamar sucesivas y el repunte de la marea es el
    período en la pleamar o la bajamar en que no se puede detectar subida o bajada.
    La subida de la marea en puerto va acompañada de lo que suele llamarse corriente entrante, y la
    bajada de la marea de lo que se llama corriente vaciante. Como ni la corriente entrante ni la
    vaciante cambian de dirección necesariamente a las horas de la pleamar y la bajamar, deberían
    llamarse en los puertos y ríos, respectivamente, corrientes que van hacia adentro o hacia afuera,
    pero lejos de la orilla deben denominarse según la dirección en la que fluyen.
    A diferencia de un viento, una corriente de la marea se denomina por la dirección en la que va,
    así hablamos de una corriente que va hacia el oeste o una corriente que tira en dirección 270°,
    por ejemplo.

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