Design For Shear

CHAPTER 3
www.uthm.edu.my REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN 1 (BFC32102)

SEMESTER 1 2017/2018
DESIGN FOR SHEAR

Lecturer : Pn Zalipah Jamellodin
Department of Structures and Material Engineering
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering
University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
07-456 4248 /  zalipah@uthm.edu.my
 No. 14. Ground Floor, Block B, FKAAS
With Wisdom We Explore

Design for shear
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 Where BM is greatest: Cracks are caused by Bending Stress in the

tension zone
 Where SF is greatest: Cracks are caused by Diagonal Tension /
Diagonal
 Compression due to complementary shears.
 Euro Code 2: Cl.6.2.1(8), Cl.6.3(1&3), Cl.6.3.(3),
Cl.6.2.3(3),Cl.9.2.2(5&6)

Design for shear
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 EC 2 introduces the strut inclination method for shear capacity

checks. In this method the shear is resisted by concrete struts
acting in compression and shear reinforcement acting in tension.

Design for shear
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Design for shear
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 The diagonal compressive strut
 In EC2 this equation is modified by the inclusion of a strength

reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear v1 and the
introduction of coefficient taking account of the state of the stress
in compression chord αcw thus,

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 It is set by the EC2 to limit the θ value between 22 to 45 degrees.

The recommended value for αcw and v1 are given in Clause 6.2.3
EC2. For the purpose of this module the following values are used,
αcw = 1.0 , v1 = 0.6 (1 – fck/250) hence,
 The shear resistance of the link is given by;

Design for shear
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 If the links are spaced at a distance s apart, then the shear

resistance of the link is increased proportionately and is given by;
 All shear force will be resisted by the provision of links with no

direct contribution from shear capacity of concrete itself.

Design for shear
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 Thus rearranging
 EC2 (Cl. 9.2.2) specifies a minimum value for Asw/s such that,
 EC2 (Cl. 9.2.2) also specifies that the maximum spacing of

vertical link should not exceed 0.75d.

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Design procedures;
 Determine design shear force Ved
 Determine the concrete strut capacity for cot θ =1.0 and cot θ
=2.5 (θ = 22o and θ = 45o respectively)
 If VEd > VRd,max cot θ = 1.0 Redesign section

 If VEd < VRd,max cot θ = 2.5, use cot θ = 2.5, and calculate the
shear reinforcement as follows

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 If VRd,max cot θ = 2.5 < VEd < VRd,max cot θ = 1.0
 Calculate
 Calculate shear link as
 Calculate the minimum links required by EC2: Cl 9.2.2(5),

Design for shear
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 Calculate the additional, longitudinal tensile force caused by

the shear
 Determine additional tension reinforcement,
As  f td / 0.87 f yk

Example 3.1
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100 kN/m
b = 225 mm
8m
2H16
Char. strength of concrete, fck = 30 N/mm2
Char. Strength of reinforcement, fyk = 500 N/mm2 d = 500 mm
Tension steel, 3H25 = 1473 mm2

Compression steel, 2H16 = 402 mm2 3H25
Design the shear reinforcement using vertical links.

Solution of Example 3.1
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• Design shear force,

Ved = wL/2 = 100 x 8.0 / 2 = 400 kN
• Concrete strut capacity

0.36 fck bw d 1  fck / 250 
VRd .max 
cot   tan  
0.36 30 225500 1  30 / 250 

cot   tan 
 371kN    22, cot  2.5
 535kN    45, cot  1.0

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VRd . max (cot   2.5)  VEd  VRd . max cot   1.0
• Calculate angle θ,
 VEd 
  0.5 sin 1  
 0.18b df
w ck 1  f ck / 250 
1  400 x10 3

 0.5 sin  
 0.1822550030 1  30 / 250 
 0.5 sin 10.75  24.2
 Use :   24.2  tan  0.45, cot  2.22

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• Design shear links

Asw VEd

s 0.78 f yk d cot 
400 x103

0.78(500)(500)( 2.22)
 0.923
• Try link: H10 (Asw= 157 mm2)
Spacing, s = 157 / 0.92
= 170 mm
• Maximum spacing, smax = 0.75d = 0.75(500) = 375 mm
USE: H10-150

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• Minimum links - EC2: Cl 9.2.2(5)

Asw 0.08bw f ck

s f yk
0.08(225) 30

500
 0.197
• Try link: H10 (Asw= 157 mm2)

Spacing, s = 157 / 0.20
= 797 mm > 0.75d (375 mm)
USE: H10-350

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• Shear resistance of minimum links

V min ( Asw / s)0.87df yk cot  
 (157 / 350)(0.78)(500)(500)(2.5)
 214kN

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• Links arrangement
x = (400-217)/100
400kN
= 1.83m
217kN
217kN 400kN
H10-150 H10-350 H10-150

1.83m 4.33m 1.83m

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• Additional longitudinal reinforcement;

- Additional tensile force,
Ftd  0.5VEd cot 
 0.5(400)( 2.22)
 445kN
- Additional tension reinforcement,

As  Ftd / 0.87 f yk
 445x103 / 0.87(500)
 1022mm2

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CHAPTER 3

www.uthm.edu.my REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN 1 (BFC32102)

DESIGN FOR SHEAR

With Wisdom We Explore

 Where BM is greatest: Cracks are caused by Bending Stress in the

With Wisdom We Explore

 EC 2 introduces the strut inclination method for shear capacity

With Wisdom We Explore

With Wisdom We Explore

 The diagonal compressive strut

 In EC2 this equation is modified by the inclusion of a strength

With Wisdom We Explore

 It is set by the EC2 to limit the θ value between 22 to 45 degrees.

 The shear resistance of the link is given by;

With Wisdom We Explore

 If the links are spaced at a distance s apart, then the shear

 All shear force will be resisted by the provision of links with no

With Wisdom We Explore

 EC2 (Cl. 9.2.2) also specifies that the maximum spacing of

With Wisdom We Explore

 If VEd > VRd,max cot θ = 1.0 Redesign section

With Wisdom We Explore

 If VRd,max cot θ = 2.5 < VEd < VRd,max cot θ = 1.0

 Calculate shear link as

 Calculate the minimum links required by EC2: Cl 9.2.2(5),

With Wisdom We Explore

 Calculate the additional, longitudinal tensile force caused by

 Determine additional tension reinforcement,

With Wisdom We Explore

Tension steel, 3H25 = 1473 mm2

Design the shear reinforcement using vertical links.

With Wisdom We Explore

• Design shear force,

• Concrete strut capacity

With Wisdom We Explore

VRd . max (cot   2.5)  VEd  VRd . max cot   1.0

With Wisdom We Explore

• Design shear links

With Wisdom We Explore

• Minimum links - EC2: Cl 9.2.2(5)

• Try link: H10 (Asw= 157 mm2)

With Wisdom We Explore

• Shear resistance of minimum links

With Wisdom We Explore

H10-150 H10-350 H10-150

With Wisdom We Explore

• Additional longitudinal reinforcement;

- Additional tension reinforcement,

With Wisdom We Explore

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