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    Molecular Basis of Inheritance Questions

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    Kella Ortega
    The document discusses the molecular basis of inheritance including DNA, RNA, and the central dogma of molecular biology. It explains that all cells in an organism contain identical DNA that codes for proteins, though different genes may be expressed in different cell types. The structure of DNA is described, including that it is made of nucleotides with a sugar-phosphate backbone forming the double helix structure. DNA replication and transcription are also summarized, with transcription being the synthesis of RNA using a DNA template.

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    Molecular Basis of Inheritance Questions

    Uploaded by

    Kella Ortega
    146 views5 pages
    The document discusses the molecular basis of inheritance including DNA, RNA, and the central dogma of molecular biology. It explains that all cells in an organism contain identical DNA that codes for proteins, though different genes may be expressed in different cell types. The structure of DNA is described, including that it is made of nucleotides with a sugar-phosphate backbone forming the double helix structure. DNA replication and transcription are also summarized, with transcription being the synthesis of RNA using a DNA template.

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    Notes on Molecular Basis of Inheritance

    Original Title

    Molecular Basis of Inheritance

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    The document discusses the molecular basis of inheritance including DNA, RNA, and the central dogma of molecular biology. It explains that all cells in an organism contain identical DNA that codes for proteins, though different genes may be expressed in different cell types. The structure of DNA is described, including that it is made of nucleotides with a sugar-phosphate backbone forming the double helix structure. DNA replication and transcription are also summarized, with transcription being the synthesis of RNA using a DNA template.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    146 views5 pages

    Molecular Basis of Inheritance Questions

    Uploaded by

    Kella Ortega
    The document discusses the molecular basis of inheritance including DNA, RNA, and the central dogma of molecular biology. It explains that all cells in an organism contain identical DNA that codes for proteins, though different genes may be expressed in different cell types. The structure of DNA is described, including that it is made of nucleotides with a sugar-phosphate backbone forming the double helix structure. DNA replication and transcription are also summarized, with transcription being the synthesis of RNA using a DNA template.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 5
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that DNA is the genetic material that codes for proteins and other molecules, DNA has a double helix structure, and DNA replicates semi-conservatively and is transcribed into RNA.

    DNA is the genetic material because it contains the instructions to make proteins, mRNA, tRNA and rRNA. It can code for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism through genes.

    DNA has a double helix structure with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases that form base pairs between the strands. It has a 5' and 3' end.

    Molecular Basis of Inheritance

    Questions:
    The DNA is
    the genetic
    material
    because it
    codes
    protein,
    mRNA, tRNA,
    rRNA. What
    about

    carbohydrates and lipids? How do you relate it to genes? How is that when there
    is a defect in carbohydrate metabolism, there is a defect in the genes?

    DNA codes for the proteins, are all the DNA content in all of the cells in the body
    identical?

     yes, all the DNA codes in one organism is the same but differs from
    other organisms. Though there are different types of cells in one organism, they
    still have the same DNA code, they carry the genes but are not always expressed.
    White Blood cells may carry digesting genes but it is not expressed.

    CENTRAL DOGMA
    Watson and Crick
    Designed the model of the double-stranded DNA
    Discovered it through the X-ray Diffraction of Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind
    Franklin

    *DNA and RNA has not yet occurred simultaneously in a virus.

    DNA
     made up of polynucleotide Purin Pyrimidin
     N base e e
     Sugar
    A T
     Phosphate
    double
    bond
    G C Triple
    Bond
    *Base + Sugar = nucleoside
     example: Adenine + ribose = adenosine
    (trivia: add 3 phosphate and you will have ATP)
     Double helix
     Phosphate  sugar  infinity = the back bone of DNA

    *RNA has OH, DNA does not have O in the carbon 2, only H that’s why it’s called
    deoxyribose

    *DNA is more stable than RNA because RNA has oxygen.


    *bases attach to the carbon 1 of the sugar

    DNA has 2 ends, the 5 prime end and the 3 prime end.
    In the double helix, they are anti-parallel.
    5 prime end ---------------------------------------------------- 3 prime end
    3 prime end -----------------------------------------------------5 prime end
    The orientation of the strand in the other is also inverted

    *the 2 strands are joined by hydrogen bonds

    DNA Double Helix


    DNA Replication

     2 strands are broken (Helicase is broken)


     Replicated through the pairing up of bases
     semi-conservative DNA Replication
     each newly formed DNA molecule id made up of one strand of Parent
    DNA and one strand of Daughter DNA
    Transcription

    1. synthesis of RNA molecules using DNA as the template


    2. Each gene is double stranded but only one strand is transcribed
    3. direction is from 5’ to 3’ of the RNA Transcript
    4. RNA polymerase

    *note: Phenylalanine is excreted through the urine

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