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    Unit 2 Chemical Basis of Life Review

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Naser
    This document contains questions about organic compounds, biomolecules like carbohydrates and proteins, and enzymes. It asks students to define key terms, identify molecular properties and structures, and describe the roles and reactions of important biological molecules. The questions cover topics like what makes a compound organic, the polarity of water, the difference between monomers and polymers, carbon's ability to form diverse compounds, dehydration synthesis reactions, and how pH affects enzyme function.

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    Unit 2 Chemical Basis of Life Review

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Naser
    159 views2 pages
    This document contains questions about organic compounds, biomolecules like carbohydrates and proteins, and enzymes. It asks students to define key terms, identify molecular properties and structures, and describe the roles and reactions of important biological molecules. The questions cover topics like what makes a compound organic, the polarity of water, the difference between monomers and polymers, carbon's ability to form diverse compounds, dehydration synthesis reactions, and how pH affects enzyme function.

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    Biochemistry

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    This document contains questions about organic compounds, biomolecules like carbohydrates and proteins, and enzymes. It asks students to define key terms, identify molecular properties and structures, and describe the roles and reactions of important biological molecules. The questions cover topics like what makes a compound organic, the polarity of water, the difference between monomers and polymers, carbon's ability to form diverse compounds, dehydration synthesis reactions, and how pH affects enzyme function.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    159 views2 pages

    Unit 2 Chemical Basis of Life Review

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Naser
    This document contains questions about organic compounds, biomolecules like carbohydrates and proteins, and enzymes. It asks students to define key terms, identify molecular properties and structures, and describe the roles and reactions of important biological molecules. The questions cover topics like what makes a compound organic, the polarity of water, the difference between monomers and polymers, carbon's ability to form diverse compounds, dehydration synthesis reactions, and how pH affects enzyme function.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Name: _________________________________

    Unit 2 – Chemical Basis for Life

    1. What does it mean for a compound to be organic?

    2. Circle: Water is polar / nonpolar because the electrons are not evenly shared.

    3. List three important properties of water that result from the above characteristic and describe why they are
    important to life.

    a.

    b.

    c.

    4. What is the difference between a monomer and polymer?

    5. Compounds that contain the element carbon are called _______________ compounds. Why is carbon able
    to form such a wide variety compounds?

    6. Circle: Dehydration synthesis adds / removes water to ________ a bond, while hydrolysis adds / removes
    water to _________ a bond.

    6. Carbohydrates have a ___: ___: ___ ratio of the elements C:H:O. Carbohydrates are the main
    ______________ source for a cell.

    7. Amino acids (the monomers of a protein) are made up of what three parts?

    a.

    b.

    c.

    8. How do enzymes act as biological catalysts?

    9. Complete the Biomolecule Review Chart Below:

    Macromolecule Elements Monomer /Polymers Roles inside of cells

    Carbohydrates 1C:2H:1O

    Lipids NA; Triglyeride = glycerol


    & 3 fatty acid tails

    Proteins Amino Acids /


    polypeptides or proteins

    Nucleic Acids Store & transmit genetic


    info; ATP
    10. Which statement best describes an effect of the low density of frozen water in a lake?
    A. When water freezes, it contracts, decreasing the water level in a lake.
    B. Water in a lake freezes from the bottom up, killing most aquatic organisms.
    C. When water in a lake freezes, it floats, providing insulation for organisms below.
    D. Water removes thermal energy from the land around a lake, causing the lake to freeze.

    11. Which statement correctly describes how carbon’s ability to form four bonds makes it uniquely suited
    to form macromolecules?
    A. It forms short, simple carbon chains.
    B. It forms large, complex, diverse molecules.
    C. It forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
    D. It forms covalent bonds that can exist in a single plane.

    12. Use the diagram on the right to answer the question.


    The diagram shows a reaction that forms a polymer
    from two monomers. What is this type of reaction
    called?
    A. glycolysis
    B. hydrolysis
    C. photosynthesis
    D. dehydration synthesis

    13. Carbohydrates and proteins are two types of


    macromolecules. Which functional characteristic of
    proteins distinguishes them from carbohydrates?
    A. large amount of stored information
    B. ability to catalyze biochemical reactions
    C. efficient storage of usable chemical energy
    D. tendency to make cell membranes hydrophobic

    14. Substance A is converted to substance B in a metabolic reaction. Which statement best describes the role
    of an enzyme during this reaction?
    A. It adjusts the pH of the reaction medium.
    B. It provides energy to carry out the reaction.
    C. It dissolves substance A in the reaction medium.
    D. It speeds up the reaction without being consumed.

    15. A scientist observes that, when the pH of the environment surrounding an enzyme is changed, the rate the
    enzyme catalyzes a reaction greatly decreases. Which statement best describes how a change in pH can affect
    an enzyme?
    A. A pH change can cause the enzyme to change its shape.
    B. A pH change can remove energy necessary to activate an enzyme.
    C. A pH change can add new molecules to the structure of the enzyme.
    D. A pH change can cause an enzyme to react with a different substrate.

    17. Proteins are a major part of every living cell and have many different functions within each cell.
    Carbohydrates also perform numerous roles in living things.
    a. Describe the general composition of a protein molecule.

    b. Describe how the structures of proteins differ from the structures of carbohydrates.

    c. Describe how the functions of proteins differ from the functions of carbohydrates.

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