Grillage 1

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 11 | Nov -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
DESIGN OF STEEL GRILLAGE FOUNDATION FOR AN AUDITORIUM

Dr.R.Rajesh guna1, T.Dilipkumar2, J.Kaleel3, M.Vidhyalakshmi4,
1Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, PERI Institute of Technology, Chennai 48.
2,3,4Student, Department of Civil Engineering, PERI Institute of Technology, Chennai 48
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Abstract - Grillage foundation may provide an types of deep footings including impact driven piles,
economical alternative to offshore ‘mud mat’ foundations drilled shafts, caissons, helical piles, geo-piers and earth
for seabed infrastructure, owing to their improved stabilized columns. The naming conventions for different
hydrodynamic characteristics, which are important during types of footings vary between different engineers.
installation. The foundation of the grid structure is a solid Historically, piles were wood, later steel, reinforced
steel frame. The lower base is located on a soil layer at the concrete, and pre-tensioned concrete.
desired level. Offshore loadings on these foundations
consist of vertical (dead weight) and horizontal ‘in-service’ 1.2 GRILLAGE FOUNDATION
loads. However, to date there is no accepted method of
design, as foundation capacity may differ significantly from Grillage foundation is the most economical foundation
that of conventional solid shallow foundations. This is in case of transferring heavy loads from columns to soil of
design of the grillage foundation that is to be constructed low bearing capacity. A type of foundation often used at
at Mannivakam. In our project we are analysing the the base of a column. It consists of one, two or more tiers
analytical method of design to calculate the variation of of steel beams superimposed on a layer of concrete,
vertical bearing capacity with grill penetration in the sand. adjacent tiers being placed at right angles to each other,
The members like beams, columns, grid slab, footing and while all tiers are encased in concrete.
slab are manually designed using IS 456-2000 code book.
Keywords- grillage foundation, vertical bearing capacity,

grid structure, Offshore loadings.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
A foundation is the element of an architectural

structure which connects it to the ground, and transfers
loads from the structure to the ground. Foundations are Fig. 1: Typical Layout of Grillage Foundation
generally considered either shallow or deep. Foundation
engineering is the application of soil mechanics and rock 2.Plan
mechanics in the design of foundation elements of
structures.
Shallow foundations, often called footings, are usually
embedded about a meter or so into soil. One common type
is the spread footing which consists of strips or pads of
concrete which extend below the frost line and transfer the
weight from walls and columns to the soil or bedrock.
Another common type of shallow foundation is the slab-
on-grade foundation where the weight of the structure is
transferred to the soil through a concrete slab placed at
the surface. Slab-on-grade foundations can be reinforced
mat slabs, which range from 25 cm to several meters thick,
depending on the size of the building, or post-tensioned
slabs, which are typically at least 20 cm for houses, and
thicker for heavier structures.
A deep foundation is used to transfer the load of a
structure down through the upper weak layer of topsoil to
the stronger layer of subsoil below. There are different Fig 2: Plan for Auditorium
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1897
Step 1: Thickness of slab

Effective depth d= 107.142
= 110 mm (approx.)
Overall depth D = 110 + 5 + 20 (cover)
= 135 mm
Step 2: Effective span

L = 3 + 0.110 = 3.11 m
Step 3: Load calculation

Consider 1m length of the slab.
Self weight of the slab
= 3.375 kN/m
Live load = 4 kN/m
Floor finish = 1 kN/m
Total load = 8.375 kN/m
Factored load = 12.5625 kN/m
Step 4: Design moment and SF

Mx = αx WuL2
Fig. 3: Grid Slab Layout LX / LY = 1.67,
αx = 0.046
αy = 0.028
M = 5.58 kN.m
My = 3.402kN.m
Vu = 0.5 Wu
= 19.53 kN
Step 5: Check for effective depth
d = =
= 36.712
= 40 mm (approx.)
drequired<dprovided
Hence, safe
Step 6: Main reinforcement for shear span
Mux = 0.87 FyAst d

Fig. 4: Column Layout Ast = 143.073 mm2
Using 10 mm ɸ of bars,
3. DESIGN OF SLAB No. of bars = 1.82 = 2 bars
Ast provided = 157.07 mm2
Data: Spacing of bars = 500 mm
Lx = 3 m Shorter span Not possible, adopt 300 mm
Ly = 5 m Longer span So, provide 2 no’s of 10 mm ɸ bars @ 300 mm c/c
Fck = 30 N/mm2 1. Width of middle strip
Fy = 415 N/mm2 = ¾ Ly
Live load = 4kN/ m2 = 3.8325 m
Floor finish = 1 kN/ m2 2. Width of edge strip
Lx / Ly = 1.67 < 2 = 1/8 Ly
So, the slab must be designed by two way slab. = 0.638 m
Step 7: Main reinforcement for longer span
Muy = 0.87 FyAst d

Ast = 86.602 mm2
No. of bars = 3 bars
Ast provided = 78.53 mm2
Spacing of bars = 345.12 mm
Not possible, adopt 300 mm
So, provide 3 no of 10 mm ɸ bars @ 300 mm c/c
1. Width of middle strip = ¾ Lx
= 2.332 m
2. Width of edge strip = 1/8 Ly Fig 5: Reinforcement Details of Slab Section
= 0.388 m
3.2 GRID SLAB DESIGN
Step 8: Distribution, reinforcement
Grid size = 51m x 27m
Ast = 0.12 x b x D Spacing of ribs = 3m c/c
= 162 mm2 Concrete = M30 grade
Using 8 mm ɸ of bars Steel = Fe415
No. of bars = 3.22 = 4 bars
Spacing of bars = 300 mm (approx.) DIMENSIONS OF SLABS AND BEAMS
So, provide 4 no’s of 10 mm ɸ bars @ 300 mm c/c
Thickness of slab= 300mm
Step 9: Torsional reinforcement Depth of ribs based on span/depth
= 27 x 103 / 20
Size of the torsional length = Lx/5 = 1250mm ≈ 1300mm
= 0.62 m Assume width of rib = 500mm
Area of torsional reinforcement = ¾ Ast Adopt overall depth of ribs = 1000mm
= 117.8 mm2
Using 10 mm ɸ of bars, LOADS
No. of bars = 2.49 = 3 bars
Ast provided = 157.07 mm2 Wt. of slab = 0.1 x 25
Spacing of bars = 355 mm = 2.5 kN/m2
Not possible, adopt 300 mm Total load of slab= 2.5 x 27 x 51
So, provide 3 no’s of 10 mm ɸ bars @ 300 mm c/c = 3304.8 kN
Wt. of ribs = 12.5kN/m
Step 10: Check for shear Total wt. of beams
(x-direction) = 17 x 12.5 x 27
τv = 0.177 N/mm2 = 5737.5kN
Pt = 0.142 Total wt. of beams
τc = 0.36 N/mm2 (y-direction) = 9 x 12.5 x 51
τv<τc , The slab is safe in shear = 5737.5 kN
Total wt. of FF = 0.6 x 27 x 51
Step 11: Check for deflection = 826.2kN
Total live load = 3 x 27 x 51
(L/d)provided< (L/d)max = 4131 kN
(L/d)provided = 28.27 Total live load and dead load on grid floor
(L/d)max = (L/d)basic x Kt x Kf x Kc = 19737 kN
Pt = 0.142 Load per m2 = 19737 / (27 x 51)
Kt = 1.55 = 14.33 kN/m2
Hence safe Ultimate load per m2
= 14.33 x 1.5
= 21.49 kN/m2
APPROXIMATE METHOD (MOMENTS) c1 =c2 = k1G(2a)3 2b

G = E/2(1+µ) (µ=0.15)
If q1 and q2 are the loads shared in the x & y direction = 0.43478E
q1 = q (by4 / (ax4+ by4)) k1 = constant of torsional rigidity by
= 21.48(514/(274+514)) Timoshenko
= 19.92 kN/m k 1 = k2 = 0.263
q2 = q (ay4 / (ax4+ by4)) C 1 = C2 = 1.42 x 1010Emm4
= 21.48(274/(274+514)) = 0.0142E
= 1.564 kN/m E = 5700 x (30)1/2
E = 31.22 x 106 kN/m2
Moments in x & y direction at center of grid or 2m width
Mx = (q1 x b1 x a2 / 8)
DEFLECTION AT CENTRE SPAN
= (19.92 x 3 x 272 / 8)
= 5445.63 kN.m
(Dx/ax4) = 0.06933E/274
My = (q2 x a1b2 / 8)
= 0.06933 x 31.22 x 106 / 274
= (1.564 x 3 x 512 / 8)
(Dx/ax4) = 2.073
= 1525.48 kN.m
(Dy/by4) = 0.06933 x 31.22 x 106 / 514
= 0.3199
SHEAR FORCE CALCULATIONS
(2H/ax2by2)
Where,2H = c1/b1 + c2/a1
Shear force in beams running in x direction
= 0.43478E/3 + 0.43478E/3
Qx = q1ab1/2 = 0.0948E
= 18.82 x 3 x 27 / 2 (2H/ax2by2) = 0.0948 x 31.22 x 106 /(272 x 512)
= 806.76 kN = 0.156
Shear force in beams running in y direction The deflection at centres of plate is given by the equation
Qy = q2ba1/2 A = 0.0724
= 1.564 x 3 x 51 The modified modulus of elasticity
= 119.64 kN Ece = Ec/(1+ϴ)
Creep co-efficient
RIGOROUS METHOD (Plate theory) ϴ = 0.4
= Ec/1.4
Section properties: Long term deflection
Df/D = 300/1300 = 1.4 x 0.0724
= 0.23 = 0.10136
bw/bf = 500/3000 According to IS 456:2000 the long term deflection should
= 0.167 not exceed
Span/250 = 27/250
Second moment of inertia of beam in x direction and in y = 0.108m
direction (I2) So 0.108 > 0.10136
I = C.bw.D3 The maximum deflection including long term effects lies
Where, within the permissible limits.
C = constant (C=0.19)
= 0.19 x 500 x 13003 DESIGN OF MOMENTS
= 2.10 x 1011 mm4
If I1& I2 are the second moment of area of tee-section about The bending moments, torsional moments and stress at
their centroidal axis in the x and y direction respectively. various points are computed the equation.
So I1=I2=I Mx = Dx (σ2a/σx2 )
And a1=b1=3m Mx = 2121.61((sin(xπ/a) x (sin(yπ/b))
= 3 x 1012 mm4 My = Dy (σ2a/σy2 )
Flexural rigidity per unit length of plate along x direction =594.63kN.m((sin(xπ/a) x (sin(yπ/b))
Dx = EI1/b1 Mxy =-(c1/b1) (σ2a/σxσy )
= E x 2.08 x 1011 /3 x 1012 =-76.62((cos(xπ/a) x (cos(yπ/b))
Dx&Dy = 0.06933E Mxy =-(c2/a1) (σ2a/σxσy )
The torsional rigidity in the x and y directions are =-76.62((cos(xπ/a) x (cos(yπ/b))
DESIGN OF SHEAR Hence safe

So minimum shear reinforcements shall be provided (IS
ϴx =σ/σx(Dx (σu2/ σx2) +(c2/a1) (σ2a/ σy2 ) 456:2000 (pg. no: 72)
ϴx = -251.25((cos(xπ/a) x (cos(yπ/b)) Sv = 0.87 AsvFy/0.4b
ϴy = σ/σy(Dy (σu2/ σy2) +(c1/b1) (σ2a/ σx2 ) = 121.98mm
=-45.55((sin(xπ/a) x (cos(yπ/b)) Provide 16mm dia bars of two legged stirrups at 130mm
c/c at supports and the spacing gradually increased to
TABLE 1: Maximum Shear Force In Grid Slab 200mm towards the center of span.
Maximum ultimate moment in central rib in y-direction
METHOD Qx Qy Mu = 1525.48kN.m
Mu = 0.87fyAstd(1-(Astfy/fckbd)
Approximate method Ast = 3423.56mm2
(ranking grash off 806.76 kN 119.64 kN Provide 18 bars of 16mm dia
theory) Astpr = 3619.08mm2
Rigorous analysis (plate Spacing = 55.56mm c/c = 50 mm
251.58 kN 45.55 kN
theory)
4.3 DESIGN OF BEAM
TABLE 2: Maximum Moments In Grid Slab
M-30 grade of concrete
METHOD Mx My Fe-415 grade of steel
Approximate method Width of support= 230mm
5445.63 1525.48 Span = 6000mm
(ranking grash off
kN.m kN.m
theory)
DIMENSION OF BEAM
Rigorous analysis (plate 2121.61kN 594.63kN.
theory) .m m Provide 230mm width
D = L/10
DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENTS D = 6000/10
= 600mm
Maximum ultimate working moment Effective cover = 25mm
Mu = 5445.63KN.m D = 600-25
Moment capacity of flange section d = 575mm
Muf = 0.36fckbfDf(d-0.42Df)
D = D-d’ EFFECTIVE SPAN
= 09x1010N.mm
= 10925.98kN.m Clear span + width of the support
Since Mu<Muf 6+0.23m = 6.23m
Neutral axis falls within the flange Clear span + effective depth
Mu = 0.87fyAstd(1-(Astfy/fckbd) 4+0.575 = 4.575m
Ast = 12659.58mm2
Provide 26 bars of 25mm dia bars LOAD CALCULATION
Astpr = 12762.62mm2
Spacing = 35mm c/c Self-weight of beam
Maximum ultimate shear force = 25x0.23x0.6
Vu = 806.76 = 3.45KN/m
Ԏv = vu/bd Load from slab = 12.525KN/m
= 0.125N/mm2 Load from brick wall
Assuming 13 bars to be bent up near the supports = 0.23x3x20.5
Ast at supports = 6381.31 mm2 = 14.145KN/m
(100 Ast/bd) = 100x6381.31/3000x1250 Total UDL (W) = (3.45+14.145)x1.5
= 0.17 = 26.39KN/m
From IS 456:2000 (pg. no: 73) Design load = UDL + slab load
Ԏc = 0.306N/mm2 = 26.39+12.525
Since Ԏc < Ԏv = 38.92KN/m
MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCE
Mu = wl2/8
= 38.92 x 62/8
= 175.12kN/m
Vu = WL/2
= 38.92 x 6/2
= 116.67kN
Mu lim = 0.138 fck bd2
= 0.138x30x230x5752
= 314.82kNm
Mu < Mu lim section is under reinforced Fig 6: Reinforcement Details of Beam Section
Ast = 934.96mm2
Provide 16mm bar 4.4 DESIGN OF COLUMN:
No of bars = 5 bars
Design of rectangular column:
SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
Column size = 0. 4x0.5m
ast min = 0.12% bd
Self-weight of column
= 0.12x (bd)/100
= 0.4x0.5x25
= (0.12x230x575)/100
= 35kN
= 158.7 mm2 ≈ 160 mm2
Factored load = 1270+35
Use 8mm Φ bars
= 1305
Spacing = ((π/4 x 82 x 1000)/160)
Axial load = 1305kN
= 284.65mm = 280mm c/c
P = (0.4 fck x Ac) + (0.67 x fy x Asc)
= 89014.69mm2
CHECK FOR SHEAR
Column size = 400x500
= 200000mm2
Vu = 116.76kN
Asc = 0.01 Ag
Tu = 116.76x103/ (230x575)
= 0.01x89014.69
= 0.88N/mm2
= 890.14mm2
pt = 100Ast/bd
Assume 16mm φ bars
= (100x934)/(230x575)
No of bars = 890.14(π/4)x162
= 0.706N/mm2
= 4.42
Zc = 0.545N/mm2
= 5 bars
Balanced shear, Vu – (Tubd)
= 116.76-(0.545x230x575) Slenderness ratio
= 44.68kN
Sv> 0.75d = 0.75x575 Le/d = 7000/500
= 431.25mm = 14>12
Hence it is column.
CHECK FOR DEFLECTION
Eccentricity
Pt = 0.706
Emax = 1/500 + D/30
(L/d) max = (L/d)basic x ktx kcx kf
= 7000/5000 + 500/30
= 20 x 1.15 x 1 x 1
= 30.67
= 23
Emin = 7000/500 + 400/30
(L/d) actual = (6000/575)
= 27.34
= 10.43 < 23
HENCE SAFE Reinforcement lateral bars
Diameter of lateral ≤ 1/4xφ of main bar

≤ 1/4x16
=4
Assume diameter of the lateral bars = 6mm
Pitch of lateral bars = 16xd For connecting the column to the base plate,adopt ISA
= 16x6 100x100x10mm angle with 4#, 22mm φ rivets on flange
= 96mm and ISA 75x75x8mm with 3# 22mm φ rivets in the web.
Pitch of lateral bars = 100mm
Hence safe. DESIGN OF GUSSETED PLATE
1. Size of the Base Plate
Area of base plate

= 1305/4000 = 0.33m2
Adopt ISA 150x150x12 mm angles on flange side with
smaller leg horizontal, gusset plate 12mm thick 10mm
batten and cover plates = 30mm projection on either sides
in direction parallel to web.
Minimum length required
= (400+20+24+200+60)
= 104mm
Length of base plate parallel to the flanges
= 750mm
Fig. 6:Reinforcement Details Of Rectangular Column Adopt base plate = 750mm x 750mm
4.5 DESIGN OF FOUNDATION 2. Thickness of Base Plate:

Intensity of pressure below the plate
DATA = 1305x103/750x750
= 2.32 N/mm2
Axial load on column= 1305 kN Cantilever projection of plate from face of the gusset angle
Permissible compressive stress on concrete = 141mm
= 4 N/mm2(M15) μ = wl2/2
= 2.32x1412/2
COLUMN BASE: = 23062 Nmm.
Thickness of plate required ,
Area of base plate= 1305/4000 μ = σbs bt2/6
= 0.33mm2 t = √ 6M/σbs b
Use a square base = √ 6 x 23062/185 x 1
Therefore side of base plate = 27.35mm
= √0.33 = 0.574 = 600mm In WSD, σ = 0.75 fy
Adopt base plate of size 600mm x 600mm Therefore base plate thickness
The projection of the base plate from the edge is obtained = 27.35 – 12
as = 15.35 mm
a = greater projection Adopt 750 x 750 x 16mm base plate
= 0.5(600-400) = 100mm
b = smaller projection Connections
= 0.5(600-500) = 50mm
Intensity of the pressure on the plate, Outstand on each side
= 2050x103/600x600 = (750 – 400/2)
= 3.62 N/mm2 = 175mm
Permissible bearing stress in the base plate, Load on each connection
= 185 N/mm2 = (175 x 750 x 2.32/100)
Thickness of base plate, = 304.5 kN
T = √ 3w/σbs(a2 – b2/4) Using 22mm φrivets,
= √ 3x3.62/185(1002 – 502/4) Single shear = (π x 23.5 x 100/4 x 1000)
= 23.46 = 30mm = 43.4 kN
Adopt base plate size Bearing = 23.5 x 12 x 300/1000
= 600mm x 600mm x 30mm = 84.6 kN
Least value = 43.4 kN
Number of rivets= 304.5/43.4 = 7.2 = 8 = 309.93x106/165x1.33

= 1.41x106 mm4
Design of Grillage Foundation Use 8 beams in bottom tier
SBC of the soil = 250 kN/m2 Z for each beam = 1.41x106/8
Load = 1305 kN = 176.250 mm3
Area of grillage: Beam spacing = 1/7(2.65-0.75)
Using gusseted base for the column, = 350mm
Total load = (1305 + 10% for self weight) Use 8 beams of ISHB 150@ 350mm c/c
= 1435.5 kN Maximum shear force v
Two-tier girder will be used, = w/2l(l-l1)
Bottom tier area = 1435.5/250 = 467.83 kN
= 5.74m2 Shear force per beam
Use square grillage = 467.83/8 = 58.5 kN
a = √5.74 Shear stress τv
= 2.39m = 2.4m = 72.2 N /mm2< 100 N/mm2
Allow 125mm concrete cover on all sides,
Overall size of block= 2.65x2.65m Adopt separators of angles ISA 50x50x6mm and 2.75m
long bolted with 12mm φ both to the flanges of the lower
Design of Top Tier Girders tier girders at two ends to prevent girder displacement.
B.M = w/8 (l-l1) 4.6 DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

W = 1305 kN, L = 2.65m, l1 = 0.75m
BM = 1305/8( 2.65 – 0.75) DOG LEGGED STAIRCASE
= 309.94 kN
Allowable stress can be increased by 33.33% since beams Rise = 100mm
are encased in concrete. Thread = 400mm
σbt = (165x1.33) Number of steps = 15
= 220 N/mm2 Width of landing beam
Z = μ/σbt = 309.94 x 106/220 = 300mm
= 1.409 x 106 mm3 Grade of concrete= M30
Using three beams in top tier, Grade of steel = Fe415
Z for each beam = 1.409x106/3
= 469667 mm3 To Calculate Effective Span
Use ISHB 225,with sectional properties
Zxx = 487000 mm3, tf = 9.1 mm Effective span
Tw = 8.6mm = nt + width of the landing beam
Maximum shear force = 15x400+300
= w/2l(l – l1) L = 6300mm
= 1305/2(2.65) (2.65 – 0.75) L = 6.3m
= 467.8 kN Thickness of waist slab
Shear force per beam = span/20
= 467.8/3 = 6300/20
= 156 kN = 315mm
Average shear stress τv = 0.315m
= 156x103/8.6x225 Effective depth = 0.315-0.025
= 80.6 N/mm2< 100 N/mm2 = 0.29m
Minimum gap between two beams
= 75mm Loads
Design of Bottom Tier Girders Dead load slab on step (ws)

= 1x0.315x25
BM = w/8(l-l2) = 7.875m2
= 1305/8(2.65 – 0.75) Dead load of step of horizontal span
= 309.93 kNm. = (wsx√R2 + T2)/ T)
Z = μ/σbt W = (7.875x√0.12 + 0.42/0.4)
= 8.11m
Dead load on step (Do)
= 0.5xRxTx25
= 0.5x0.1x0.4x25
(Do) = 0.5 kN/m
Load step per m length
= Dox1000/T
= 0.5x1/0.4
= 1.25kN/m2
Total service load
= D.L+L.L+F.L Fig. 7: Reinforcement Details of Staircase
Live load for residential building
= 2 to 3 kN/m2 5. CONCLUSION
Live load for public building
= 5 kN/m2 Thus we designed the well facilitated auditorium
Weight of floor load with a suitable steel grillage foundation. These designs are
= 0.6 kN/m2 carried out with the guidance of IS 456:2000. A proper
Dead load = 8.11+ 1.25 fittings and grouting has to be provided to the grillage. The
= 9.36 kN/m2 steel grillage is provided with respective corrosive
W = 9.36 + 5 + 0.6 resistant coatings to ensure the risk of disturbing
= 14.96 kN/m2 contaminants.
Factored load(wu)= 1.5xw
= 1.5x14.96 The planning of auditorium was done as per
= 22.44 kN/m2 guidelines. The designs of various structural elements
were done by limit state method. The project portrays all
BENDING MOMENT the fundamental design and load consideration in the
erection of the building. All design in accordance with
Bending moment at the center of span (mu) those specified in Bureau of Indian Standard and IS
= wul2/8 456:2000. Finally the auditorium was designed with a steel
= 22.44x4.32 grillage foundation to meet the necessary requirements.
= 51.86kNm
REFERENCES
CHECK FOR DEPTH OF WAIST SLAB
[1.] IS 456-2000 Plain and reinforced concrete code of
D = √ (mu/0.138 fckb)
practice. Bureau of Indian Standard (2000) New Delhi.
= √ (51.86x106/0.138x30x1000)
D = 111.92
[2.] SP 16 – Design Aids for reinforced concrete to IS: 456-
D = 112 < 315mm.
1978.
MAIN REINFORCEMENT
[3.] IS 800 – General Construction in Steel – Code of
Practice by Bureau of Indian Standards (2007).
Mu = 0.87 fyastd(1-astfy / fckbd)
Ast = 513.62mm2
[4.] IS 875 PART II – Imposed load – Code of Practice for
Use 12mmφ bars
design load for building and structure. Bureau of
Spacing = ast (provided) / ast (required)
Indian Standard (2000) New Delhi.
=((π/4 x 122)/ 513.62)x1000
= 220 mm c/c
[5.] IS 1893 PART I – General provisions and building
criteria for earthquake resistant design of structure.
Provide 12mm φ bars @ 220mm c/c as main
Bureau of Indian Standard (2000) New Delhi.
reinforcement
Hence safe.
[6.] NATIONAL BUILDING CODE – Chapter VII SPECIAL
PROVISIONS FOR CERTAIN OCCUPANCY BUILDING

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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 04 Issue: 11 | Nov -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

DESIGN OF STEEL GRILLAGE FOUNDATION FOR AN AUDITORIUM

Keywords- grillage foundation, vertical bearing capacity,

A foundation is the element of an architectural

Step 1: Thickness of slab

Step 2: Effective span

Step 3: Load calculation

Step 4: Design moment and SF

Step 5: Check for effective depth

Step 6: Main reinforcement for shear span

Mux = 0.87 FyAst d

Step 7: Main reinforcement for longer span

Muy = 0.87 FyAst d

APPROXIMATE METHOD (MOMENTS) c1 =c2 = k1G(2a)3 2b

DESIGN OF SHEAR Hence safe

MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCE

Diameter of lateral ≤ 1/4xφ of main bar

1. Size of the Base Plate

Area of base plate

4.5 DESIGN OF FOUNDATION 2. Thickness of Base Plate:

Number of rivets= 304.5/43.4 = 7.2 = 8 = 309.93x106/165x1.33

B.M = w/8 (l-l1) 4.6 DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

Design of Bottom Tier Girders Dead load slab on step (ws)

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