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Assignment 2

This document contains an assignment from a course on instrumentation and measurement. It includes 9 questions related to calibrating and using first-order instruments to measure signals of various frequencies and periodic waveforms. The questions address topics like estimating time constants, dynamic errors, acceptable measurement frequencies based on tolerable error ranges, and selecting suitable transducers to measure signals within specified error tolerances.

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EmtiazEmon
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
410 views

Assignment 2

This document contains an assignment from a course on instrumentation and measurement. It includes 9 questions related to calibrating and using first-order instruments to measure signals of various frequencies and periodic waveforms. The questions address topics like estimating time constants, dynamic errors, acceptable measurement frequencies based on tolerable error ranges, and selecting suitable transducers to measure signals within specified error tolerances.

Uploaded by

EmtiazEmon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mechanical Engineering

Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST)


ME 361: Instrumentation and Measurement
Assignment: 2

Date of submission: March 15, 2018

1. During a step function calibration, a first-order instrument is exposed to a step


change of 100 units. If after 1.2 se= the instrument indicate 80 units, estimate the
instrument time constant. Estimate the error in the indicated value after 1.5 s,
y(0)=0 units and K=1 unit/unit..
2. Estimate any dynamic error that could result from measuring a 2 Hz periodic
waveform using a first-order system having a time constant of 0.7 s.
3. A signal expected to be of the form F(t)=10 sin 15.7t is to be measured with a
first-order instrument having a time constant of 50 ms. Write the expected
indicated steady response output signal. Is this instrument a good choice for this
measurement? What is the expected time lag between input and output signal?
Plot the output amplitude spectrum y(0)=0 and K=1 V/V
4. A first-order instrument with a time constant of 2 s is to be used to measure a
periodic input. If a dynamic error of ±2% can be tolerated, determine the
maximum frequency of periodic input that can be measured. What is the
associated time lag (in seconds) at this frequency?
5. A single-loop LR circuit having a resistance of 1 M is to be used as a low-pass
filter between an input signal and a voltage measurement device. To attenuate
undesirable frequencies above 1000 Hz by at least 50%, select a suitable inductor
size. The time constant for this circuit is given by L/R.
6. A step test of a transducer brings on a damped oscillation decaying to a steady
value. If the period of oscillation is 0.577 ms, what is the transducer ringing
frequency?
7. An application demands that a sinusoidal pressure variation of 250 Hz be
measured with no more than 2% dynamic error. In selecting a suitable pressure
transducer from a vendor catalog, you note that a desirable line of transducers
has a fixed natural frequency of 600 Hz but that you have a choice of transducer
damping ratios of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm increments of 0.05. Select a suitable
transducer.

Prepared by Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan


March 11, 2018
8. A single-loop RCL electrical circuit can be modeled as a second-order system in
terms of current. Show that the differential equation for such a circuit subjected
to a forcing function potential E(t) is given by
𝑑2𝐼 𝑑𝐼 𝐼
𝐿 2 + 𝑅 + = 𝐸(𝑡)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝐶
Determine the natural frequency and damping ratio for this system. For a forcing
potential, E(t)=1+0.5 sin 2000t, determine the system steady response when L=2
H, C=1 F, and R=10000 o. Plot the steady output signal and input singnal versus
time, I(0)= Í(0)=0
9. A force transducer having a damping ratio of 0.5 and a natural frequency of
4000 Hz is available for use to measure a periodic signal of 2000 Hz. Show
whether or not the transducer passes a ±10% dynamic error constraint. Estimate
its resonance frequency.

Prepared by Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan


March 11, 2018

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