Sylvester et al.

: Four new and five overlooked records of vascular plants from puna grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes

Arnaldoa 24 (1): 229 - 238, 2017 ISSN: 1815-8242 (edición impresa)

http://doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.241.24108 ISSN: 2413-3299 (edición online)

Four new and five overlooked records of

vascular plants from high elevation puna
grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes

Cuatro nuevos registros y cinco revisiones de plantas

vasculares de pastizales de puna de gran altitud en los
Andes del sur peruano

Steven P. Sylvester
Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Department of Geography, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, United Kingdom
steven_sylvester@hotmail.com

Mitsy D. P. V. Sylvester
Universidad Nacional del San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Perú
Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Switzerland
mitsdiaz@hotmail.com

Michael Kessler
Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Switzerland
michael.kessler@systbot.uzh.ch

24 (1): Enero - Junio, 2017 229

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 Sylvester et al.: Four new and five overlooked records of vascular plants from puna grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes
Recibido: 6-I-2017; Aceptado: 23-III-2017; Publicado: VI-2017; Edición online 30-V-2017
Abstract
We present 4 new and 5 overlooked records of vascular plant species for Peru from high
elevation puna grasslands in the Urubamba and Vilcabamba Cordilleras, southern Peru. The new
species records are: Lasiocephalus lingulatus (Asteraceae); Cardamine vulgaris (Brassicaceae); Lupinus
herzogii, Lupinus soratensis (Fabaceae). Other species records, i.e., Calamagrostis sclerantha, Festuca
soukupii (Poaceae); Aphanes parvula, Lachemilla tanacetifolia (Rosaceae), and Valeriana mandonii
(Valerianaceae), that are mentioned in literature for Peru but have not been acknowledged by the
Peru Checklist or the Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru are also included.
Previous knowledge on the distribution of these species is discussed.

Keywords: records, vascular plants, puna, southern Peruvian Andes.

Resumen
Presentamos 4 nuevos registros y 5 revisiones de registros de especies de plantas vasculares
para Perú de pastizales de puna de gran altitud en las cordilleras de Urubamba y Vilcabamba, del
sur de Perú. Los nuevos registros de especies son: Lasiocephalus lingulatus (Asteraceae); Cardamine
vulgaris (Brassicaceae); Lupinus herzogii, Lupinus soratensis (Fabaceae). Otros registros de especies:
Calamagrostis sclerantha, Festuca soukupii (Poaceae); Aphanes parvula, Lachemilla tanacetifolia (Rosaceae),
y Valeriana mandonii (Valerianaceae), que son mencionados en la literatura para Perú, pero que no
han sido reconocidos por el Checklist de Perú o por el Catálogo de las angiospermas y gimnospermas
del Perú, están también incluidos. El conocimiento previo sobre la distribución de estas especies está
en discusión.

Palabras clave: registros, plantas vasculares, puna, Andes del sur peruano.

Introduction 4 new records and 5 overlooked records,

belonging to 6 families and 8 genera, of
High Andean puna grasslands,
vascular plant species for Peru that we
found above the upper forest-line (ca.
discovered during botanical exploration of
> 3800 m.a.s.l.) from northern Peru to
the high puna of southern Peru and discuss
Chile (Wilcox et al., 1986; Garcia & Beck,
previous knowledge on the distribution of
2006; Montesinos-Tubée et al., 2015 and these species.
references therein), have received relatively
little floristic attention compared with the Material and methods
paramo grasslands of north-western South The new and overlooked records were
America (e.g. Luteyn, 1999; Madriñán et recovered among collections made in the
al., 2013; W3TROPICOS-Paramo Flora, high elevation puna grasslands of the
2017). Nevertheless, our recent research Cordilleras Urubamba and Vilcabamba,
over a relatively small area in the southern southern Peru, between 2010 and 2013,
Peruvian Andes highlights that the high as part of a larger ecological project to
elevation puna remains a veritable treasure reconstruct the potential natural vegetation
trove of taxonomic and ecological novelties and soils of these Andean landscapes (see
waiting to be discovered (Heitkamp et al., Heitkamp et al., 2014 and Sylvester et al.,
2014; Kessler et al., 2014; Sylvester, 2014; 2014a for preliminary studies). Species
Sylvester et al., 2014a,b; Pfanzelt et al., 2015; names were checked against the Catalogue
Sundue et al., 2015; Ospina et al., 2016; of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms
Sylvester et al., 2016a,b). Here we present of Peru (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993), additions

230 24 (1): Enero - Junio, 2017

Sylvester et al.: Four new and five overlooked records of vascular plants from puna grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes

to this (Vásquez et al., 2002; Ulloa Ulloa et TYPE: CHILE. Philippi s.n. (Holotype: B).
al., 2004; Smith et al., 2005; Rodríguez et
Peruvian specimen examined: Dpto.
al., 2006; Salvador et al., 2008; Linares et al.,
Cusco, prov. La Convencion, distrito Santa
2010; Huamantupa et al., 2014; Gonzáles et
Teresa, grazed slopes, nestled in-between
al., 2011, 2016; Sylvester et al., 2016a), and
rocks, in the central Phacchaq valley on
the online checklist for Peru (W3TROPICOS-
the east side of the river, Yanama, 4245 m,
Peru Checklist, 2017).
13°15’40.2”S, 72°50’18.5”W, 4-V-2012, S. P.
Results Sylvester 1545 (CUZ!, MO!, Z!).

Results: New species records for Peru Notes: Previously known from
Argentina and Chile (Zuloaga & Morrone,
The 4 new species records for Peru 1997). TROPICOS.ORG (2017) also lists
belong to the genera: Lasiocephalus the specimen Sagástegui et al. 12095 for
(Asteraceae), Cardamine (Brassicaceae) and the region of Cajamarca, prov. Celendin.
Lupinus (Fabaceae). This species was found infrequent in open
ASTERACEAE grazed puna grassland.

Lasiocephalus lingulatus Schltdl., Mag. FABACEAE

Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Lupinus herzogii Ulbr., Meded. Rijks-
Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 8: 309. 1814. Herb. 27: 44. 1915. Fig. 1c-d.
Fig. 1a.
TYPE: BOLIVIA. 4100 m, I-1911, Herzog
LECTOTYPE: ECUADOR. Humboldt s.n. 2253 (Holotype: B; Isotype: L).
in Herb. Willd. Cat. No. 16435 (Lectotype:
B). Lectotype chosen by Cuatrecasas (1978) Peruvian specimens examined: Dpto.
but indicated as holotype. Cusco, prov. Calca, distrito Calca, the grassy
grazed land found to the immediate east of
Peruvian specimen examined: Dpto. the prominent tower known by locals as
Cusco, prov. La Convención, distrito “Kontorqayku” 5 km northeast of Huarán,
Vilcabamba, large prominent ledge on the 4248 m, 13°16’07.0”S, 72°01’07.2”W, 25-
south facing cliff at the end of the Totora- IV-2011, S. P. Sylvester 1153 (CUZ!, Z!);
Purkay valley, 4 km east of the Totora- distrito Calca, the Polylepis forest found to
Purkay village, 4536 m, 13°11’00.1’’S, the immediate east of the prominent tower
73°03’07.3’’W, 3-V-2013, S. P. Sylvester 1880 known by locals as “Kontorqayku” 5 km
(K!, LPB!, Z!). northeast of Huaran, 4310 m, 13°16’03.7”S,
Notes: Previously considered endemic 72°01’02.0”W, 2-VI-2011, S.P. Sylvester
to the paramos of Ecuador (Luteyn, 1999; 1341 (CUZ!, Z!); distrito Calca, on the edge
Jørgensen & Ulloa Ulloa, 1994). This of the Wakapacana Polylepis subsericans
species was found to be locally frequent forest on the eastern side of the valley
in undisturbed open Polylepis woodland 7.2 km and 10°N from Huaran., 4681 m,
intermixed with Calamagrostis and Festuca 13°15’04.6”S, 72°00’55.1”W, 18-VII-2011, S.
tussock grassland. P. Sylvester 1353 (CUZ!, Z!); distrito Calca,
upper Potreros forest on the north facing
BRASSICACEAE
mountainside above the main Potreros
Cardamine vulgaris Phil., Linnaea 28: forest, 4 km southwest of Cancha Cancha
665. 1858. Fig. 1b. village, Huarán, 4726 m, 13°15’46.0”S,

24 (1): Enero - Junio, 2017 231

 Sylvester et al.: Four new and five overlooked records of vascular plants from puna grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes

72°02’51.2”W, 24-VII-2011, S. P. Sylvester Cusco, prov. La Convención, distrito Santa

1363 (CUZ!, Z!); prov. La Convención, Teresa, on the slopes below the pass linking
distrito Santa Teresa, grazed slopes in the Yanama with Totora, 4110 m, 13°19’30.1”S,
central Phacchaq valley on the east side of 72°47’08.4”W, 25-IV-2012, S.P. Sylvester
the river, Yanama, 4236 m, 13°15’43.7”S, 1448 (CUZ!, Z!); distrito Santa Teresa,
72°50’18.6”W, 3-V-2012, S. P. Sylvester 1538 grazed slopes in the central Phacchaq valley
(CUZ!, Z!); distrito Santa Teresa, grazed on the east side of the river, Yanama, 4200
slopes in the central Phacchaq valley on m, 13°15’59.8”S, 72°50’19.1”W, 29-IV-2012,
the east side of the river, Yanama, 4268 S. P. Sylvester 1466 (CUZ!, Z!); distrito Santa
m, 13°15’40.1”S, 72°50’17.4”W, 19-V-2012, Teresa, grazed slopes in the upper Phacchaq
S. P. Sylvester 1619 (CUZ!, Z!); distrito valley on the east side of the river, Yanama,
Santa Teresa, grazed slopes at the topmost 4500 m, 13°14’37.9”S, 72°50’16.2”W, 20-V-
eastern portion of the Phacchaq valley, 8.5 2012, S.P. Sylvester 1624 (CUZ!, Z!).
km north of Yanama, 4276 m, 13°15’27.7”S,
Notes: Previously considered endemic
72°50’23.8”W, 31-V-2013, S.P. Sylvester 2188
to Bolivia (Jørgensen et al., 2014, 2015 and
(LPB!, Z!); distrito Vilcabamba, grazed
onwards). This woody shrub can grow as
slopes towards the top of the Totora-Purkay
high as 3 m and forms dense thickets (Fig.
valley, 3km east of the Totora-Purkay
1e). It is common in heavily grazed puna
village, 4159 m, 13°10’51.1”S, 73°03’34.2”W,
grasslands of the Cordillera Vilcabamba,
8-V-2013, S. P. Sylvester 1966 (LPB!, Z!); prov.
appearing to be unpalatable to livestock
Urubamba, distrito Urubamba, Area de
(S. P. Sylvester pers. observation). Flowers
Conservacion Protegida Mantanay, 10 km
observed to be visited by beetles (Fig. 1f).
up the valley from Yanahuara, by the side
of Laguna Manalloqsa in the small valley Results: Overlooked Species Records
3 km east of Laguna Ipsaycocha, ledges on for Peru
cliff side 250°W of Lago Manalloqsa, further Certain species were discovered that
down gully from the large Polylepis forest, were not included in the Catalogue of the
4802 m, 13°12’08.3”S, 72°08’44.4”W, 3-II- Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of
2011, S.P. Sylvester 514 (CUZ!, Z!). Peru (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993), additions
Notes: Previously considered endemic to this (Vásquez et al., 2002; Ulloa Ulloa
to Bolivia (Jørgensen et al., 2014, 2015 and et al., 2004; Smith et al., 2005; Rodríguez et
onwards). This species is common in both al., 2006; Salvador et al., 2008; Linares et al.,
the heavily grazed and fairly undisturbed 2010; Huamantupa et al., 2014; Gonzáles et
puna tussock grasslands of both the al., 2011, 2016; Sylvester et al., 2016a), or the
Cordillera Urubamba and Vilcabamba, online checklist for Peru (W3TROPICOS-
where it appears to be unpalatable to Peru Checklist, 2017), but were mentioned in
livestock (S. P. Sylvester pers. observation). taxonomic treatments that were overlooked
by the aforementioned works. These
Lupinus soratensis Rusby, Bull. New
belong to the genera: Calamagrostis, Festuca
York Bot. Gard. 6 (22): 510. 1910.
(Poaceae), Aphanes, Lachemilla (Rosaceae),
TYPE: BOLIVIA. Sorata, 7500 ft, 4 Sept and Valeriana (Valerianaceae).
1901, R. S. Williams 2430 (Holotype: NY;
POACEAE
Isotypes: K, NY, US). Fig. 1e-f.
Calamagrostis sclerantha Hack.,
Peruvian specimens examined: Dpto.

232 24 (1): Enero - Junio, 2017

Sylvester et al.: Four new and five overlooked records of vascular plants from puna grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes

Fig. 1. Photographs of the news species records for Peru. a. Lasiocephalus lingulatus, S.P. Sylvester 1880. b. Cardamine
vulgaris, S.P. Sylvester 1545. c-d. Lupinus herzogii, S. P. Sylvester 1966. e-f. Lupinus soratensis, S. P. Sylvester 1448.

Oesterr. Bot. Z. 52 (3): 108. 1902. Soreng et al., 2003 and onwards). As the
only Peruvian specimen, Bradley C. Bennett
TYPE: ARGENTINA. Salta, Nevado
2494 (MO), was collected from Dpto. Puno,
del Castillo, 19-23-III-1873, Hieronymus &
prov. Sandia, our specimen from Dpto.
Lorentz 60 (Holotype: G; Isotypes: B, IT-
Cusco extends the westerly distribution of
BAA4417 (photo ex B), LIL (fragm.), US-
this species ca. 400 km.
1127175 (fragm. ex B), US-3048361, W).
Festuca soukupii Stančík, Folia Geobot.
Peruvian specimens examined: Dpto.
Phytotax. 39 (1): 103–104, f. 2, 1–5. 2004.
Cusco, prov. La Convención, distrito
Vilcabamba, grazed slopes towards the top TYPE: ECUADOR. Imbabura. Munic.
of the Totora-Purkay valley, 3 km east of the Cayambe, Volcán Cayambe, 78°55.6’W,
Totora-Purkay village, 4159 m, 13°10’51.1”S, 00°31.6’N, swamps below the refuge with
73°03’34.2”W, 8-V-2013, S. P. Sylvester 1977 Loricaria sp., Festuca glumosa, Distichia
(LPB!, USM!, Z!). muscoides etc., 4450 m s.m., 20-X-2000,
Stancík 4162 (Holotype: PRC; Isotypes:
Notes: Found locally common in grazed
AAU, QCA).
puna grassland at the one site in distrito
Vilcabamba where it was encountered. This Peruvian specimens examined: Dpto.
species is mentioned to occur in Argentina, Cusco, prov. La Convención, distrito
Bolivia and Peru in the Catalogue of New Vilcabamba, forest towards the top of the
World Grasses (Soreng & Greene, 2003; Totora-Purkay valley on the north side of

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 Sylvester et al.: Four new and five overlooked records of vascular plants from puna grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes

the river, 3 km east of the Totora-Purkay of this species comes from Peru, TROPICOS.
village, 4171 m, 13°10’50.2”S, 73°03’33.0”W, ORG (2017) only provide distribution
7-V-2013, S. P. Sylvester 1955 (LPB!, USM!, information for Bolivia (Jørgensen et al.,
Z!). 2014, 2015 and onwards). Romoleroux
(1996) also mentions this species to occur in
Notes: Found locally common in open
Peru but does not cite specimens.
Polylepis pepei B. B. Simpson woodland
intermixed with grazed puna grassland at Lachemilla tanacetifolia Rothm., Notul.
the one site in distrito Vilcabamba where it Syst. (Paris) 7: 9. 1938. Fig. 2b.
was encountered. Previously known from
TYPE: COLOMBIA. “pic Tolima
Ecuador and Colombia (Stančík, 2003).
Lomas”, 1844 Goudot 3 (Lectotype: P).
Stančík & Peterson (2007) mention this
species for northern Peru citing numerous Peruvian specimens examined:
specimens from the region of Cajamarca. Dpto. Cusco, prov. Urubamba, distrito
Our specimens from southern Peru extends Ollantaytambo, Abra Malaga, 1km
the latitudinal distribution of this species southwest of Abra Malaga church nestled
900 km further south. in a ravine on the other side of the ridge
close to the main path leading along
ROSACEAE
the mountainside from the church, 4429
Aphanes parvula Gutte, Wiss. Z. Karl- m, 13°08’40.2”S, 72°18’14.7”W, 31-IX-
Marx-Univ. Leipzig, Math.-Naturwiss. 2010, S. P. Sylvester 208 (CUZ!, LPB!, Z!);
Reihe 34 (4): 455. 1985. Fig. 2a. distrito Urubamba, Area de Conservacion
Protegida Mantanay, 10 km up the valley
TYPE: PERU. Dpto. Junin, prov. Youli,
from Yanahuara, by the side of Laguna
La Oroya oberhalb Chancayllo, Berg mit
Manalloqsa in the small valley 3 km east
Puya rairnondii, 3680 m, 5.4.1974, Gutte
of Laguna Ipsaycocha, 20 m south of
2289ab (Holotype: LZ).
Laguna Manalloqsa on rocky slope, 4638
Peruvian specimens examined: Dpto. m, 13°12’00.9”S, 72°08’42.0”W, 6-II-2011,
Cusco, prov. Calca, distrito Calca, grazed S. P. Sylvester 572 (CUZ!, Z!); prov. La
ground below the southwest facing crags Convención, distrito Vilcabamba, large
of the Laguna Yanacocha 1.5 km east of prominent ledge on the south facing cliff at
Cancha Cancha village, Huarán, 4310 m, the end of the Totora-Purkay valley, 4 km
13°14’25.4”S, 72°01’16.1”W, 25-III-2011, S. east of the Totora-Purkay village, 4522 m,
P. Sylvester 905 (CUZ!, Z!); distrito Calca, 13°11’00.3”S, 73°03’08.5”W, 1-V-2013, S. P.
the northwest facing slope found to the Sylvester 1873 (LPB!, USM!, Z!).
immediate north of the prominent tower
Notes: This species was found to be very
known by locals as “Kontorqayku” 5 km
common in grazed puna grassland and
northeast of Huarán, 4311 m, 13°16’02.8”S,
open Polylepis woodland intermixed with
72°01’13.1”W, 27-IV-2011, S. P. Sylvester
Festuca and Calamagrostis tussock grasses.
1186 (CUZ!, LPB!, Z!).
Previously known from the paramos
Notes: This species was found to of Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador
be common to very common in grazed (Romoleroux, 1996; Jørgensen & León-
puna grassland and rocky open Polylepis Yánez, 1999; Luteyn, 1999). Luteyn (1999)
woodland, amongst vegetation found in and Romoleroux (1996) mention this species
damp cracks. Although the type specimen to occur in the northern paramos of Peru

234 24 (1): Enero - Junio, 2017

Sylvester et al.: Four new and five overlooked records of vascular plants from puna grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes

but do not cite specimens. The specimens Sylvester 549 (CUZ!, F!).
cited here thus represent the most southerly
Notes: Found in a variety of habitats
distribution records for this species.
including rocky ground, heavily grazed
VALERIANACEAE puna grassland, tussock grassland, and
Polylepis forest. Weberling (2005) cites
Valeriana mandonii Britton, Bull.
the specimen Stork 10227 (F) for the Dpto.
Torrey Bot. Club 18: 264. 1891. Fig. 2c.
Junin, prov. Huancayo of Peru under the
TYPE: BOLIVIA. Sorata, Rusby 874 name Valeriana mandonii subsp. andina
(Holotype: ?; Isotypes: K, NY, MICH, MO) (Britton) Weberl. TROPICOS.ORG (2017)
Peruvian specimens examined: Dpto. also mention the specimen Percy Núñez
Cusco, prov. Calca, distrito Calca, prominent V. 10064 (MO) for the Santuario Histórico
ledge situated on the southwest facing cliff Machu Pichu, Lluhuchayor, between
face 1.5 km south (170°) of Cancha Cancha Huayllabamba and Warmihuañusca.
village, Huarán, 4522 m, 13°14’35.2”S, S. P. Sylvester 905. b. Lachemilla
72°01’14.1”W, 21-III-2011, S. P. Sylvester 816 tanacetifolia, specimen uprooted, S. P.
(Z!); distrito Calca, grazed ground below Sylvester 572. c. Valeriana mandonii, S. P.
the southwest facing crags of the Laguna Sylvester 549.
Yanacocha 1.5 km east of Cancha Cancha
village, Huarán, 4310 m, 13°14’25.4”S,
72°01’16.1”W, 25-III-2011, S. P. Sylvester
885 (CUZ!, Z!); distrito Calca, the grassy
grazed land found to the immediate east
of the prominent tower known by locals as
“Kontorqayku” 5 km northeast of Huarán,
4255 m, 13°16’08.4”S, 72°01’06.6”W, 23-IV-
2011, S. P. Sylvester 1138 (CUZ!, Z!); distrito
Calca, the northwest facing slope found to
the immediate north of the prominent tower
known by locals as “Kontorqayku” 5 km
northeast of Huarán, 4324 m, 13°16’03.2”S,
72°01’13.3”W, 27-IV-2011, S. P. Sylvester
1179 (Z!); distrito Calca, the southwest
facing slope found to the immediate east
of the prominent tower known by locals as
“Kontorqayku” 5 km northeast of Huarán,
4223 m, 13°16’13.2”S, 72°01’05.7”W, 11-V-
2011, S. P. Sylvester 1234 (CUZ!, Z!); prov.
Urubamba, distrito Urubamba, Area de
Conservacion Protegida Mantanay, 10 km
up the valley from Yanahuara, by the side of
Laguna Manalloqsa in the small valley 3 km
east of Laguna Ipsaycocha, directly below
crags 250°W of Laguna Manalloqsa, 4645 m,
13°12’01.1”S, 72°08’48.4”W, 5-II-2011, S. P.

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 Sylvester et al.: Four new and five overlooked records of vascular plants from puna grasslands of the southern Peruvian Andes

Fig. 2. Photographs of some of the overlooked species records for Peru. a. Aphanes parvula,

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P2ZHP3_161988]. We thank Colin Hughes, ruana de Biología 21 (2): 163–170. http://dx.doi.
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