NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS

International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]

ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 6, Jun.-2017
APPLICATION OF STATCOM IN GOVERNING THE GRID CONNECTED
WIND ENERGY SYSTEM FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
GHADAGE MOHINI S.
ME (Power System) Scholar, Department of Electrical Engineering, BSCOER, Pune, India

PROF. KINGE A. P.
Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, BSCOER, Pune, India

ABSTRACT affects the quality of electricity. The key issue of power

Significantly increases the penetration of wind quality is the voltage drop, swell, flickering, harmonics and
energy as one of the renewable energy sources to other power quality are a focus on customer and
cover the load on the demand side of electricity. distribution network and mobile operation greatly affected
Therefore, it is important to study the effect of wind a key measure. The power quality problem is important for
energy on the dynamic stability of the electrical the fan. The operation of a simple wind energy system is to
system. The growing demand for energy has led to the use a direct connection to a network induction generator.
development of new technologies, which play a leading The induction generator has inherent advantages in terms
role in shaping the future of the energy market. Due to of cost efficiency and robustness. However, induction
the constraints of the particular medium surrounding generators require magnetized reactive power. When the
the wind turbine is connected to a network, they induction generator generates the active power change
promise to improve the reliability of the system. When due to the wind, the induction generator's absorbed
the wind is introduced into the grid, it affects the reactive power and voltage terminals can be significantly
quality of the energy. Power Quality measurements affected. Here we propose a STATCOM control technology
effects are active power, reactive power, voltage to reduce the power quality problems; we integrated the
fluctuation, flicker, harmonic and electrical behavior wind turbine power generation.
of switching operations. This paper presents the effect Based on STATCOM control techniques have been
of static compensators (STATCOM) as the stability of proposed to improve the quality of electricity, which can
power systems associated with wind power conversion manage the power levelwith commercial wind turbines
systems. STATCOM (synchronous static compensator) with connected. Power control system connects wind
is connected to a voltage source Converter (VSC) with power STATCOM to grid improve power quality and
the automatic switching device and can be used proposed the following objectives.
effectively to compensate reactive power. This article • Unity power factor at the source side.
presents a STATCOM wind energy system at the • Reactive power support only from STATCOM to wind
general connection point to mitigate power quality Generator and Load.
problems. A STATCOM control system for a grid This work analyzes the performance of STATCOM
connected wind system is modeled using MATLAB / with the wind power generation system and the power
Simulink to improve network power quality. The supply system before the common coupling point
results of the simulation show the performance of associated with power quality issues. However, the
STATCOM. performance of the proposed system compares with the PI
KEYWORDS: Wind Energy, STATCOM, Reactive Power controller. It compares the results of the system,
Compensation, Power Quality Improvement etc. highlighting the benefits of STATCOM.

I. INTRODUCTION: II. LITERATURE SURVEY:

With power demand due to population growth Sharad W. Mohodintroduced research on the
and industrialization, energy production is a real challenge improvement of the quality of control systems for grid
today. It is necessary to meet needs by the use of connected wind energy system. The dissertation shows
renewable energy, such as wind energy, biomass, that power quality problems due to the installation of wind
hydropower and other. Both electric utilities and end users turbines with a network. In this proposed system, the
of electric power more and more concerned about the STATCOM connects to the point of common coupling with
quality of electricity. The power quality can be defined as a battery energy storage system (BESS) to address power
"any power problem at the voltage, current, and frequency, quality issues. Energy storage battery is built to maintain
results in damage or improper operation of the customer's the actual fluctuations of wind power. STATCOM control
equipment." The input of wind power into the network scheme for wind power generation connected to gridto
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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 6, Jun.-2017
improve network power quality which is analyzed using / through it. This is useful for adjusting line voltage.
SIMULINK module of MATLAB power supply system[1]. STATCOM verifies the model by adjusting the reactive
GauravTembhurnikar, AjitChaudhari, NileshWani, power flow and defines IGBT based converter using6
AtulGajare, PankajGajaresuggests various reactive power pulses (two levels). Mathematical Modeling of STATCOM
compensation techniques required by the use of FACTS was rated 10kVA in MATLAB software [6].
devices. They representresearch on the FACTS device, the
parallel operation of the STATCOM, and how to help make III. TOPOLOGY FOR POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS:
better use of network under abnormal condition. First of The voltage fluctuation issue results from the wind
all, many documents on events and the control of reactive velocity and generator torque. The voltage variation is
power and literature reviewon STATCOM were studied directly related to real and reactive power variations. The
and analyzed. The principle of operation and control of voltage variation is commonly classified as under:
STATCOM, which includes phase-angle control and PWM  Voltage Sag/Voltage Dips.
technology, has been studied. However, these systems are  Voltage Swells.
useful for determining behavior under fault conditions [2].  Short Interruptions.
Ahmed Abu Hussein and Mohd. Hasan Ali, have  Long duration voltage variation.
presented comparison between series connected auxiliary Problem of voltage flicker describes the dynamic
devices, like Superconducting Fault Current Limiter change in the network caused by the wind turbine or by
(SFCL), Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), Thyristor changing the load. Thus, the power fluctuationby the
Switched Series Capacitor (TCSC), and Series Dynamic continuous operation of the wind turbine power changes.
Braking Resistor (SDBR), is achieved in terms of fault ride The range of voltage fluctuations depends on the grid,
through competency improvement, harmonics impedance and phase angle and power factor of wind
suppression, controller complexity, and cost of a fixed turbines. It is defined as a voltage variation ranges
speed wind generator system [3]. between 10-35 Hz.
ShervinSamimianTehraniet al. present the The voltage deviation, flicker, harmonics resulting
Simulation ofa14-bus system using STATCOM in equipment failure, i.e. a microprocessor based control
compensated by applying the blunder and see the impact system, programmable logic controller; Adjustable speed
of the voltage compensator buses. Voltage stability of a drives, flickering of light and screen.
system is exaggerated by reactive power limit of the It may leads to tripping of contractors, tripping of
system. FACTs devices advance the reactive power flow in protection devices, stoppage of sensitive equipment like
system thereby successful voltage stability. Inarticle personal computer, programmable logic control system
explores the effect of STATCOM on static voltage stability and may stop the process and even can damage of sensitive
[4]. equipment. Thus it degrades the power quality in the grid.
P. Venkata Kishore and Prof. S. Rama Reddy The STATCOM is a three-phase voltage source
represents Eight bus system is demonstrated using Matlab inverter that has the capacitance of a DC linker and is
SIMULINK. The models are developed for eight bus system connected to a common coupling point. The STATCOM is
with and without D-STATCOM. The two D-STATCOM injected a compensating current at the bus of common
systems are compared with respect to THD and VAR couplingwith a variable extent and the frequency. The
comparison. The D-STATCOM is deliberate with respect to STATCOM based current control voltage source inverter
the voltage stability improvement at the load busses. The injects the current into the grid in such a way that the
outcomes of VSI based D-STATCOM system are compared Source current are harmonic free. The current is injected
with those of Push pull inverter based D-STATCOM system to cancel the reactance and the harmonic current of the
[5]. load current and the induction generator, thereby
Parimal Borse, Dr.A. G. Thosar and Samruddhi increasing the power factor and the power quality.
Shahatested modeling and simulation systems Flexible
Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) device
namely, Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM). The
STATCOM a solid-state voltage source inverter and DC side
capacitor are tied to a transmission line.STATCOM is
injected almost sinusoidal currentvariable amplitude at the
point of common coupling. The current injection is almost
Figure 1 shows a basic model of STATCOM
perpendicular to the line voltage, so emulating reactor at
connected to the system bus through the AC coupling
one point is connected to the transmission line. STATCOM
transformer. STATCOM is the reactive power
model to verify functionality by setting the idle current
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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 6, Jun.-2017
compensating device to generate and/or absorb reactive Fig.2 GRID CONNECTED SYSTEM FOR POWER QUALITY
power are connected in parallel, the output can be varied IMPROVEMENT
to control the power system's specific parameters. In this configuration, wind energy production is
Typically, the state of the solid-state converter can based on having a constant speed control of propulsion of
generate or absorb independently controlled active and turbine topology. In the proposed scheme, due to the
reactive power at its output when its output is fed from the simplicity induction generator being used, no separate
power source or energy storage device. field circuit can accept a fixed and a variable load, and
In particular, such as the STATCOM voltage source having short circuit protection to prevent physical. The
converter, when input from a given DC input terminal, to available wind power of the system is as follows:
generate a three-phase AC output voltage, each of the Pwind=1/2ρAV3wind (1)
phase corresponding to the voltage phase AC system and a Whereρ (kg/m ) is the air density and A(m2) is
relatively low reactive resistor From (the interface is the area removed out by turbine blade, Vwind is the wind
provided by the leakage inductance of the coupling reactor speed in m/s.It is not conceivable to extract all kinetic
or a transformer). DC voltage is provided by the storage energy of wind, thus it abstract a fraction of power in wind,
capacitor. called power coefficient Cp of the wind turbine, and is
A STATCOM can improve power-system given in (2).
Performance like: Pmech = CpPwind (2)
 The dynamic voltage control in transmission and WhereCp is the power coefficient, be subject to on type and
distribution systems operating condition of wind turbine. This coefficient can be
 The power-fluctuation damping in power express as a function of tip speed ratio λ and pitch angle θ.
transmission systems The mechanical power produce by wind turbine is given in
 The transient stability (3)
 The voltage flicker control Pmech = 1/2ρAV3windCp (3)
 The control of not only reactive power but also (if Where is the radius of the blade (m).
needed) active power in the connected line,
needing a dc energy source.
Furthermore, a STATCOM does the following:
 It occupies a small footprint, for it replaces passive
banks of circuit elements by compact electronic
converters
 It offers modular, factory-built equipment, thereby
decreasing site work and executing time; and
 It uses encapsulated electronic converters, Fig.3 BASIC BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
thereby minimizing its environmental impact. Here, the pooled SDBR and STATCOM are
A STATCOM is similar to an ideal synchronous connected to the terminal connected to the wind farm
machine, which produces a balanced group of three power system to observe the effectiveness of the proposed
sinusoidal voltages at a fundamental frequency with system under normal conditions and fault conditions in the
controllable amplitude and a phase angle. This ideal grid. Figure 3 shows an overall diagram of the base system.
machine has no inertia, which is actually instantaneous, It consists of a wind power generation system, SDBR,
does not significantly alter the existing impedance of the STATCOM and a controller to control the operation of
system, and can produce reactive (capacitive and STATCOM and SDBR. Series Dynamic Brake Resistance
inductive) power. (SDBR) directly contributes to balance of active power
during the failure; STATCOM help regulates the reactive
IV. WIND ENERGY GENERATING SYSTEM: power flow.

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 6, Jun.-2017
V. MATLAB SIMULATION AND RESULTS:

Fig.4 MATLAB SIMULATION DIAGRAM

Fig.4 shows Matlab simulation diagram of of source current, load current are shown in Fig. 5(a) and
STATCOM in controlling the grid connected wind energy (b) respectively. While the result of injected current
system for power quality improvement by FFT and from STATCOM is shown in Fig. 5(c) and the generated
analyzed waveforms are shown in Fig.5. STATCOM current from wind generator at PCC are depicted in Fig.
regulate the available real power from source. The result 5(d).

Fig.4 MATLAB SIMULATION RESULT

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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 6, Jun.-2017
VI. CONCLUSION:
In this way, the article describes an improved
state of the STATCOM power control status based on the
wind energy power system and the non-linear load. It
introduces power quality issues and their impacts on
consumers and electricity companies. Simulation of
MATLAB / SIMULINK for STATCOM-BESS is developed
to control the system to maintain power quality. Has the
ability to eliminate the portion of the load current
harmonic. It also maintains source and the power
voltage, and in support of the PCC grid system, the
demand for reactive power of the wind turbine and the
load, thus providing opportunities for increased use of
the transmission line. Integrated wind power and
STATCOM and BESS were excellent. Therefore, the
system proposed network connection to meet the power
quality standards.

REFERENCES
1) Sharad W, Mohod, Member, IEEE, and Mohan V.
Aware, “A STATCOM-Control Scheme for Grid
Connected Wind Energy System for Power Quality
Improvement”, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,
Vol.4, No.3, September 2013.
2) GauravTembhurnikar, Ajit Chaudhari, Nilesh Wani,
AtulGajare, PankajGajare, “ A Review on Reactive
Power Compensation Techniques using FACTS
Devices”, International Journal of Engineering and
Management ResearchVol.4, Issue-1, February-2014.
3) Ahmed Abu Hussein and Mohd. Hasan Ali,
“Comparison among Series Compensators for Fault
Ride through Capability Enhancement of Wind
Generator Systems”, InternationalJournal Of
Renewable Energy Research,Vol.4, No.3, 2014.
4) Shervin Samimian Tehrani, Peyman Salmanpour
Bandaghiri, “Shunt Compensation for Improvement of
Voltage Stability Using Static Synchronous
Compensator (STATCOM) for Various Faults in Power
System”, International Journal Of Advanced Research
In Electrical, Electronics And Instrumentation
Engineering,Vol. 3, Issue 6, June 2014.
5) P. Venkata Kishore, Prof. S. Rama Reddy,
“Compensation of Reactive Power Using D-STATCOM”,
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering (IOSR-JEEE), Vol. 9, Issue 1, PP 17-27,
Jan. 2014.
6) ParimalBorse, Dr. A. G. Thosar, Samruddhi Shaha,
“Modeling and Simulation of STATCOM”,
International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology (IJERT), Vol. 3 Issue 12, December-2014.

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