Project Title

PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE TO
THE PEOPLE ABOUT USING
CONTRACEPTIVE FOR BIRTH
CONTROL
Table of Contents
Cover sheet 1
Table of contents 2

I. Introduction 3

1.1 Background of the Study 3

1.2 Objectives of the study 5
1.3 Statement of the Problem 5
1.4 Significance of the study 6
1.5 Definition of terms 6
1.6 Literature Review 7
1.7 Scope and Delimitation 8

II. Methodology 9

2.1 Expected Output 9

2.2 End-Users/Target Beneficiaries 9
2.3 Program/Project Duration 9
2.4 Conceptual Design 9
2.5 Conceptual Framework 10
2.6 Study Design 10
2.7 Research Instrument 10
2.8 Study Population 10
2.9 Sample size computation 10
2.10 Study Site 10
2.11 Study Plan 11
2.12 Variables to be Investigated 11
2.13 Plans for Data processing and analysis 12
2.14 Time schedule / work plan 12
2.15 Estimated Cost Built up 12
References 13
Appendices 14
 CHAPTER 1

1. INTRODUCTION

Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, is a method or device
used to prevent pregnancy. Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and
safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century. Planning, making
available, and using birth control is called family planning. Some cultures limit or discourage
access to birth control because they consider it to be morally, religiously, or politically
undesirable. Women’s preventative care – including birth control – is basic health care. This
shouldn’t be a revolutionary idea, but unfortunately it is to some, and in the past few years,
birth control has become increasingly politicized. Despite the fact that 99% of women
between the ages of 15 and 44 who are sexually active have used birth control at some point,
and a majority of Americans (70%) believe insurance companies should cover the full cost of
birth control, just as they do for other preventive services, some are choosing to focus on
chipping away at a women’s access to birth control.

1.1 Background of the Study

The factors controlling human fertility and the development of rational therapies to
limit births are not necessarily more difficult to understand than the isolation and cure of
bacterial diseases. The surgery of voluntary sterilization or early abortion is intrinsically
simpler than the treatment of appendicitis or the forceps delivery of a baby. Yet fertility
regulation has diffused less rapidly through society than the means to cure disease and
prevent death. This imbalance has generated an explosion in global population that is difficult
to accommodate, and it has contributed to great inequalities in wealth and untold personal
misery. Useful insights into current problems can be gained by looking at the history of
contraceptive practice.

The aim of this chapter is to document the historical diapause between the acquisition
and the application of relevant biologic knowledge to birth control; to analyze the historical
factors affecting the delay; and to suggest that early 19th and 20th century attitudes toward
contraception in the West are still palpable and cast their shadows over global events in the
21st century.
 Family planning involves decisions made by women and men concerning their
reproductive lives and most importantly whether, when, and under what circumstances they
have children. Couples have to make decisions about whether to engage in sexual activity
that could lead to pregnancy, whether to use birth control, and whether to terminate a
pregnancy.

Birth control and abortion aren’t new. Family planning has been practiced for
centuries. Early methods weren’t always safe or effective. For example, centuries ago
Chinese women drank lead and mercury to reduce fertility, which sometimes lead to sterility
and death. Individuals faced with family planning questions often rely on moral or religious
beliefs to reach a decision. Because moral and religious beliefs vary widely in the United
States, family planning laws are frequently controversial.

In the Nineteenth Century, the United States, birth rates began to decline, in part due
to an increase in scientific information about conception and contraception or birth control.
The average white woman in 1800 gave birth 7 times. By 1900, that number dropped to an
average of 3.5 births. At the beginning of the 1800s, early stage abortions generally were
legal. It wasn’t until the mid to late 1800s that abortion laws were passed to ban the
procedure. The use of birth control and abortion, however, declined as growing public
opinion considered information about birth control methods to be obscene, and abortion to be
unsafe. Religious and moral beliefs then, as now, affected reproductive laws.

In the Twentieth Century, year 1912, Margaret Sanger started the modern birth
control movement by writing a newspaper column about the subject. Ms. Sanger was a public
health nurse concerned about women affected by frequent childbirth, miscarriages, and
unsafe abortions. In 1916, she opened the first birth control clinic. Ms. Sanger is a
controversial figure who’s been accused of being racist primarily by those opposed to
abortion.

In the early part of the 20th century, the focus was on the need for married couples to
space children and limit family size. Developments in medical science also assisted in
decreasing the number of children per family. In 1928, ovulation timing was established, but
mistakenly included half of menstruation. From 1940 to 1957, family size increased again to
3.7 children.

In 1960, the birth control pills and IUD become available. In 1965, the Supreme Court
in Griswold v. Connecticut struck down state laws prohibiting birth control use by married
couples. In 1970, federal funding for family planning services was established. By 1980,
these services were a part of Medicaid.

For more history, read the FindLaw article on major reproductive rights Supreme
Court cases in the 20th and 21st century.

In twenty-First Century, family planning law continues to change. People on both

sides of the debate feel strongly, often for reasons related to religion or mothers’ health. The
Affordable Care Act mandates that insurance pay for birth control. However, in June 2014,
the Supreme Court ruled in the Hobby Lobby case that closely held corporations can object to
providing birth control to employees, if it violates the corporation's religious beliefs. The
controversy over birth control and abortion laws will certainly continue.

History cannot be unwritten, but knowledge of past events can illuminate

contemporary issues. Societal attitudes, most especially those of the Judeo-Christian tradition
that molded Western Europe, often inhibited the recognition of problems related to human
reproduction.

1.2 Objectives of the Study

1. The study aims to find out if acceptable usage of the contraceptives provides
knowledge and awareness to the people of the community about birth control.
2. This study intends to look for useful information on how effective is the acceptable
usage of contraceptive helps disseminate knowledge and awareness to the people of
the community about birth control.
3. This study to discover the impact of acceptable usage to the people of the community
regarding birth control.

1.3 Statement of the Problem:

1. Acceptable usage of the contraceptives provides knowledge and awareness to the

people of the community about birth control.
2. The impact of acceptable contraceptive usage to the people of the community
regarding birth control.
 3. The benefits of using contraceptives for birth control and the effect of it to the
people.

1.4 Significance of the Study

The study aspires to find useful knowledge about the acceptable usage of
contraceptives leading to birth control awareness that can help the community regarding
population growth and this study can serve as an eye opener for them to use contraceptives
that will help them in family planning which can provide cure to the country’s problem at
present. Also, the study seeks away on how to spread public awareness on birth control which
they may use in various studies with birth control related topics. Studies like this can help the
medical community and the country as a whole.

1.5 Definitions of Terms

1. Contraceptives - A contraceptive method or device is a method or a device which a

woman uses to prevent herself from becoming pregnant.

2. Contraception - Is the use of various devices, drugs, agents, sexual practices, or

surgical procedures to prevent conception or pregnancy.

3. Contraceptive Pill- The contraceptive pill will prevent you from getting pregnant
in 95% of cases and it comes close to providing 99% protection if you take one pill
every day as prescribed, can come in two forms: the combined contraceptive pill
(containing the hormones estrogen and progestin) or the mini-pill (only progestin).

4. The Male Condom - Is a strong contender to the title of most common

contraception method. It is easy to use, affordable and offers the best protection
against STIs (e.g. gonorrhea, chlamydia, HIV).

5. The Female Condom - is one of the few types of contraception that you can buy
over-the-counter at pharmacies and grocery stores without a prescription. It offers
 95% effective protection for pregnancy, as well as some protection against STIs.
They can be inserted up to eight hours before sex.

6. Birth control - Also known as contraception and fertility control, is a method or

device used to prevent pregnancy.

1.6 Literature Review (RRL)

The increasingly knowledge of sexual phase of contraception specifically hormonal

contraception, affiliates with libido. The outbreak ranges of women’s sexual experience are
the cause of more holistic approach to contraceptive sexual acceptability. There are two parts
of narrative literature review about this topic. The first is to build a modern conceptual model
of sexual acceptability that includes macro, relationship and individual factor. Next is about
the appraisal of empirical literature on the sexual acceptability of particular methods.
Applying the exemplary as soon as possible, the test suggested that contraceptives affect
women’s sexuality. A lot of concentration of sexual concept ability is needed for women’s
sexual well-being and more widespread, user-friendly contraceptive exercises. (Higgins &
Smith, 2016)

Researchers found an analogous breast cancer risk with the progestin, only
intrauterine device and they couldn’t rule out a risk for other hormonal contraceptives like the
patch and implants. Soon they found there is no disparateness among types of birth control
pills. (Fox, 2017)

In choosing contraceptives, couples equalize their sexual lives, reproduction aim and
each partner’s health and protection. It is important for men and women to have wide
assortment of contraceptive positions. Which permit them to maximize the advantage and
minimize the hazards of contraceptives use as their need change. Although probe on and
development of fresh contraceptive have failed, still they investigate to the new options.
These includes chemical, mechanical barrier method, hormonal method, male contraception,
trans-cervical sterilization and immune contraceptives. (Gabelnick & Schwartz, 2002)
The United State of America legalized birth control in their country and provides enormous
advantages to women and their families. As the woman access to birth control, they can plan
and prevent pregnancies. As birth control became legal, teenage pregnancy prevention
increases by 40% because of the contraceptives. The United State of America government
decided to raise an awareness and let women have access to all forms of birth control.
(Richards, 2016)

1.7 Scope and Delimitation

This study focuses on Acceptable usage of contraceptives providing knowledge among

people in the community about Birth control.

This study will be conducted at the Western Mindanao State University and limited only to
the College students of the University.
 CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

2.1 Expected Output

1. The total number of the effective birth control pills during intercourse
2. The effect of the birth control pills on certain users
3. The purpose of taking up birth control pills at an early age

2.2 End-Users/Target Beneficiaries

The beneficiaries of this study are the user herself, her family and the community as a whole.

2.3 Program/Project Duration

Two (2) months

2.4 Conceptual Design

College student observations to be conducted and formulation of survey questions to
be used will be done by the researchers based on the area of the school.
Once the survey questions are ready, it will be validated by experts on this subject
matter. After gathering the suggestions of the validators, the survey questions will be ready
for use and at the same time the researchers will conduct student observations around the
school.
Surveys will be conducted to elicit responses from the participants and these will be
analyzed by themes based on the objectives of the study.
2.5 Conceptual Framework

CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION OF
OF
QUALITATIVE
QUALITATIVE SURVEY
SURVEY
QUESTIONNAIRE
QUESTIONNAIRE

DISTRIBITION OF SURVEY
QUESTIONNAIRE

ANALYZATION AND
INTERPRETATION OF THE
DATA GATHERED

2.6 Study design

A survey will be utilized following the inclusion criteria of the study. Through
cluster random sampling, the targeted respondents will be random. And it will be conducted
spot on.

The survey will be conducted among the randomly selected college students

Before each survey, the respondents will be informed about the study and their
informed consent will be obtained prior to their participation and for recording the
information. The gathering of data will be conducted in an area which will guarantee the
confidentiality of the information that the respondents will share with the researchers.

2.7 Research Instrument

This study utilized a survey questionnaire to elicit responses from the respondents. The
questionnaires will be validated before utilization.
 2.8 Study population
The population of the study is on the college students of Western Mindanao State
University (WMSU). They are identified through a cluster-random sampling.

2.9 Sample size computation

Since the population of the college students in WMSU is unknown. Our target size
will be at least around 10 students

2.10 Study Site

Halls and canteen of the Western Mindanao State University

2.11 Study plan

Data procedure will be undertaken through the following:

1. Preparation of questions and survey.
2. Validating those questions and survey.
3. Students observation and survey.
4. Collecting Data using the survey questions.
5. Collecting Data from students’ observation.
6. A piece of paper with those questions will be given to the students.
7. Feedbacks from the students of the survey will be noted by the researchers.

2.12 Variables to be Investigated

Dependent
TEENAGERS Variable
Independe

Variable

LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE
nt
 BIRTH CONTROL
METHOD

2.13 Plans for Data processing and analysis

Analysis of data/responses will be done after the survey. The responses from the
survey will be categorized based on the objectives of the study.

2.14 Time schedule / work plan

ACTIVITIES February 2018 March 2018

DAYS 6-7 8-9 12-13 21-22 23-26 27- 1-2 5 7-9 12-15
28
Title
Literature Review
Introduction
Methodology
Budget / Estimated cost
built up
Development &
Validation of Research
Instrument
Survey
Analysis & Report
Writing
Conclusions
Appendix

2.15 Estimated Cost Built up

Amount
PARTICLES
(PHL pesos)
I. Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE)

a. Communication Expense 800

b. Supplies and Materials 500
c. Snacks and Other Operational Expense 1,500
II. Tokens for participants 1,200
Grand Total 4,000

2.16 References

Fox, M. (2017, December 7). nbcnews. Retrieved from nbcnews.com:

https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/even-modern-birth-control-pills-raise-
breast-cancer-risk-n827086

Gabelnick, H. L., & Schwartz, J. L. (2002, Novemver 1). guttmacher. Retrieved from guttmacher.org:
https://www.guttmacher.org/journals/psrh/2002/11/current-contraceptive-research

Higgins, J. A., & Smith, N. K. (2016, May 3). ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved from ncbi:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4868075/

Richards, C. (2016, March 3). nejm. Retrieved from nejm.org:

http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMp1601150

Smith, J. A. (2016, May 3). ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved from ncbi:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4868075/
 1. Do you know what is Contraceptives?

2. Do you know how to use it?

3. Do you use contraceptives?

Appendices

Name (Optional): _________________________________ Age: _____

Year and Course: ___________________ Sex: _____
4. Do you agree that using contraceptive is good?

5. Do you encourage others to use contraceptives?

6. Do you use contraceptive for birth control?

7. Do you know some ways on how to prevent pregnancy?

8. Do you agree that using contraceptive will prevent birth

control?

9. Do you believe that using contraceptive will surely prevent

pregnancy?

10. Do you agree to use contraceptive to answer the problem in

birth control?

Signature: _____________________