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    Buckling Analysis

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    anthraxp
    Buckling loads are critical loads where certain types of structures become unstable. This tutorial will use a steel beam with a 10 mm X 10 mm cross section. The required load to cause buckling, applied at the top-center of the beam, will be calculated.

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    Buckling Analysis

    Uploaded by

    anthraxp
    305 views4 pages
    Buckling loads are critical loads where certain types of structures become unstable. This tutorial will use a steel beam with a 10 mm X 10 mm cross section. The required load to cause buckling, applied at the top-center of the beam, will be calculated.

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    Buckling loads are critical loads where certain types of structures become unstable. This tutorial will use a steel beam with a 10 mm X 10 mm cross section. The required load to cause buckling, applied at the top-center of the beam, will be calculated.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    305 views4 pages

    Buckling Analysis

    Uploaded by

    anthraxp
    Buckling loads are critical loads where certain types of structures become unstable. This tutorial will use a steel beam with a 10 mm X 10 mm cross section. The required load to cause buckling, applied at the top-center of the beam, will be calculated.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    University of Alberta ANSYS Tutorials - www.mece.ualberta.ca/tutorials/ansys/CL/CIT/Buckling/Print.

    html

    Buckling

    Introduction
    This tutorial was created using ANSYS 7.0 to solve a simple buckling problem.

    It is recommended that you complete the NonLinear Tutorial prior to beginning this tutorial

    Buckling loads are critical loads where certain types of structures become unstable. Each load has an associated
    buckled mode shape; this is the shape that the structure assumes in a buckled condition. There are two primary
    means to perform a buckling analysis:

    1. Eigenvalue

    Eigenvalue buckling analysis predicts the theoretical buckling strength of an ideal elastic structure. It
    computes the structural eigenvalues for the given system loading and constraints. This is known as
    classical Euler buckling analysis. Buckling loads for several configurations are readily available from
    tabulated solutions. However, in real-life, structural imperfections and nonlinearities prevent most real-
    world structures from reaching their eigenvalue predicted buckling strength; ie. it over-predicts the
    expected buckling loads. This method is not recommended for accurate, real-world buckling prediction
    analysis.

    2. Nonlinear

    Nonlinear buckling analysis is more accurate than eigenvalue analysis because it employs non-linear,
    large-deflection, static analysis to predict buckling loads. Its mode of operation is very simple: it
    gradually increases the applied load until a load level is found whereby the structure becomes unstable
    (ie. suddenly a very small increase in the load will cause very large deflections). The true non-linear
    nature of this analysis thus permits the modeling of geometric imperfections, load perterbations, material
    nonlinearities and gaps. For this type of analysis, note that small off-axis loads are necessary to initiate
    the desired buckling mode.

    Copyright © 2002 University of Alberta


    University of Alberta ANSYS Tutorials - www.mece.ualberta.ca/tutorials/ansys/CL/CIT/Buckling/Print.html

    This tutorial will use a steel beam with a 10 mm X 10 mm cross section, rigidly constrained at the bottom. The
    required load to cause buckling, applied at the top-center of the beam, will be calculated.

    ANSYS Command Listing


    Eigenvalue Buckling

    FINISH ! These two commands clear current data


    /CLEAR

    /TITLE,Eigenvalue Buckling Analysis

    /PREP7 ! Enter the preprocessor

    ET,1,BEAM3 ! Define the element of the beam to be buckled


    R,1,100,833.333,10 ! Real Consts: type 1, area (mm^2), I (mm^4), height (mm)
    MP,EX,1,200000 ! Young's modulus (in MPa)
    MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! Poisson's ratio

    K,1,0,0 ! Define the geometry of beam (100 mm high)


    K,2,0,100

    L,1,2 ! Draw the line

    ESIZE,10 ! Set element size to 1 mm


    LMESH,ALL,ALL ! Mesh the line

    FINISH
    /SOLU ! Enter the solution mode

    Copyright © 2002 University of Alberta


    University of Alberta ANSYS Tutorials - www.mece.ualberta.ca/tutorials/ansys/CL/CIT/Buckling/Print.html

    ANTYPE,STATIC ! Before you can do a buckling analysis, ANSYS


    ! needs the info from a static analysis
    PSTRES,ON ! Prestress can be accounted for - required
    ! during buckling analysis
    DK,1,ALL ! Constrain the bottom of beam

    FK,2,FY,-1 ! Load the top vertically with a unit load.


    ! This is done so the eigenvalue calculated
    ! will be the actual buckling load, since
    ! all loads are scaled during the analysis.
    SOLVE
    FINISH

    /SOLU ! Enter the solution mode again to solve buckling


    ANTYPE,BUCKLE ! Buckling analysis
    BUCOPT,LANB,1 ! Buckling options - subspace, one mode
    SOLVE
    FINISH

    /SOLU ! Re-enter solution mode to expand info - necessary


    EXPASS,ON ! An expantion pass will be performed
    MXPAND,1 ! Specifies the number of modes to expand
    SOLVE
    FINISH

    /POST1 ! Enter post-processor


    SET,LIST ! List eigenvalue solution - Time/Freq listing is the
    ! force required for buckling (in N for this case).
    SET,LAST ! Read in data for the desired mode
    PLDISP ! Plots the deflected shape

    NonLinear Buckling

    FINISH ! These two commands clear current data


    /CLEAR

    /TITLE, Nonlinear Buckling Analysis


    /PREP7 ! Enter the preprocessor
    ET,1,BEAM3 ! Define element as beam3

    MP,EX,1,200000 ! Young's modulus (in Pa)


    MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! Poisson's ratio

    R,1,100,833.333,10 ! area, I, height

    K,1,0,0,0 ! Lower node


    K,2,0,100,0 ! Upper node (100 mm high)

    L,1,2 ! Draws line

    ESIZE,1 ! Sets element size to 1 mm


    LMESH,ALL ! Mesh line

    FINISH
    /SOLU

    ANTYPE,STATIC ! Static analysis (not buckling)


    NLGEOM,ON ! Non-linear geometry solution supported
    OUTRES,ALL,ALL ! Stores bunches of output

    Copyright © 2002 University of Alberta


    University of Alberta ANSYS Tutorials - www.mece.ualberta.ca/tutorials/ansys/CL/CIT/Buckling/Print.html

    NSUBST,20 ! Load broken into 5 load steps


    NEQIT,1000 ! Use 20 load steps to find solution
    AUTOTS,ON ! Auto time stepping
    LNSRCH,ON

    /ESHAPE,1 ! Plots the beam as a volume rather than line

    DK,1,ALL,0 ! Constrain bottom

    FK,2,FY,-50000 ! Apply load slightly greater than predicted


    ! required buckling load to upper node
    FK,2,FX,-250 ! Add a horizontal load (0.5% FY) to initiate
    ! buckling
    SOLVE
    FINISH

    /POST26 ! Time history post processor


    RFORCE,2,1,F,Y ! Reads force data in variable 2
    NSOL,3,2,U,Y ! Reads y-deflection data into var 3
    XVAR,2 ! Make variable 2 the x-axis
    PLVAR,3 ! Plots variable 3 on y-axis

    /AXLAB,Y,DEFLECTION ! Changes y label


    /AXLAB,X,LOAD ! Changes X label
    /REPLOT

    Copyright © 2002 University of Alberta

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