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Chapter 3 Summarize UCSP

Socialization and enculturation refer to the lifelong processes through which people acquire identities, skills, and norms necessary to function within a society. Socialization occurs through interaction with socializing agents like family, schools, peers, media, religion, and the state. It involves both consciously and unconsciously internalizing the values, behaviors, and beliefs of one's culture. Enculturation specifically refers to learning and adopting the traditions of one's own cultural group. Both are essential for individuals to become competent and well-adjusted members of society.

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Cris Labiaga Aranas
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680 views

Chapter 3 Summarize UCSP

Socialization and enculturation refer to the lifelong processes through which people acquire identities, skills, and norms necessary to function within a society. Socialization occurs through interaction with socializing agents like family, schools, peers, media, religion, and the state. It involves both consciously and unconsciously internalizing the values, behaviors, and beliefs of one's culture. Enculturation specifically refers to learning and adopting the traditions of one's own cultural group. Both are essential for individuals to become competent and well-adjusted members of society.

Uploaded by

Cris Labiaga Aranas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Socialization and Enculturation

 “The human mind is nothing but a blank state or


a tabula rasa” - John Locke

 Socialization refers to the lifelong process of


social interaction through which people acquire
their identities and necessary survival skills in
society.
- This central process of social life helps
people to know what are the appropriate
ways to think, feel, and act.
- process of socialization makes the
person gradually become self-aware and
knowledgeable human being, and learn
the ways, values, rules, and culture of his
or her society.
- it is also important in politics, and a
citizen develops and acquires political ideas,
values, attitudes, beliefs and opinions
through political socialization.
 Political socialization a process which enables
the development of citizens to function
effectively within a particular political system.
 Internalization refers to the process of accepting
the social norms, attitudes, roles and values
transmitted by people and social groups within
society as one’s own.
 “If people failed to play their expected roles or
behaved “strangely”, there is incomplete or
inadequate socialization” - Talcott Parsons

 Interpretevist sociologist see socialization as an


interactive process between individuals and other
members of society.
 “Socialization is a two-way process between the
individual and the larger groups in society such
as social organizations and institutions.”-
William Wentworth
 3 significant aspects of socialization
 Social context - refers to the paritcular
circumstances of a society and consists of its
culture, language and the social structures that
define social class, ethnicity, and gender.
 Content; and - refers to ideas, beliefs,
behavior, and other information that are passed
on by members of society o the individual.
 Process - refers to the methods of interaction
that enable the content to be given to the person
undergoing socialization.
 Results refers to the outcomes of socialization,
evident when individuals begin to practice the
behaviors, attitudes and values that society
considers necessary for themto function
effectively as its members.
 Anthropologists view socialization in terms of
becoming familiar with one’s own culture, and
use the term enculturation to describe the
process of being socialized into a specific culture.
- it is a process that helps individuals
become functional members of society.

 “One must undergo a process of learning culture


“in all its uniqueness and particularity””. -
Margaret Mead
 “Consider enculturation as both a conscious and
unconscious conditioning process whereby a
person, as a child and an adult, achieves
competence in his or her culture, internalizes it
and becomes thoroughly enculturated” - E.
Adamson Hoebel

Agents of Socialization and Enculturation


•social groups that people come in contact and
interact with throughout their lives.
•teaches people essential knowledge to participate
successfully in society.

- Family
•Primary agent of socialization
•Defines the identity of an individual

- Schools
• teaches competitiveness, cooperation, conformity,
innovation, punctuality, orderliness, and respect for
authority.
• teaches students to value self-improvement and
hardwork
• Venue for political socialization

- Peer Groups
• reinforce acceptable behaviors introduced by the
family and school
• refer to people who share the same interests or
characteristics
• provides a certain degree of independence to an
individual

- Mass Media
• Powerful agent of socialization
• forms of communication includes books,
magazines, newspapers, other print materials,
radio, television, and movies.
• Source of information regarding events in society.

Pluralist Model
•portrays media as an ideological marketplace

Market Model
• suggests that media reflects the views of the
general public.
• Media presents what they think the people want

Dominant-ideology Model
• bias that links between media and the political
and social elite.

Elite-values Model
• bias that links to the personal views of media
professionals

- Religion and State


• both are considered as the ultimate sources of
authority
• Religion exerts a great influence on the views of a
person
• State induces socialization through laws and other
regulations.
Deviance
- a behavior that elicits a strong negative reaction
from group members.

Emile Durkheim
 Anomie
 a condition where social control becomes
ineffective due to the loss of shared values
and sense of purpose in society.
Robert Merton
 Structural Strain Theory
 tensions and strains between socially-
approved goals and an individual’s ability
to meet them will lead to deviance.
ex: force to commit crime

Subcultural view – an emergence of deviant


behavior within certain groups in society.

labeling theory – believes that there is actually no


deviance in society.

conflict perspective – analyzes deviance in the


framework of competing interests between social
groups.

broken window theory – an order to discourage


deviance
ex: avoiding vandalism

HUMAN DIGNITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS


 Human Dignity refers to the idea that a person
has the innate right to be valued, respected, and
treated well.
 Human Rights are legal, social, and ethical
principles that consider the human person as
deserving of liberties and protections by virtue of
his or her human dignity.
- founded on natural rights, which are
universal and inalienable, and are not
contingent on laws, customs, beliefs, or
values of a particular culture.

 Human rights are considered to have the


following characteristics:
 Universal because they belong to all human
beings regardless of race, religion gender, and
other characteristics.
 Fundamental since they cannot be taken away
from any human being.
 Indivisible as various rights are interrelated
and given equal importance.
 Absolute since they cannot be qualified and
are considered basic necessities for living a
genuine life.
 A major legal instrument that upholds the
recognition of human rights is the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights which was
drafted by the United Nations Commission on
Human Rights in 1948.

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