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Process Dynamic Control Question

This document outlines the topics and questions for a mid-semester exam in a Process Dynamics & Control course. It includes 5 problems: 1. Solving an ODE using Laplace transforms. 2. Analyzing a continuous stirred tank reactor model, including determining steady states and transient responses. 3. Deriving a mathematical model for liquid level changes in a storage tank fed by a fluctuating input flow. 4. Analyzing the response of a second-order system with a single zero. 5. Generalizing the relation between input and output for systems with and without time delay.

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Ram chandra
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
205 views

Process Dynamic Control Question

This document outlines the topics and questions for a mid-semester exam in a Process Dynamics & Control course. It includes 5 problems: 1. Solving an ODE using Laplace transforms. 2. Analyzing a continuous stirred tank reactor model, including determining steady states and transient responses. 3. Deriving a mathematical model for liquid level changes in a storage tank fed by a fluctuating input flow. 4. Analyzing the response of a second-order system with a single zero. 5. Generalizing the relation between input and output for systems with and without time delay.

Uploaded by

Ram chandra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ChE381 Process Dynamics & Control Jan-Apr 2014

Mid-semester exam 2 hours; 100 points

1. Solve the following ODE using Laplace transform:

d2 y dy
2
+ 2 + 2y = 2
dt dt
with y(0) = y′ (0) = 0. [10 points]
2. Consider a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in which a first order reaction is taking
place with rate rA = −kCA with k = 0.040 min−1 . The volume V of the reactor is constant,
and the reactor is operating under isothermal conditions. The input volumetric flow rate is
0.085m3 /min, and V = 2.1m3 . The input concentration of species A CA0 = 0.925 mol/m3 .
[20 points]
a. Write down the mathematical model for the isothermal CSTR.

b. Determine the steady state concentration at the output of the CSTR.

c. At time t = 10 min, the inlet concentration CA0 undergoes a step increase of mag-
nitude 0.925 mol/m3 . Determine how the concentration of the output of the CSTR
changes as a function of time.

d. What is the ultimate steady value of the output concentration after the step jump ?
Qualitatively sketch the response of the output concentration as a function of time.

e. What is the time constant of the process ?


3. A storage tank (shown in figure 1) is fed by an input flow rate Fi (t), and a steady rate of
liquid (constant density) withdrawal is maintained by the constant speed pump at the tank
outlet with flow rate F0 . The tank’s cross-sectional area is 2.5 m2 . The incoming flow rate
fluctuates around its nominal steady-state value in a sinusoidal fashion with a maximum
deviation of 10 m3 /hr, and the frequency of the sinusoidal fluctuation is denoted by ω .
[25 points]
a. Derive from first principles the mathematical model (i.e. the ODE) for the change in
height of liquid level in the tank.

b. If there is a steady state, what is Fi (t) ?

c. Derive the response of the liquid level in the tank (as a deviation from the steady
state) as a function of time and frequency of the input flow rate.

d. If ω = 0.2 radians/hr, what is the maximum and minimum values of the deviation in
the liquid level from its nominal operating value ?

e. If the tank is 10m high and that the nominal operating level is h = 5 m, what condition
must the frequency of the input flow rate satisfy to guarantee that during operation
the tank does not overflow ? Can the tank become empty at any frequency ?

1
F
i

Fo

pump

Figure 1: Problem 3

4. Consider a second-order system that has a single zero:

K(τa s + 1)
G(s) =
(τ1 s + 1)(τ2 s + 1)

If τ1 > τ2 , and for a unit step input: [20 points]

a. Determine under what condition(s) will the output y(t) show an extremum (maxi-
mum or minimum).

b. Determine when overshoot can occur.

c. Determine when inverse response can occur.

d. If an extremum in y(t) exists, determine the time at which the extremum occurs.

5. In the lectures, it was shown that if there is a general linear relation between out-
put and input variables y(s) = g(s)u(s), and if u(t) = A sin(ω t), then the output y(t) =
A0 sin(ω t + φ ), where A0 = |g( jω )| and φ = arg(g( jω )). Here g(s) is an arbitrary nth
order transfer function. Can a similar relation be derived if g(s) has time delay, i.e. if
g(s) = g1 (s) exp(−α s) where g1 (s) is an nth order transfer function without time delay ?
Justify your conclusion by a mathematical proof similar to what was carried out in the lec-
tures. [25 points]

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