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Process Dynamics and Control

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Patrick Cortes
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16 views

Process Dynamics and Control

Uploaded by

Patrick Cortes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Process Dynamics and Control

1. Solve the given differential equation:

2. A completely enclosed stirred-tank heating process is used to heat an incoming stream whose flow
rate varies. The heating rate from this coil and the volume are both constant. Develop a
mathematical model that describes the exit temperature if heat losses to the ambient occur and
if the ambient temperature (Ta) and the incoming stream’s temperature (Ti) both can vary.

3. The start-up procedure for a batch reactor includes a heating step where the reactor temperature
is gradually heated to the nominal operating temperature of 75 oC. The desired temperature
profile T(t) is shown below. What is T(s)?

4. The dynamic model between an output variable y and an input variable u can be expressed by:

a. Will this system exhibit an oscillatory response after an arbitrary change in u?


b. What is the steady-state gain?
c. For a step change in u of magnitude 1.5, what is y(t)?

5. Consider the following transfer function:


a. What is the steady-gain?
b. What is the time constant?
c. If U(s) = 2/s, what is the value of the output y(t) after a very long time?
d. For the same U(s), what is the value of the output when t=10? What is the output when
expressed as a fraction of the new steady-state value?
e. If U(s) is a unit rectangular pulse, what is the output after a very long time?
6. A thermometer having a time constant of 0.2 min is placed in a temperature bath, and after the
thermometer comes to equilibrium with the bath, the temperature of the bath is increased
linearly with time at a rate of 1o/min.
a. What is the difference between the indicated temperature and the bath temperature 0.1
min after the change in temperature begins?
b. What is the maximum deviation between indicated temperature and bath temperature,
and when does it occur?
7. A liquid storage system is shown below. The normal operating conditions are 𝑞̅1 = 10 𝑓𝑡 3 ⁄𝑚𝑖𝑛,
𝑞̅2 = 5 𝑓𝑡 3 ⁄𝑚𝑖𝑛, and ℎ̅ = 4 𝑓𝑡. The tank is 6 ft in diameter, and the density of each stream is 60
lb/ft3. Suppose that a pulse change in q1 occurs as shown below.

a. What is the transfer function relating H and Q1?


b. What is the value of h(5)?
c. What is the new steady-state value of the liquid level?
8. The dynamic behavior of the liquid level in each leg of a manometer tube, responding to a change
in pressure is given by:

Where h’(t) is the level of fluid measured with respect to the initial steady-state value, p’(t) is the
pressure change, and R, L, q, ρ, and μ are constants.
a. For what values of the physical constants does the manometer response oscillate?
b. Would changing the density make its response more or less oscillatory?
9. Determine the transfer function Y(s)/X(s) for the block diagram shown below:

10. Consider the given block diagram below. Determine the values of Kc that will make the system
stable.

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