MathCity.org Exercise 2.

1 (Solutions)
Mathematics (Science Group): 10 th
Merging man and maths Written by Amir Shehzad, Version: 1.0

Solve the following simultaneous equations. Q.2 3 x − 2 y = 1

Q.1 x + y = 5 x 2 + xy − y 2 = 1
x 2 − 2 y − 14 = 0 Solution: 3 x − 2 y = 1 …..(i)

Solution: x + y = 5 …..(i) x 2 + xy − y 2 = 1 …..(ii)

x 2 − 2 y − 14 = 0 …..(ii) From eq. (i)

From eq. (i) 3x = 1 + 2 y

x+ y =5 1+ 2 y
x= …..(iii)
x = 5− y 3
Put it in eq. (ii)
Put it in eq. (ii)
 1+ 2 y   1+ 2 y 
2

(5 − y ) − 2 y − 14 = 0
2
 +  y − y =1
2

 3   3 
25 + y 2 − 10 y − 2 y − 14 = 0
1+ 4 y2 + 4 y y + 2 y2
y 2 − 12 y + 11 = 0 + − y2 = 1
9 3
y 2 − 11 y − y + 11 = 0
Multiplying by ‘9’ on both sides
y ( y − 11) − 1( y − 11) = 0
( y − 1)( y − 11) = 0 9 (1 + 4 y 2 + 4 y ) 9 ( y + 2 y2 )
+ − 9 ( y 2 ) = 1 9
y − 1 = 0 or y − 11 = 0 9 3
y =1 or y = 11 1+ 4 y + 4 y + 3y + 6 y − 9 y2 = 9
2 2

y2 + 7 y − 8 = 0
Putting the values of y in eq. (i)
y2 + 8 y − y − 8 = 0
y =1 y = 11 y ( y + 8 ) − 1( y + 8 ) = 0
x+ y =5 x+ y =5
( y + 8)( y − 1) = 0
x +1 = 5 x + 11 = 5
y + 8 = 0 or y −1 = 0
x = 5 −1 x = 5 − 11
y = −8 or y =1
x=4 x = −6
Putting these values in eq. (iii)
Solution set is ( −6,11) , ( 4,1) y = −8 y =1

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 1

y = −8 y =1 −7
y = −5 y=
1+ 2 y 1+ 2 y 2
x= x=
3 3 x =7+ y x = 7+ y
1 + 2 ( −8 ) 1 + 2 (1)  −7 
x= x= x = 7 + ( −5 ) x = 7+ 
3 3  2 
1 − 16 1+ 2 7
x= x= x = 7−5 x =7−
3 3 2
−15 3 14 − 7
x= = −5 x= = 1 x=2 x=
3 3 2
Solution set is ( −5, −8) , (1,1) x=2 x=
7
2
Q.3 x − y = 7
  7 −7  
Solution set is ( 2, −5 )  , 
2 5   2 2 
− =2
x y
Q.4 x + y = a − b
Solution: x − y = 7 …..(i)
a b
2 5 − =2
− =2 …..(ii) x y
x y
Solution: x + y = a − b …..(i)
Multiply eq. (ii) by “xy”
a b
2 y − 5 x = 2 xy …..(iii) − =2 …..(ii)
x y
From eq. (i)
Multiplying eq. (ii) by “xy”
x =7+ y
ay − bx = 2 xy …..(iii)
Put it in eq. (iii)
From equation (i)
2 y − 5(7 + y ) = 2 (7 + y ) y x = a − b − y.........(iii)
2 y − 35 − 5 y = 14 y + 2 y 2
Put it in equation (ii)
y 2 + 17 y + 35 = 0
ay − bx = 2 xy
2 y 2 + 10 y + 7 y + 35 = 0
2 y ( y + 5) + 7 ( y + 5) = 0 ay − b(a − b − y ) = 2(a − b − y ) y
( y + 5)( 2 y + 7 ) = 0 ay − ba + b 2 + by = 2a − 2by − 2 y 2
y + 5 = 0 or 2 y + 7 = 0 2 y 2 + 2ay + ay + 2by + by + b 2 − ab = 0
y = −5 or 2 y = −7 2 y 2 − ay + 3by + b 2 − ab = 0
−7 2 y 2 − y (a − 3b) + (b 2 − ab) = 0
y = −5 or y=
2
By using quadratic formula
Now putting values of y in eq. (i)

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 2

a = 2, b = −(a − 3b) , c = (b 2 − ab) Solution: x 2 + ( y − 1) = 10
2
…..(i)
−b  b 2 − 4ac
y= x2 + y 2 + 4 x = 1 …..(ii)
2a
Subtracting eq. (ii) from (i)
−  − ( a − 3b )    − ( a − 3b )  − 4 ( 2 ) ( b 2 − ab )
2

y=
2 ( 2) x2 + y 2 + 1 − 2 y = 10

( a − 3b )  a 2 + 9b 2 − 6ab − 8b 2 + 8ab  x2  y 2  4x = 1
y=
4 1− 2 y − 4x = 9
y=
( a − 3b )  a + b + 2ab
2 2
− 4x − 2 y = 9 −1
4 − 4x − 2 y = 8
( a − 3b )  (a + b)
2

y= − 2 (2x + y ) = 8
4
8
y=
( a − 3b )  ( a + b ) 2x + y =
4 −2
a − 3b − a − b a − 3b + a + b 2 x + y = −4
y= or y=
4 4
−4b 2a − 2b y = −4 − 2 x …..(iii)
y= or y=
4 4 Put in eq. (ii)
2 (a − b)
y = −b or y=
x 2 + ( −4 − 2 x ) + 4 x = 1
2
4
a −b
y = −b y=
x 2 +  − ( 4 + 2 x )  + 4 x = 1
or 2
2

Putting the values of y in eq. (iii) x 2 + 16 + 4 x 2 + 16 x  + 4 x = 1

a −b 5 x 2 + 20 x + 16 − 1 = 0
y = −b y=
2 5 x 2 + 20 x + 15 = 0
x = a −b− y x = a −b− y 5 ( x 2 + 4 x + 3) = 0
 a −b 
x = a − b − ( −b ) x = a −b−  x2 + 4 x + 3 = 0 ( 5  0)
 2 
2a − 2b − a + b x 2 + 3x + x + 3 = 0
x = a −b+b x=
2 x ( x + 3) + 1( x + 3) = 0

x=a x=
a −b ( x + 3)( x + 1) = 0
2 x + 3 = 0 or x + 1 = 0
x = −3 or x = −1
  a − b a − b 
Solution set is ( a, −b ) ,  , 
  2 2  Putting the values of x in eq. (iii)

x = −3 x = −1
Q.5 x 2 + ( y − 1) = 10
2

y = −4 − 2 x y = −4 − 2 x
x2 + y 2 + 4 x = 1
y = −4 − 2 ( −3) y = −4 − 2 ( −1)

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 3

y = −4 + 6 y = −4 + 2 ( y − 1)
2
+ y 2 + 4 ( y − 1) = 1
y=2 y = −2 y2 +1− 2 y + y2 + 4 y − 4 = 1
2 y2 + 2 y − 4 +1 −1 = 0
Solution set is ( −3, 2) , ( −1, −2)
2 y2 + 2 y − 4 = 0
( x + 1) + ( y + 1) =5 2 ( y2 + y − 2) = 0
2 2
Q.6

y2 + y − 2 = 0 ( 2  0)
( x + 2) + y2 = 5
2

y2 + y − 2 = 0
( x + 1) + ( y + 1) =5 y2 + 2 y − y − 2 = 0
2 2
Solution: …..(i)
y ( y + 2 ) − 1( y + 2 ) = 0
( x + 2) + y2 = 5
2
…..(ii)
( y + 2 )( y − 1) = 0
From eq. (i) y + 2 = 0 or y −1 = 0
y = −2 or y =1
x2 + 1 + 2x + y 2 + 1 + 2 y = 5
x2 + y 2 + 2x + 2 y + 2 = 5 Putting the values of y in eq. (v)

x2 + y 2 + 2x + 2 y = 5 − 2 y = −2 y =1
x = y −1 x = y −1
x2 + y 2 + 2x + 2 y = 3 …..(iii) x = −2 − 1 x = 1 −1
From eq. (ii) x = −3 x=0

( x + 2)
2
+ y2 = 5 Solution set is ( −3, −2) , ( 0,1)
x2 + 4 + 4x + y 2 = 5
Q.7 x 2 + 2 y 2 = 22
x + y + 4x = 5 − 4
2 2

5 x 2 + y 2 = 29
x + y + 4x = 1
2 2
…..(iv)
Solution: x 2 + 2 y 2 = 22 .....(i)
Subtracting eq. (iv) from (iii)

x2 + y 2 + 2x + 2 y = 3 5 x 2 + y 2 = 29 .....(ii)

 x2  y 2  4x = 1 Multiplying eq. (ii) by ‘2’

− 2x + 2 y = 2 10 x 2 + 2 y 2 = 58 .....(iii)
− 2( x − y) = 2
Subtracting eq. (i) from eq. (iii)
2
x− y =
−2 10 x 2 + 2 y 2 = 58
x − y = −1  x 2 + 2 y 2 = 22
x = y −1 …..(v) 9 x2 = 36

Put it in eq. (iv)

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 4

 36 76
x2 = x2 =
9 19
x =4
2
x =4
2

Taking square root on both sides Taking square root on both sides

x2 = 4 x2 = 4
x = 2 x = 2
 x = −2 or x = 2  x = −2 or x = 2

Putting the values of x in eq. (i) Putting the values of x in eq. (ii)

x = −2 x=2 x = −2 x=2
x 2 + 2 y 2 = 22 x 2 + 2 y 2 = 22 3 x 2 + y 2 = 14 3 x 2 + y 2 = 14
( −2 ) ( 2) 3 ( −2 ) + y 2 = 14 3 ( 2 ) + y 2 = 14
2 2
+ 2 y 2 = 22 + 2 y 2 = 22
2 2

4 + 2 y 2 = 22 4 + 2 y 2 = 22 3 ( 4 ) + y 2 = 14 3 ( 4 ) + y 2 = 14
12 + y 2 = 14 12 + y 2 = 14
2 y = 18
2
2 y = 18
2

y 2 = 14 − 12 y 2 = 14 − 12
18 18
y2 = y2 = y2 = 2 y2 = 2
2 2
y =9
2
y =9
2
y= 2 y= 2
y = 3 y = 3
Solution set is ( 2,  2 )
Solution set is ( 2, 3)
Q.9 7 x 2 − 3 y 2 = 4
Q.8 4 x − 5 y = 6
2 2

2 x2 + 5 y 2 = 7
3x 2 + y 2 = 14
Solution: 7 x 2 − 3 y 2 = 4 .....(i)
Solution: 4 x − 5 y = 6
2 2
.....(i)
2 x2 + 5 y 2 = 7 .....(ii)
3x + y = 14
2 2
.....(ii)
Multiply eq. (i) by 5
Multiplying eq. (ii) by ‘5’
35 x 2 − 15 y 2 = 20 .....(iii)
15 x 2 + 5 y 2 = 70 .....(iii)
Adding equation (ii) and (iii)
Adding equation (i) and (iii)
35 x 2 − 15 y 2 = 20
4x2 − 5 y 2 = 6 6 x 2 + 15 y 2 = 21
15 x 2 + 5 y 2 = 70
41x 2 = 41
19 x 2
= 76

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 5

 41 x + 5y = 0 x− y =0
x2 =
41 x = −5 y .....(iii) x = y .....(iv)

x2 = 1 Putting value of x in eq. (i)

x= 1 x = −5 y x= y
x = 1 ( −5 y ) + 2 y2 = 3 ( y) + 2 y2 = 3
2 2

x =1 or x = −1 25 y 2 + 2 y 2 = 3 y2 + 2 y2 = 3
Putting the values of x in eq. (i) 27 y 2 = 3 3 y2 = 3
3 3
x =1 x = −1 y2 = y2 =
27 3
7 x2 − 3 y 2 = 4 7 x2 − 3 y 2 = 4
1
y2 = y2 = 1
7 (1) − 3 y 2 = 4 7 ( −1) − 3 y 2 = 4
2 2
9
7 (1) − 3 y 2 = 4 7 (1) − 3 y 2 = 4 1
y= y = 1
7 − 3y = 4 2
7 − 3y = 4
2 9
1
−3 y = 4 − 7
2
− 3y2 = 4 − 7 y= y = 1 or y = −1
3
−3 y 2 = − 3 − 3 y 2 = −3 1 −1
−3 −3 y= or y =
y =
2
y =
2 3 3
−3 −3
y =1 y =1 1
Putting values of y = 
2 2
in eq. (iii)
3
y= 1 y= 1
1 −1
y = 1 y = 1 y= y=
3 3
Solution set is ( 1, 1) x = −5 y x = −5 y
1  −1 
x = −5   x = −5  
Q.10 x + 2 y = 3
2 2
3  3 
−5 5
x 2 + 4 xy − 5 y 2 = 0 x= x=
3 3
Solution: x 2 + 2 y 2 = 3 .....(i)
Now putting values of y = 1 in eq. (iv)
x 2 + 4 xy − 5 y 2 = 0 .....(ii)
y =1 y = −1
Factorizing eq. (ii) x= y x= y

x 2 + 4 xy − 5 y 2 = 0 x =1 x = −1
x 2 + 5 xy − xy − 5 y 2 = 0 Solution set is
x ( x + 5y) − y ( x + 5y) = 0   5 −1   −5 1  
( −1, −1) , (1,1) ,  ,  ,  ,  
( x + 5 y )( x − y ) = 0   3 3   3 3 

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 6

Q.11 3x 2 − y 2 = 26 Putting the value of x in eq. (iv) from eq. (i)

 −4 y 
2
3x 2 − 5 xy − 12 y 2 = 0
 − y = 26
2
3
 3 
Solution: 3x 2 − y 2 = 26 .....(i) 16 y 2
3 − y 2 = 26
3x 2 − 5 xy − 12 y 2 = 0 .....(ii) 9
48 y − 9 y 2
2

Factorizing equation (ii) = 26

9
3x 2 − 5 xy − 12 y 2 = 0 39 y 2 = 26  9
3x 2 − 9 xy + 4 xy − 12 y 2 = 0 234
y2 =
39
3x ( x − 3 y ) + 4 y ( x − 3 y ) = 0 y =6
2

( x − 3 y )( 3x + 4 y ) = 0 y= 6

x − 3y = 0 3x + 4 y = 0 y= 6 or y=− 6
x = 0 + 3y 3x = −4 y Putting the value of y in eq. (iv)
−4 y
x = 3y .....(iii) x= .....(iv) y= 6 y=− 6
3
−4 y −4 y
Putting value of x in eq. (i) from eq. (iii) x= x=
3 3

3 ( 3 y ) − y 2 = 26
2
x=
−4 6
x=
(
−4 − 6 )
3 3
3 ( 9 y ) − y 2 = 26
2

 −4 6  4 6
27 y 2 − y 2 = 26 ( x, y ) =  , 6  x=
 3  3
26 y 2 = 26
 −4 6  4 6 
y =
2 26 ( x, y ) =  , 6  ( x, y ) =  , − 6 
26  3   3 
y =1
2
Solution set is
y = 1 
  −4 6  4 6 
y =1 or y = −1 ( 3,1) , ( −3, −1) ,  , 6  ,  , − 6  

  3   3 
Putting the value of y in eq. (iii)

y =1 y = −1 Q.12 x 2 + xy = 5
x = 3y x = 3y
x = 3 (1) x = 3 ( −1) y 2 + xy = 3

x=3 x = −3 Solution: x 2 + xy = 5 .....(i)

( x, y ) = ( 3,1) ( x, y ) = ( −3, −1)
y 2 + xy = 3 .....(ii)

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 7

Multiply eq. (i) by ‘3’ and eq. (ii) by ‘5’ 45 9
y2 =  y2 =
40 8
3x 2 + 3xy = 15 .....(iii)
9 32
y= y=
5 y 2 + 5 xy = 15 .....(iv) 8 4 2
3
Subtracting eq. (iv) from eq. (iii) y=
2 2
3 x + 3 xy
2
= 15 3 −3
y= or y=
 5 xy  5 y = −15
2
2 2 2 2
3 x 2 − 2 xy − 5 y 2 = 0 Now putting the value of y in eq. (v)

3 x 2 − 5 xy + 3 xy − 5 y 2 = 0 x=
5y
x=
5y
x ( 3x − 5 y ) + y ( 3x − 5 y ) = 0 3 3
3 −3
( 3x − 5 y )( x + y ) = 0 y=
2 2
y=
2 2
3x − 5 y = 0 x+ y =0
5 3 5  −3 
3x = 5 y x = −y x=  x = 
.....(vi) 3 2 2 3  2 2 
5y −5
x= .....(v) x=
5
x=
3
2 2 2 2
From eq. (vi) put y=-x in eq. (i)  5 3   −5 −3 
x= ,  x= , 
x 2 + xy = 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

(− y) + (− y) y = 5
2
Solution set is
y − y =5
2 2
 5 3   −5 −3  
 , , , 
05 impossible  2 2 2 2   2 2 2 2  
5y Q.13 x 2 − 2 xy = 7
Now from eq. (v) put x = in eq. (i)
3
2
xy + 3 y 2 = 2
 5y  5y
x =  + y=5 Solution: x 2 − 2 xy = 7
 3  3 .....(i)
25 y 2 5 y 2
+ =5 xy + 3 y 2 = 2 .....(ii)
9 3
Multiplying eq. (i) by 2 and eq. (ii) by 7
Multiplying both sides by 9
2 x 2 − 4 xy = 14 .....(iii)
25 y 2 5 y2
9 + 9 = 95
9 3 7 xy + 21y 2 = 14 .....(iv)
25 y 2 + 15 y 2 = 45
Subtract eq. (iv) from eq. (iii)
40 y 2 = 45

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 8

 2 x 2 − 4 xy = 14 9 2
y + 3y2 = 7
 7 xy  21 y2 =− 14 4

2 x 2 − 11xy − 21 y 2 = 0 9 y 2 + 12 y 2 = 28
21 y 2 = 28
2 x 2 − 14 xy + 3 xy − 21 y 2 = 0
28 4
2x ( x − 7 y ) + 3y ( x − 7 y ) = 0 y2 = y2 =
21 3
( x − 7 y )( 2 x + 3 y ) = 0 4 2
x −7y = 0 2x + 3y = 0 y2 = y=
3 3
x = 7y 2 x = −3 y 2 2
y= y=−
−3 y 3 3
x = 7 y ...(v) x= ...(vi)
2
Putting values of y in eq. (vi)
Put x=7y in eq. (i)
2 2
y= y=−
(7 y ) − 2 (7 y ) y = 7
2
3 3
49 y 2 − 14 y 2 = 7 −3  2  −3  −2 
x= x=
7 2  3  2  3 
35 y 2 = 7  y2 =
35 x=− 3 x= 3
1 1
y2 =  y=  2   −2 
5 5 ( x, y ) =  − 3,  ( x, y ) =  3, 
 3  3
1 1
y= y=−
5 5 Solution set is
Putting values of y in eq. (v)  7 1   −7 −1   2   −2  
 , , ,  ,  − 3,  ,  3, 
x = 7y x = 7y  5 5   5 5   3  3 
1 1
y= y=−
5 5
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 1   1 
x = 7  x = 7− 
 5  5 http://www.mathcity.org
7 −7 these notes are written by Amir shehzad
x= x= http://www.mathcity.org/people/amir
5 5
 7 1   −7 −1 
( x, y ) =  ,  ( x, y ) =  , 
 5 5  5 5
From eq. (vi) put value of x in eq. (i)

 −3   −3 
2

 y  − 2 y y = 7
 2   2 

Written by Amir shehzad 0343-4443214 9