MAY/JUNE 2015

MORUGA SECONDARY SCHOOL

ADVANCED PROFICIENCY MOCK EXAMINATION

CHEMISTRY

UNIT2 - Paper 02

2 hours 30 minutes

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

2. For Section A, write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. For Section B, write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of each question in this
booklet.

4. ALL working MUST be shown.

5. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions.

6. A data booklet is provided.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

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 SECTION A Answer ALL questions in this section

Write you answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

MODULE 1

THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

1 (a) Figure 1 showstwo reactions of Compound X. a vegetable oil.

Figure 1. Reaction of Compound X

(i) Draw the products formed at P.

[2 marks]

(ii) Draw the products formed at Q.

[ 2 marks]

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 (iii) Identify the process which leads to the formation of the products at

a) P___________________________________________________________
b) Q___________________________________________________________

[2 marks]
(iv) State a use of the non-alcoholic product formed at

a) P ________________________________________________________
b) Q ________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

(b) (i) A student was asked to identify the organic compound, Z. Table 1 shows the student’s incomplete
record of tests conducted on Z. Complete the student’s record by writing the correct observation or
inference in the appropriate space.

TABLE 1: RECORD OF TESTS ON COMPOUND Z

Test Observation Inference

To 1.0 cm3 Z in a test tube add a) Z is a carbonyl compound.

To 1.0 cm3 of Z in a test tube 4

add acidified KMnO4 and heat.

To 1.0 cm3 of Z in a test tube A silver mirror appears. c)

To 1.0 cm3 of Z in a test tube No reaction d)

[14 marks]

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 (ii) Draw the LIKELY structure for Compound Z.

[1 mark]

(c) The reaction between carbonyl compounds and HCN occurs via nucleophilic addition.

Outline the mechanism for the reaction, using curved arrows to show the movement of electrons.

[2 marks]

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 MODULE 2

ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

2. (a) State TWO characteristics of a molecule which make suitable for analysis by infrared spectroscopy
(IR).

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[2 marks]
(b) Give TWO examples of the use of IR spectroscopy.

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[2 marks]

(c) The IR spectra in Figures 2, 3 and 4 belong to the compounds 2-propanol (CH2CH(OH)CH3), butanoic acid
(CH3CH2CH2COOH) and acetone CH3COCH3). Identify EACH of the compounds A, B and C in Figures 2, 3
and 4 respectively from the IR spectra provided. Justify your choice by indicating which band on the spectra
was used to verify the identity of the compounds-and indicate the functional group responsible for the band
in EACH case.
(i)

Figure 2. Compound A

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 a) Identity of Compound A _________________________________________________

b) Band used for identification and functional group

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[2 marks]

(ii)

Figure 3. Compound B
a) Identity of Compound B _________________________________________________

b) Band used for identification and functional group

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[2 marks]

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 (iii)

Figure 4. Compound C

a) Identity of Compound C _________________________________________________

b) Band used for identification and functional group

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[2 marks]

(d) A student is asked to prepare a solid sample for analysis using IR spectroscopy.

(i) Describe FOUR steps to be taken by the student in preparing the sample and analysing it.

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[4 marks]

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 (ii) Why are the plates used for IR spectroscopy made from NaCl?

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[1 mark]

Total 15 marks

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 MODULE 3

INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

3. (a) A stream which flows through an agricultural community is also used for domestic washing.
Samples taken from a site downstream after a heavy rainfall were found to contain a number of pollutants.

(i) State the process that may have resulted in pollutants being present in the stream.

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[1 mark]

(ii) Identify TWO sources of the pollutants (other than fertilizers) that are MOST likely to be present in
the stream.

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[2 marks]

(b) Analysis of the samples revealed excessive quantities of nitrates and phosphates. Describe how the presence
of these pollutants can be identified in a laboratory.

(i) Nitrates

Reagents:

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Observations:

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[2 marks]
(ii) Phosphates

Reagents:

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Observations:

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[2 marks]

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 (c) (i) State TWO ways by which oxygen enters waterways.

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[2 marks]

(ii) Dissolved oxygen is essential for maintaining good water quality and the preservation of aquatic life.

Explain why the process of eutrophication leads to poor water quality.

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[2 marks]

(iii) Explain why dissolved oxygen must be removed from water before it is used in industrial processes.

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[2 marks]

(d) State TWO steps involved in the treatment of water in order to make it potable.

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[2 marks]

Total 15 marks

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 SECTION B

Answer ALL questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of each question.

MODULE1

THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

4. (a) Table 2 shows some reactions of phenol. Identify the reagents and structures needed to
complete the table correctly. (Write your answers in the space provided on page 13.)

TABLE 2: REACTIONS OF PHENOL

Phenol Reagents Structure of Organic Product Formed

(i)

(ii)

Br2(aq)

(iii)

[3 marks]

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 (b) Figure 5 shows the formation of 3-bromoaniline from benzene in three steps labelled I, II and III.

Figure 5. Formation of 3-bromoani!ine from benzene

(i) State the reagents and conditions to be used in EACH of the reactions at Steps I, II and III.
[3 marks]

(ii) Outline the reaction mechanism for the reaction in Step !, using curved arrows to show the movement
of electrons. [3 marks]

(iii) State the reaction mechanism outlined in (b) (ii) above. [1 mark]

(iv) For Step II, explain why the bromo substituent occupies its position on the molecule. [1 mark]

(c) Benzene, nitrobenzene and methylbenzene will react with chlorine, in the presence of a catalyst, to form
aromatic substituted compounds. The three reactions take place at different rates.

(i) Arrange the reagents benzene, nitrobenzene and methylbenzene in order of INCREASING ease of
reactivity with chlorine. [1 mark]

(ii) For EACH reaction, draw the MAJOR mono-substituted aromatic product that is formed. [3 marks]

Total 15 marks

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Write the answer to Question 4 here.

(a) (i) Reagent: ____________________________________________________________________________

(ii) Structure:

(iii) Reagent ____________________________________________________________________________

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MODULE 2

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 ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES
5. (a) Define the term 'partition coefficient’. [2 marks]

(b) When butanedioic acid was shaken with a mixture of water and ether, 10 cm3 of water was found to contain
0.854 g of the acid while a similar volume of ether contained 0.159 g.

In a separate experiment, 10 cm3 of water and 20 cm3 of ether were shaken together with 1 g of the acid.

Calculate the mass of the acid found in the aqueous layer. [4 marks]

(c) Suggest an appropriate method for separating the components of EACH of the following:

(i) Eucalyptus oil from an aqueous suspension of its leaves

(ii) Penicillin (organic solid) from an aqueous solution

(iii) Components of a coal tar residue

(iv) Ethoxyethane from an impure source [4 marks]

(d)

Figure 6. Boiling point - composition curve for ideal mixture of liquids

Use the boiling point-composition curve in Figure 6 to explain the principles of fraction distillation, starting with a
liquid of composition x. [5 mark]

Total 15 marks

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Write the answer to Question 5 here.

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 MODULE 3

INDUSTRY AND ENVIRONMENT

6. (a) Describe the process of extracting aluminium oxide from its ore. Include TWO relevant equations in
your answer. [7 marks]

(b) (i) Name a pollutant formed as a by-product of the process in (a).

(ii) Describe TWO environmental consequences resulting from the named pollutant in (b) (i). [3 marks]

(c) Aluminium is extracted by electrolysis of its oxide.

(i) Write equations to show the reactions occurring at the electrodes. [2 marks]

(ii) a) Outline ONE reason for the high cost associated with this method of extraction.

b) Suggest TWO reasons why the recycling of aluminium is important.

Total 15 marks

Write the answer to Question 6 here.

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