Sample Calulation Beam

Sample Calulation (Beam 1)
MATERIAL AND DESIGN DATA

Code of
fcu (N/mm²) Ec, (N/mm²) fy (N/mm²) fyv (N/mm²) γc γs
Practice
24597
BS8110 :
30 (User 460 460 1.5 1.05
1997
Defined)
Conc. Unit Weight Steel Unit Weight

Cover (mm) Side Cover (mm)
(kN/m³) (kg/m³)
25 25 24 7860
Beam Design Detail Report
DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM gb1(200x500)
GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA

Reinforcement Design Parameter : Floor
Beam Located along grid 2/B-B1
Number of Span within beam = 1
Number of Section defined by user = 1
Number of Supports = 2
Beam Cantilever End = Nil.
Section Dimension Data

Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1 3750 200 500 500
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 ×
(1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²
BEAM gb1(200x500) SPAN NO. 1
FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION
LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

Design Bending Moment = 59.8 kNm Width, b = 200.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 459.0
mm
Mu / bd² = 59.8 × 1000000 / (200.0 × 459.0²) = 1.419 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.419 <= 4.691
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam
Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 56.917 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 200 × 56.917 / 1000 = 137.97
kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 137.97 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 315
mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 137.97 × (459.0 - 0.4518 × 56.917) / 1000 =
59.8 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 500.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 200.0 × 500.0 = 130 mm²
Top Compression Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 315 mm²
LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

mm
Mu / bd² = 55.5 × 1000000 / (200.0 × 459.0²) = 1.317 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 1.317 <= 4.691
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 52.609 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 200 × 52.609 / 1000 = 127.53
kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 127.53 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 292
mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 127.53 × (459.0 - 0.4518 × 52.609) / 1000 =
55.5 kNm
Top Compression Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 292 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required along span (Axial Load), Ast = Ft / (fyy × fy) = 1.0 ×
10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Top Reinforcement, AstTop = Ast / 4 = 1 mm²
Additional Tension Steel Required by Bottom Reinforcement, AstBot = Ast = 2 mm²
Final Top Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 130 + 1 = 131 mm²
Final Bottom Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 291 + 2 = 294 mm²
Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 3T12 (339 mm²)
LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (200.0 × 459.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 130 mm²
LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (200.0 × 459.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²
Final Top Tension Steel Area Required (3D) = 130 + 1 = 131 mm²
Final Bottom Compression Steel Area Required (3D) = 130 + 2 = 133 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (200.0 × 459.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (200.0 × 459.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (200.0 × 459.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

mm
Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (200.0 × 459.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN

Tension Force (Max) From 3D Analysis, P3D = 1.0 kN
10³ / (0.9524 × 460) = 2 mm²
* Steel area required by tensile force applied to top and bottom reinforcement only
SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION
LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT

(B:0 mm E:938 mm from left grid of span)
Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm

Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 58.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 200 - 2 × 25 - 10 = 140 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 500 - 2 × 25 - 10 = 440 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 140 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 440 mm
Section Dimension: Dmin = 200.0 mm, Dmax = 500.0 mm

Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.01 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 459.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 58.7 × 1000 / (200.0 × 459.0) = 0.64 N/mm²
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.64 + 0.01 = 0.65 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass
Part 2: Clause 2.4.5

Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 440.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 440.0 / 550 = 3.51 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 3.51 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.01 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is
needed
Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 54.7 kN

Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause
3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 54.7 × 1000 / (200.0 × 459.0) = 0.60 N/mm² ≤ νMax
(4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass
Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²

- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.25 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 459.0 = 0.871
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.966 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 =
1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.25}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.42 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6a
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 54746 × 500.0 / 7961314 = 3.44 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as
1.00
Design Shear Capacity, νc1' = νc + 0.60 × (N / Ac) × VhM = 0.421 + 0.60 × (-974.4 /
100000.0) × 1.00 = 0.415 N/mm²
Clause 3.4.5.12: eqn. 6b
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' = νc × √[1 + N / (Ac × νc)] = 0.421 × √[1 + -974.4 / (100000.0
× 0.42)] = 0.416 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²

νss = 0.596 < νc' + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 200) / (0.95 ×
460) = 0.183 mm²/mm
Shear Reinforcement Provided : T10-250 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)

Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.628 mm²/mm > 0.183 mm²/mm
LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE





νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 440.0 / 550 = 3.51 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 3.51 N/mm²

needed

3.4.5.2
(4.38 N/mm²)

(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.966 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
1.200
= 0.79 × {0.37}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.48 N/mm²
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 30939 × 500.0 / 46391865 = 0.33
100000.0) × 0.33 = 0.480 N/mm²
× 0.48)] = 0.477 N/mm²
Select νc2' as νc' for design

460) = 0.183 mm²/mm

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT





νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 440.0 / 550 = 3.51 N/mm²
νst = 0.01 N/mm² ≤ 3.51 N/mm²

needed

3.4.5.2
(4.38 N/mm²)

(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.966 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
1.200
= 0.79 × {0.25}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.42 N/mm²
VhM Ratio = V × h / M = 52024 × 500.0 / 5685362 = 4.58 > 1.00, VhM Ratio taken as
1.00
100000.0) × 1.00 = 0.415 N/mm²
× 0.42)] = 0.416 N/mm²
Design Shear Capacity, νc2' > νc1' --> Use νc1' for design

460) = 0.183 mm²/mm

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN

Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 20.0
Span Length, l = 3750.0 mm, Effective Depth, d = 459.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 8.2
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 59.8 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 315 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 339 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²
- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997

- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement
Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8

fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 315) / (3 × 339)} × (1 / 1.00) = 284.6 N/mm²
Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7

MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 284.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (59.8 × 1000000 / (200 × 459.0²)))}
= 1.24 <= 2.0
New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9

MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (200.0 × 459.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (200.0 × 459.0)))}
= 1.08 <= 1.5
New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (20.0 × 1.24 × 1.08) / 8.2 = 3.27
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED

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Sample Calulation (Beam 1)

MATERIAL AND DESIGN DATA

Conc. Unit Weight Steel Unit Weight

Beam Design Detail Report

DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM gb1(200x500)

GENERAL AND DIMENSION DATA

Section Dimension Data

BEAM gb1(200x500) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION

LOCATION : SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

LOCATION : SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (2-D PLAN ANALYSIS RESULT)

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN (3-D ANALYSIS RESULT)

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 130 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

TENSILE FORCE WITHIN SPAN

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION

LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 200.0 mm, Dmax = 500.0 mm

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 54.7 kN

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²

Shear Reinforcement Provided : T10-250 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 200.0 mm, Dmax = 500.0 mm

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 30.9 kN

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 339 mm²

Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²

Shear Reinforcement Provided : T10-250 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.1 kNm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 200.0 mm, Dmax = 500.0 mm

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 52.0 kN