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    0 - Math 252

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    Dembosaaye Ziemah
    This document contains the solutions to 4 differential equation problems: 1) The solution is expressed as a partial fraction decomposition involving e^t and t terms. 2) The solution is another partial fraction decomposition, this time with e^-2t and t terms. 3) The solution involves trigonometric terms (sin and cos) and an exponential term with e^-3t. 4) The problem is transformed by a change of variables before taking the Laplace transform. The final solution involves quadratic, trigonometric and exponential terms.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    0 - Math 252

    Uploaded by

    Dembosaaye Ziemah
    81 views7 pages
    This document contains the solutions to 4 differential equation problems: 1) The solution is expressed as a partial fraction decomposition involving e^t and t terms. 2) The solution is another partial fraction decomposition, this time with e^-2t and t terms. 3) The solution involves trigonometric terms (sin and cos) and an exponential term with e^-3t. 4) The problem is transformed by a change of variables before taking the Laplace transform. The final solution involves quadratic, trigonometric and exponential terms.

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    0_MATH 252

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    This document contains the solutions to 4 differential equation problems: 1) The solution is expressed as a partial fraction decomposition involving e^t and t terms. 2) The solution is another partial fraction decomposition, this time with e^-2t and t terms. 3) The solution involves trigonometric terms (sin and cos) and an exponential term with e^-3t. 4) The problem is transformed by a change of variables before taking the Laplace transform. The final solution involves quadratic, trigonometric and exponential terms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    81 views7 pages

    0 - Math 252

    Uploaded by

    Dembosaaye Ziemah
    This document contains the solutions to 4 differential equation problems: 1) The solution is expressed as a partial fraction decomposition involving e^t and t terms. 2) The solution is another partial fraction decomposition, this time with e^-2t and t terms. 3) The solution involves trigonometric terms (sin and cos) and an exponential term with e^-3t. 4) The problem is transformed by a change of variables before taking the Laplace transform. The final solution involves quadratic, trigonometric and exponential terms.

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    NAME: DEMBOSAAYE ZIEMAH

    INDEX NO.: 9275217


    DEPT: GEOMATIC ENG
    5TH DECEMBER 2018
    MATH 252

    1. 𝑦 ′′ − 10𝑦 ′ + 9𝑦 = 5𝑡 𝑦(0) = −1 𝑦 ′ (0) = 2


    Solution
    £{y ′′ } − 10£{y ′ } + 9£{y} = £{5t}
    5
    (𝑠 2 − 10𝑠 + 9)𝑌(𝑠) + 𝑠 − 12 =
    𝑠2
    5
    S²Y(s) -sy(0)- y’(0) -10(sY(s)-y(0))+9Y(s) =
    𝑠2
    Y(s) = 5 12−𝑠
    +
    𝑠2 (𝑠−9)(𝑠−1) (𝑠−9)(𝑠−1)
    Y(s) = 5+12𝑠2 +𝑠3
    𝑠2 (𝑠−9)(𝑠−1)
    the partial fraction decomposition for this transform is
    𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷
    𝑌(𝑠) = + 2+ +
    𝑠 𝑠 𝑠−9 𝑠−1

    setting numerators equal gives,


    5 + 12𝑠 2 + 𝑠 3
    = 𝐴𝑠(𝑠 − 9)(𝑠 − 1) + 𝐵(𝑠 − 9)(𝑠 − 1) + 𝑐𝑠 2 (𝑠 − 1)
    + 𝐷𝑠 2 (𝑠 − 9)

    solving the equation gives


    5
    s =0 5 = 9B →𝐵=
    9
    s =1 16 = −8D → 𝐷 = −2
    31
    s =9 248 = 648C →𝐶=
    81
    4345 50
    s =2 45 = −14A + →𝐴=
    81 81
    putting in the constants gives
    50 5 31
    −2
    𝑌(𝑠) = 81 + 92 + 81 +
    𝑠 𝑠 𝑠−9 𝑠−1
    50 5 31 9𝑡
    𝑦(𝑡) = + 𝑡+ 𝑒 − 2𝑒 𝑡
    81 9 81

    2. 2𝑦 ′′ + 3𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 = 𝑡𝑒 −2𝑡 , 𝑦(0) = 0 𝑦 ′ (0) = −2


    solution
    1
    2(𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑠𝑦(0) − 𝑦 ′ (0)) + 3(𝑠𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑦(0)) − 2𝑌(𝑠)=
    (𝑠+2)2
    1
    (2𝑠 2 − 3𝑠 − 2)𝑌(𝑠) + 4 =
    (𝑠+2)2
    Y(s) = 1 4
    (2𝑠−1)(𝑠+2) 3 + (2𝑠−1)(𝑠+2)
    2
    Y(s) = 1−4(𝑠+2)
    (2𝑠−1)(𝑠+2)3
    2
    = −4𝑠 −16𝑠−15
    (2𝑠−1)(𝑠+2)3

    partial fraction decomposition


    𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷
    𝑌 (𝑠 ) = + + +
    2𝑠 − 1 𝑠 + 2 (𝑠 + 2)2 𝑠 + 2)3
    −4𝑠 2 − 16𝑠 − 15
    = 𝐴(𝑠 + 2)3 + 𝐵(2𝑠 − 1)(𝑠 + 2)2 + 𝑐(2𝑠 − 1)
    + 𝐷(2𝑠 − 1)
    (𝐴 + 2𝐵)𝑠 3 + (6𝐴 + 7𝐵 + 2𝐶 )𝑠 2 + (12𝐴 + 4𝐵 + 3𝐶 + 2𝐷)𝑠 + 8𝐴
    − 4𝐵 − 2𝐶 − 𝐷
    𝑠 3 : 𝐴 + 2𝐵 = 0
    𝑠 2 : 6𝐴 + 7𝐵 + 2𝐶 = −4
    𝑠1 : 12𝐴 + 4𝐵 + 3𝐶 + 2𝐷 = −16
    𝑠 0 : 8𝐴 − 4𝐵 − 2𝐶 − 𝐷 = −15

    192 96
    𝐴= 𝐵=
    125 125
    2 1
    𝐶= 𝐷=−
    25 5

    1 −192 96 10 252!
    2!
    𝑌(𝑠) = ( + + −
    125 2 (𝑠 − 1) 𝑠 + 2 (𝑠 + 2) 2 (𝑠 + 2)3
    2

    Taking the inverse transform


    1 𝑡 25 2 −2𝑡
    𝑦(𝑡) = (−9𝑒 2 + 96𝑒 −2𝑡 − 10𝑒 −2𝑡 − 𝑡 𝑒 )
    125 2
    3. 𝑦 ′′ − 6𝑦 ′ + 15𝑦 = 2 sin(3𝑡) 𝑦(0) = −1 𝑦 ′ (0) = −4
    solution

    3
    (𝑠 2 𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑠𝑦(0) − 𝑦 ′ (0)) − 6(𝑠𝑌(𝑠) − 𝑦(0)) + 15𝑌(𝑠)=2
    𝑠2 +9

    6
    (𝑠 2 − 6𝑠 + 15)𝑌(𝑠) + 𝑠 − 2 =
    (𝑠2 +9)
    −𝑠3 +2𝑠2 −9𝑠+24
    𝑌(𝑠) = (𝑠2
    +9)(𝑠2 −6𝑠+15)
    𝐴𝑠 + 𝐵 𝐶𝑠 + 𝐷
    𝑌(𝑠) = +
    𝑠 2 + 9 𝑠 2 − 6𝑠 + 15
    −𝑠 3 + 2𝑠 2 − 9𝑠 + 24 = (𝐴𝑠 + 𝐵)(𝑠 2 − 6𝑠 + 15) + (𝐶𝑠 + 𝐷)(𝑠 2 + 9)
    = (𝐴 + 𝐶 )𝑠 3 + (−6𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐷)𝑠 2 + (15𝐴 − 6𝐵 + 9𝐶 )𝑠 + 15𝐵 + 9𝐷

    𝑠 3 : 𝐴 + 𝑐 = −1
    𝑠 2 : − 6𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐷 = 2
    𝑠1 : 15𝐴 − 6𝐵 + 9𝐶 = −9
    𝑠 0 : 15𝐵 + 9𝐷 = 24

    1 1
    𝐴= 𝐵=
    10 10
    11 5
    𝐶=− 𝐷=
    10 2

    1 𝑠+1 −11𝑠 + 25
    𝑌(𝑠) = ( 2 + 2 )
    10 𝑠 + 9 𝑠 − 6𝑠 + 15
    1 𝑠 + 1 −11(𝑠 − 3 + 3) + 25
    = ( + )
    10 𝑠 2 + 9 (𝑠 − 3)2 + 6

    3
    1 𝑠 1 11(𝑠 − 3 + 3) + 25
    = ( 2 + 2 3 − )
    10 𝑠 + 9 𝑠 + 9 (𝑠 − 3)2 + 6
    The inverse transform is
    𝑦(𝑡) =
    1 1 8 3𝑡
    (cos(3𝑡) + sin(3𝑡) − 11𝑒 3𝑡 cos(√6𝑡) − 𝑒 sin √6𝑡
    10 3 √6

    4. 𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 ′ = cos(𝑡 − 3) + 4𝑡, 𝑦(3) = 0 𝑦 ′ (3) = 7


    solution
    let n = t – 3 t=n+3

    substitute t for n
    𝑦 ′′ (𝑛 + 3) + 4𝑦 ′ (𝑛 + 3) = cos(𝑛) + 4(𝑛 + 3)
    let’s 𝑢 (𝑛) = 𝑦(𝑛 + 3)
    by chain rule,
    𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡
    𝑢′ (𝑛) = = = 𝑦′(𝑛 + 3)
    𝑑𝑛 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑛
    𝑢′′ (𝑛) = 𝑦′′(𝑛 + 3)
    the initial condition for u(n) is:
    𝑢(0) = 𝑦(0 + 3) = 𝑦(3) = 0
    𝑢′ (0) = 𝑦 ′ (0 + 3) = 𝑦(3) = 7
    the IVP under these new variables is then,

    𝑢′′ + 4𝑢′ = cos(𝑛) + 4𝑛 + 12, 𝑢(0) = 0 𝑢′ (0) = 7


    taking Laplace transform and plugging in the new initial conditions gives,
    𝑠 4 12
    𝑠 2 𝑈(𝑠) − 𝑠𝑢(0) − 𝑢′ (0) + 4(𝑠𝑈(𝑠) − 𝑢(0)) = + +
    𝑠2 + 1 𝑠2 𝑠
    𝑠 4 + 12𝑠
    (𝑠 2 + 4𝑠)𝑈(𝑠) − 7 = 2 +
    𝑠 +1 𝑠2

    solving for U(s) gives,

    2
    𝑠 4 + 12𝑠 + 7𝑠 2
    (𝑠 + 4𝑠)𝑈(𝑠) = 2 +
    𝑠 +1 𝑠2
    1 4 + 12𝑠 + 7𝑠 2
    𝑈(𝑠) = +
    (𝑠 + 4)(𝑠 2 + 1) 𝑠 3 (𝑠 + 4)
    1
    1 17 + 1 (−𝑠 + 4)
    =
    (𝑠 + 4)(𝑠 2 + 1) 𝑠 + 4 17 𝑠 2 + 1
    11 17 17
    4 + 12𝑠 + 7𝑠 2 1
    3
    = 3 + 42 + 16 − 16
    𝑠 (𝑠 + 4) 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠+4
    11 17 273
    1 1 −𝑠 + 4
    𝑈(𝑠) = 3 + 42 + 16 − 272 + ( )
    𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 + 4 17 𝑠 2 + 1
    2! 11 17 273
    1 16 272 1 −𝑠 4
    ( ) 2!
    𝑈 𝑠 = 3 + 2 + 4 − + ( + )
    𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 + 4 17 𝑠 2 + 1 𝑠 2 + 1
    Taking the inverse transform will give the solution to the new IVP
    1 2 11 17 273 −4𝑛 1
    𝑢(𝑛) = 𝑛 + 𝑛+ − 𝑒 + (4 sin(𝑛) − cos(𝑛))
    2 4 16 272 17
    but,
    𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑦(𝑛 + 3) = 𝑢(𝑛) = 𝑢(𝑡 − 3)
    the solution to the original IVP is,
    1 11 17 273 −4(𝑡−3)
    𝑦(𝑡) = (𝑡 − 3)2 + (𝑡 − 3) + − 𝑒
    2 4 16 272
    1
    + (4 sin(𝑡 − 3) − cos(𝑡 − 3))
    17

    1 2 1 17 273 −4(𝑡−3)
    𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑡 − 𝑡+ − 𝑒
    2 4 16 272
    1
    + (4 sin(𝑡 − 3) − cos(𝑡 − 3))
    17

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