Ecss Q ST 20c Rev.1 (1march2013)

ECSS-Q-ST-20C Rev.
1
1 March 2013
Space product
assurance
Quality assurance
ECSS Secretariat
ESA-ESTEC
Requirements & Standards Division
Noordwijk, The Netherlands
ECSS-Q-ST-20C Rev.1
1 March 2013
Foreword
This Standard is one of the series of ECSS Standards intended to be applied together for the
management, engineering and product assurance in space projects and applications. ECSS is a
cooperative effort of the European Space Agency, national space agencies and European industry
associations for the purpose of developing and maintaining common standards. Requirements in this
Standard are defined in terms of what shall be accomplished, rather than in terms of how to organize
and perform the necessary work. This allows existing organizational structures and methods to be
applied where they are effective, and for the structures and methods to evolve as necessary without
rewriting the standards.
This Standard has been prepared by the ECSS-Q-ST-20 Working Group, reviewed by the ECSS
Executive Secretariat and approved by the ECSS Technical Authority.
Disclaimer
ECSS does not provide any warranty whatsoever, whether expressed, implied, or statutory, including,
but not limited to, any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or any warranty
that the contents of the item are error-free. In no respect shall ECSS incur any liability for any
damages, including, but not limited to, direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages arising out
of, resulting from, or in any way connected to the use of this Standard, whether or not based upon
warranty, business agreement, tort, or otherwise; whether or not injury was sustained by persons or
property or otherwise; and whether or not loss was sustained from, or arose out of, the results of, the
item, or any services that may be provided by ECSS.
Published by: ESA Requirements and Standards Division

ESTEC, P.O. Box 299,
2200 AG Noordwijk
The Netherlands
Copyright: 2013© by the European Space Agency for the members of ECSS
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Change log
ECSS-Q-20A First issue

19 April 1996
ECSS-Q-20-B Second issue
8 March 2002
ECSS-Q-ST-20C Third issue
15 November 2008 Major changes of this version of ECSS-Q-ST-20 with regard to the previous
version are:
• Transfer of PA related requirements to the newly established ECSS-Q-
ST-10, Product assurance management;
• Adaptation of structure of document and formulation of requirements
to be consistent with ECSS drafting rules.
• Deletion of ECSS-Q-20B or transfer to ECSS-Q-ST-10C:
o Clause "4.6 Quality assurance programme audits" deleted;
transferred to Q-ST-10 clause "5.1.4 PA audits";
o Clause "4.7 QA role in configuration management" deleted;
transferred to Q-ST-10 clause "5.6 PA role in configuration
management";
o Clause "4.8 Critical items control" deleted; transferred to Q-ST-10
clause "5.2 Critical items control and PA interfaces to project risk
management";
o Clause "11 Operations" deleted.
• New requirements:
o Annex A of Q-20B: Ground Support Equipment moved to clause 5.8
of this document.
o Annex A: DRD for QA Plan added.
ECSS-Q-ST-20C Rev.1 Third issue Revision 1
1 March 2013 Major changes of this version with regard to the previous version are:
• Implementation of Change Requests
• Addition of applicable terms from ECSS-S-ST-00-01 in 3.1
• Abbreviated terms for “CoC, NCR, VCB and VCD” added
• Clause 5.3.2.4 “Qualification process” aligned with ECSS-E-ST-10-02
• Addition of the “Pre-Tailoring matrix” in Clause 6
• Annex D abbreviated title of DRD changed from “DoC” to “CoC”
• Addition of Annex J “ECSS-Q-ST-20 applicability according to
programme phases”
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Detailed changes:
Addition of definitions in 3.2 for terms:
- Inspectability
- producibility
- repeatability
- testability
Added requirements:
5.2.7.2f; 5.3.2.4.1d; 5.5.8j; 5.5.11a-b; A.2<9>a; D.2.1a.8
Modified requirements:
5.1.2b and c; 5.2.4a-f(replacement of term “stamp” by “acceptance
authority media”); 5.2.7.2a. (NOTE added); 5.2.7.2b.4 (typo);.5.3.1.1a
(NOTE removed and text used for definition 3.2.3); 5.3.1.2a (NOTE
removed and text used for definition 3.2.4); 5.3.1.3a (NOTE removed and
text used for definitions 3.2.2 and 3.2.5); 5.3.2.4.1a-c (NOTES added);
5.4.1.2a.1and 3 (NOTE moved after last item of list); 5.4.3b; 5.4.3c; 5.4.3c.1
and 4 (NOTES moved after last item of list); 5.5.1d; 5.5.1e.3 and 4 (NOTES
moved after last item of list); 5.5.2a; 5.5.2b.3 and 5; 5.5.3.1b NOTE;
5.5.3.2a.1 (NOTE moved after last item of list); 5.5.3.2a.2; 5.5.5c (NOTE
deleted); 5.5.6.1d; 5.5.8e; 5.5.9.1d (NOTE added); 5.5.9.2a-b; 5.6.3.1a;
5.6.4a,c-e; 5.6.5a; 5.7.1b; 5.7.3a (NOTE deleted); 5.7.3g (NOTE added);
Clauses 5.8.4 to 5.8.7 merged into 5.8.4; clause 5.8.4 renamed to
“Acceptance and delivery”; 5.8.5a (now: req. 5.8.4.2a) modified and NOTE
deleted; A.2<3>a; B.2.1a.7; B.2.1a.17 (NOTE 2 added);
Moved requirements:
5.8.1.1.1a-c moved to 5.8.1a-c; clause 5.8.4 renamed to “Acceptance and
delivery”; 5.8.5a-c moved to 5.8.4.2a-c; 5.8.6a-b moved to 5.8.4.3a-b; 5.8.7a
moved to 5.8.4.4a.
Deleted requirements:
5.2.4g;
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Table of contents
Change log ................................................................................................................. 3
1 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 8
2 Normative references ............................................................................................. 9
3 Terms and definitions .......................................................................................... 10

3.1 Terms from other standards....................................................................................10
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard ................................................................... 10
3.3 Abbreviated terms and symbols .............................................................................. 12
3.4 Nomenclature .........................................................................................................13
4 Quality assurance principles ............................................................................... 14

4.1 QA management principles.....................................................................................14
4.2 General principles ...................................................................................................14
4.3 Design and verification principles............................................................................ 14
4.4 Procurement principles ...........................................................................................15
4.5 Manufacturing, assembly and integration principles ................................................ 15
4.6 Testing principles ....................................................................................................15
4.7 Acceptance and delivery principles ......................................................................... 15
4.8 GSE principles ........................................................................................................15
5 Quality assurance requirements ......................................................................... 16

5.1 QA management requirements ............................................................................... 16
5.1.1 Quality assurance plan .............................................................................. 16
5.1.2 Personnel training and certification ........................................................... 16
5.2 QA general requirements ........................................................................................16
5.2.1 Critical-items control..................................................................................16
5.2.2 Nonconformance control system ............................................................... 16
5.2.3 Management of alerts ............................................................................... 17
5.2.4 Acceptance authority media ...................................................................... 17
5.2.5 Traceability ...............................................................................................17
5.2.6 Metrology and calibration .......................................................................... 18
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5.2.7 Handling, storage and preservation ........................................................... 19
5.2.8 Statistical quality control and analysis ....................................................... 20
5.3 QA requirements for design and verification ........................................................... 21
5.3.1 Design rules ..............................................................................................21
5.3.2 Verification ................................................................................................21
5.4 QA requirements for procurement ........................................................................... 24
5.4.1 Selection of procurement sources ............................................................. 24
5.4.2 Procurement documents ........................................................................... 25
5.4.3 Surveillance of procurement sources ........................................................ 25
5.4.4 Receiving inspection ................................................................................. 26
5.5 QA requirements for manufacturing, assembly and integration ............................... 28
5.5.1 Planning of manufacturing, assembly and integration activities and
associated documents .............................................................................. 28
5.5.2 Manufacturing readiness reviews .............................................................. 29
5.5.3 Control of processes ................................................................................. 29
5.5.4 Workmanship standards............................................................................ 30
5.5.5 Materials and parts control ........................................................................ 30
5.5.6 Equipment control .....................................................................................31
5.5.7 Cleanliness and contamination control ...................................................... 31
5.5.8 Inspection .................................................................................................32
5.5.9 Specific requirements for assembly and integration .................................. 34
5.5.10 Manufacturing, assembly and integration records ..................................... 34
5.5.11 Electrostatic discharge control (ESD) ........................................................ 34
5.6 QA requirements for testing ....................................................................................35
5.6.1 Test facilities .............................................................................................35
5.6.2 Test equipment .........................................................................................35
5.6.3 Test documentation...................................................................................35
5.6.4 Test performance monitoring .................................................................... 35
5.6.5 Test reviews ..............................................................................................36
5.7 QA requirements for acceptance and delivery ........................................................ 36
5.7.1 Acceptance and delivery process .............................................................. 36
5.7.2 End item data package ............................................................................. 37
5.7.3 Delivery review board (DRB) ..................................................................... 37
5.7.4 Preparation for delivery ............................................................................. 38
5.7.5 Delivery .....................................................................................................38
5.8 QA requirements for ground support equipment (GSE) .......................................... 38
5.8.1 Design, development and verification ........................................................ 38
5.8.2 Configuration control ................................................................................. 39
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5.8.3 Production .................................................................................................39
5.8.4 Acceptance and delivery ........................................................................... 39
5.8.5 <<deleted, requirements moved to 5.8.4.2>> ............................................ 40
5.8.8 General requirements ............................................................................... 41
5.8.9 Maintenance .............................................................................................41
6 Pre-tailoring matrix per space product types .................................................... 42
Annex A (normative) QA plan - DRD ...................................................................... 51
Annex B (normative) End item data package (EIDP) - DRD ................................. 53
Annex C (normative) Logbook - DRD .................................................................... 55
Annex D (normative) Certificate of conformity (CoC) - DRD................................ 57
Annex E (informative) Example of a logbook cover page .................................... 59
Annex F (informative) Example of EIDP cover page ............................................ 60
Annex G (informative) Example of EIDP contents ................................................ 61
Annex H (informative) Example of Certificate of conformity ............................... 62
Annex I (informative) QA document requirement list ........................................... 63
Annex J (informative) ECSS-Q-ST-20 applicability according to

programme phases ............................................................................................. 64
Bibliography............................................................................................................. 67
Tables
Table I-1 : QA document requirement list with respect to milestones .................................... 63
Table J-1 : ECSS-Q-ST-20C Requirements per programme phase ...................................... 64
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1
Scope
This Standard defines the quality assurance (QA) requirements for the
establishment and implementation of a Quality Assurance programme for
products of space projects.
Discipline related qualification activities are complemented in standards
specific to those disciplines (e.g. ECSS-E-ST-32-01 for fracture control).
For software quality assurance, the software product assurance standard, ECSS-
Q-ST-80 is applicable.
This Standard is applicable to all space projects.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constrains of a
space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
For the tailoring of this standard the following information is provided:
• A table providing the pre-tailoring per “Product types” in clause 6
• A table providing the pre-tailoring per “Project phase” in Annex J
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2
Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through

reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the more recent editions of
the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS system - Glossary of terms
ECSS-Q-ST-10 Space product assurance - Product assurance
management
ECSS-Q-ST-10-04 Space product assurance - Critical-item control
ECSS-Q-ST-10-09 Space product assurance - Nonconformance control
system
EN 61340-5-1 (2007) Electrostatics - Part 5-1: Protection of electronic
devices from electrostatic phenomena - General
requirements
ANSI-ESD S20.20- Development of an Electrostatic Discharge Control
2007 Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic
Parts, Assemblies and Equipment
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3
Terms and definitions
3.1 Terms from other standards

For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-ST-00-01
apply, in particular for the following terms:
nonconformance
process
product assurance
quality assurance
space system
space segment element
space segment sub-system
launch segment element
launch segment sub-system
ground segment element
ground segment sub-system
space segment equipment
launch segment equipment
ground segment equipment
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard

3.2.1 ground support equipment (GSE)
optical, mechanical, fluidic, electrical and software support equipment or
systems used for example for calibration, measurements, testing, simulation,
transportation, and handling of space segment or of space segment elements
3.2.2 inspectability
ability of an item of being inspected
NOTE Inspectability includes provisions for the
followings aspects:
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• Definition of inspection including
acceptance or rejection criteria, expressed in
an unambiguous and quantified manner.
• Part and component accessibility for
inspection
• Definition of tolerance methods for
dimensional inspection performance (e.g.
functional tolerances).
3.2.3 producibility
ability of an item of being producible
NOTE Producibility includes provisions for the
following aspects:
• Design simplification and standardization,
reduction in part types and part number.
• Guidelines for selection of preferred parts,
materials and processes.
• Unambiguous definitions of the
requirements and limits to be used.
• Definition of tolerance build-up methods, in
order to simplify manufacturing, assembly,
inspection.
• Standardization of interfaces.
• Part accessibility for assembly and
inspection.
• Definition of design criteria consistent with
the capability of manufacturing processes.
• Definition of design methods to ensure that
the cleanliness requirements are compatible
with the capability of related cleanliness
procedures and facilities.
3.2.4 repeatability
ability to reproduce the performance and characteristics of an item
NOTE Repeatability includes provisions for the
following aspects:
• Definition of standard tolerances generally
applicable.
• Recommended design concepts and
solutions to ensure repeatability.
• Recommended manufacturing processes
having proven repeatability.
• Design criteria that optimize
implementation of automated
manufacturing methods, or computer-aided
manufacturing
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3.2.5 testability
ability of an item of being tested
NOTE Testability includes provisions for the
followings aspects:
• Definition of test requirements, including
acceptance or rejection criteria, expressed in
an unambiguous and quantified manner.
• Part and component accessibility for test.
• Definition of recommended design
techniques to facilitate fault detection,
identification and location (e.g. test points,
modularity, built-in test software, and
feedback loops).
3.3 Abbreviated terms and symbols

For the purpose of this Standard, the abbreviated terms and symbols from
ECSS-S-ST-00-01 and the following apply:
Abbreviation Meaning
AIV assembly, integration, verification
BB breadboard
CI configuration item
CoC certificate of confirmity
DRB delivery review board
NOTE: DRB is synonymous to “Acceptance Review
Board” (ARB) in ECSS-M-ST-10
DRD document requirements definition
EEE electrical, electronic, electromechanical
EGSE electrical ground support equipment
EIDP end item data package
FGSE fluidic ground support equipment
FM flight model
GSE ground support equipment
MGSE mechanical ground support equipment
MIP mandatory inspection point
NCR nonconformance report
NRB nonconformance review board
OGSE optical ground support equipment
PA product assurance
PM project manager
QA quality assurance
QM qualification model
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RFD request for deviation

RFW request for waiver
TRB test review board
TRR test readiness review
VCB verification control board
VCD verification control document
3.4 Nomenclature
The following nomenclature apply throughout this document:
a. The word “shall” is used in this standard to express requirements. All the
requirements are expressed with the word “shall”.
b. The word “should” is used in this standard to express recommendations.
All the recommendations are expressed with the word “should”.
NOTE It is expected that, during tailoring, all the
recommendations in this document are either
converted into requirements or tailored out.
c. The words “may” and “need not” are used in this standard to express
positive and negative permissions respectively. All the positive
permissions are expressed with the word “may”. All the negative
permissions are expressed with the words “need not”.
d. The word “can” is used in this standard to express capabilities or
possibilities, and therefore, if not accompanied by one of the previous
words, it implies descriptive text.
NOTE In ECSS “may” and “can” have a complete
different meaning: “may” is normative
(permission) and “can” is descriptive.
e. The present and past tense are used in this standard to express statement
of fact, and therefore they imply descriptive text.
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4
Quality assurance principles
4.1 QA management principles

The prime objective of Quality Assurance (QA) management is to ensure that a
QA programme for projects covering mission definition, design, development
and production of space systems is established, maintained and implemented.
All QA requirements are specified through definition and implementation of
adequate methods and procedures.
Personnel whose performance determines or affects product quality are trained
and certified in accordance with project needs.
4.2 General principles

The implementation of the following phase-independent activities is ensured by
the QA function throughout the lead-time of projects:
• critical-items control
• nonconformance control
• alert management
• stamp control
• traceability
• metrology and calibration
• handling, storage and preservation
• statistical quality control (if required by the business agreement).
4.3 Design and verification principles

The objective of the QA function is to ensure that:
a. a set of design rules and methods has been set up and is consistent with
the project techniques and technologies;
b. methods, procedures and tools have been defined and are implemented
in order to prove that each applicable requirement is verified through
one or more of the following methods: analysis, inspection, test, review
of design, audits;
c. the design is producible and repeatable and that the resulting product
can be verified and operated within the required operating limits;
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d. design and verification activities are planned in a consistent and logical
way;
e. the verification process is complete and includes clear test, test model
and verification logic;
f. a defined qualification approach is implemented to demonstrate that the
item performs satisfactorily in the intended environment.
4.4 Procurement principles

All procurement activities including selection of procurement sources,
procurement documents, procurement source surveillance and receiving
inspection are controlled to ensure that all procured items and services conform
to requirements.
4.5 Manufacturing, assembly and integration principles

All manufacturing, assembly and integration operations are planned and
performed in coordination with inspections and tests to ensure that the
deliverables are built, assembled and integrated to the approved configuration
baseline.
Special processes and new technologies are identified in a timely manner and
adequate evaluation or qualification activities should be implemented in line
with the overall schedule.
4.6 Testing principles

Test facilities and test equipment are validated prior to their use to ensure
conformance to project requirements.
All tests are performed in accordance with documented and released
procedures and results are comprehensively recorded.
4.7 Acceptance and delivery principles

The objective is to ensure that an acceptance and delivery process is
implemented which allows demonstrating and documenting the conformance
of the delivered item.
4.8 GSE principles

Design, production, delivery and maintenance requirements for GSE are
defined and implemented allowing for testability, availability, safety, life
duration, operability and ability to interface as necessary with space segment in
a safe way.
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5
Quality assurance requirements
5.1 QA management requirements
5.1.1 Quality assurance plan

a. The supplier shall prepare, maintain and implement a QA plan in
conformance with the DRD in Annex A.
b. The QA plan shall be submitted to the customer for approval.
NOTE Information on the schedule for delivery of the
QA plan is given in Annex I.
5.1.2 Personnel training and certification

a. The supplier shall establish a documented training programme for the
personnel whose performance determines or affects product quality.
b. Personnel performing or evaluating special processes shall be trained and
certified according to standards accepted by the customer.
NOTE The term “special process” is defined in ECSS-
S-ST-00-01.
c. Personnel performing non-destructive testing and evaluation shall be
trained and certified according to standards accepted by the customer.
d. The supplier shall maintain records of the training.
5.2 QA general requirements
5.2.1 Critical-items control

a. The supplier shall implement Critical-items control in conformance with
ECSS-Q-ST-10-04.
5.2.2 Nonconformance control system

a. The supplier shall implement a nonconformance control system in
conformance with ECSS-Q-ST-10-09.
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5.2.3 Management of alerts

a. The supplier shall manage alerts in conformance with ECSS-Q-ST-10,
clause 5.2.9.
5.2.4 Acceptance authority media

a. The supplier shall establish and maintain a documented acceptance
authority media control system to ensure the correct and legitimate use
of all fabrication and inspection authority media.
b. Acceptance authority media shall be used to:
1. signify the completion of operations and processes, and
2. indicate inspection performance at source and incoming
inspection, in process inspection and tests, final inspection, end
point testing, storage and shipment.
c. The use of acceptance authority media shall be restricted to authorized
personnel as identified in the acceptance authority media control system.
d. Acceptance authority media shall be traceable to individuals responsible
for their use.
e. Acceptance authority media shall be applied directly to parts and
materials, when specified by engineering drawings and specifications,
and associated documents, records, labels.
f. Acceptance authority media materials and methods shall be compatible
with the articles and their use.
NOTE Acceptance authority media include stamps
and signatures as defined in EN9100.
g. <<deleted>>
5.2.5 Traceability
a. The supplier shall ensure that a bidirectional and unequivocal
relationship between parts, materials or products and associated
documentation or records is established and maintained.
b. The supplier shall be capable to trace data, personnel and equipment
related to procurement, manufacturing, inspection, test, assembly,
integration and operations activities.
c. The supplier shall be capable to trace backward the locations of materials,
parts, sub-assemblies.
d. The supplier shall be capable to trace forward the locations of materials
from raw stock.
e. The supplier shall establish controls to ensure that:
1. identification numbers are assigned in a systematic manner,
2. identification numbers of scrapped or destroyed items are not used
again,
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3. identification numbers, once allocated, are not changed, unless the
change is authorized by the customer.
NOTE Requirements for identification are addressed
in ECSS-M-ST-40.
5.2.6 Metrology and calibration

a. The supplier shall control, calibrate and maintain inspection, measuring
and test equipment, whether owned by the supplier, on loan, or provided
by the customer to demonstrate the conformance of product to the
specified requirements.
b. The supplier shall use equipment in a manner which ensures that
measurement uncertainty is known and is consistent with the specified
measurement capability.
c. The supplier shall include in the calculations of all measurements the
total error in the measurement process attributable to the cumulative
error from the calibration chain, measuring equipment and those
contributed by personnel, procedures and the environment.
d. The supplier shall record the basis for the calculation of the cumulative
errors as specified in requirement 5.2.6c.
e. The supplier shall select inspection, measuring and test equipment in
conformance with the required measurement accuracy and precision.
f. The supplier shall identify, calibrate and adjust all inspection, measuring
and test equipment and devices that can affect product quality at
prescribed intervals, or prior to use, against certified equipment.
g. The supplier shall establish, document and maintain calibration
procedures, including details of equipment type, identification number,
location, frequency of checks, check method, acceptance criteria and the
action to be taken when results exceed the specified accuracy.
h. The supplier shall ensure that the inspection, measuring and test
equipment is capable of the specified accuracy and precision.
i. The supplier shall identify inspection, measuring and test equipment
with a suitable indicator or approved identification record to show the
calibration status.
j. The supplier shall maintain calibration records for inspection, measuring
and test equipment.
k. The supplier shall assess and document the validity of previous
inspection and test results when inspection, measuring or test equipment
is found to be out of calibration.
l. The supplier shall ensure that the environmental conditions are suitable
for the calibrations, inspections, measurements and tests being carried
out.
m. The supplier shall ensure that inspection, measuring and test facilities,
including both test hardware and test software are protected against
adjustments, which can invalidate the calibration setting.
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n. The supplier shall ensure that the inspection, measuring and test
equipment is handled, preserved and stored such that the accuracy and
fitness for use is maintained.
o. The supplier shall check the test hardware or test software used for
inspection to prove that it is capable of verifying the acceptability of the
product prior to release for use during production and installation, and
recheck it at specified intervals.
NOTE 1 Examples of test hardware are: jigs, fixtures,
templates and patterns.
NOTE 2 Test aids such as test leads, break-out boxes,
mains leads and similar items are not subject to
the entire set of requirements defined in this
clause, but are validated in a way appropriate
to their usage.
p. The supplier shall establish the extent and frequency of such checks and
shall maintain records as evidence of control.
q. The supplier shall make the measurement design data available to the
customer upon request.
5.2.7 Handling, storage and preservation
5.2.7.1 Handling
a. The supplier shall prevent handling damage during all phases of
manufacturing, assembly, integration, testing, storage, transportation and
operation.
NOTE Possible prevention measures are:
• protection of items during handling,
• handling devices, or
• procedures and instructions.
5.2.7.2 Storage
a. The supplier shall place the following items in secure storage areas:
1. incoming materials,
2. intermediate items needing temporary storage, and
3. end items before shipping.
NOTE Security of the storage is defined according to
specific customer requirements.
b. The supplier shall place the following items in designated segregated
areas:
1. limited life materials,
2. suspended limited life materials,
3. nonconforming items awaiting NRB disposition,
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4. scrapped items,
5. items designated to be stored separately for health or safety
reasons.
c. Each segregated area shall be identified and labelled for its intended use.
d. The supplier shall maintain control over acceptance into and withdrawal
from storage areas.
e. The supplier shall maintain records to ensure that all stored items are
within the usable life limits, controlled and retested, and to provide
traceability within the storage or segregated area.
f. The supplier shall ensure that no deterioration, damage or unexpected
performance degradation occur to stored items due to storage conditions.
5.2.7.3 Preservation
a. The supplier shall ensure that items subject to deterioration, corrosion or
contamination through exposure to any environmental elements are
preserved by methods that ensure maximum protection consistent with
life and usage.
NOTE Examples of such environmental elements are:
air and moisture.
5.2.8 Statistical quality control and analysis
5.2.8.1 General
a. Statistical quality control and analysis methods shall be used to maintain
or improve the specified control of quality, when statistically significant
with respect to the product characteristics and to quantities produced.
NOTE Examples of statistical quality control and
analysis methods are sample inspection plans,
determination of quality levels, statistical
process control and process capabilities studies.
b. When employing statistical quality control and analysis methods, the
supplier shall ensure that all the conditions for use are enforced.
NOTE Example of such conditions are sample
significance, recording and elaboration of data,
and formulation of clear decision rules.
c. Statistical quality control applications, when used by the supplier for
acceptance of materials, parts, processes and products, shall be submitted
to the customer for approval.
5.2.8.2 Sampling plans

a. When sampling plans are used the supplier shall define and justify the
following:
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1. sample size, sample selection methods and criteria for inspection
severity,
2. acceptance / rejection criteria, and
3. screening of rejected lots.
b. The supplier shall maintain records of the sampling tests, together with
the identification of the characteristics to which sampling is applied.
5.3 QA requirements for design and verification
5.3.1 Design rules
5.3.1.1 Producibility
a. The supplier shall ensure that the product is designed such that it can be
produced with the specified level of quality.
5.3.1.2 Repeatability
a. The supplier shall ensure that the product is designed such that its
performances and characteristics can be reproduced over different
models and serial production.
5.3.1.3 Inspectability and testability

inspected and tested under representative conditions, for production,
AIV and operational environment.
5.3.1.4 Operability
operated in accordance with programme constraints and requirements,
throughout its whole life cycle including handling, storage,
transportation, integration and operations.
5.3.2 Verification
5.3.2.1 General
a. The supplier shall ensure that requirement verification is performed
progressively, as each stage of the project is completed, and provides the
organized base of data upon which qualification and acceptance is
incrementally declared.
b. The supplier shall ensure that top-down requirement allocations and
bottom-up requirement verifications are complete and consistent.
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c. The supplier shall ensure that a system for tracking requirements and
verification of results is established and maintained during the whole
project life cycle.
d. The supplier shall ensure that verification methods are adequate and
consistent with the type and criticality of the requirements.
e. The supplier shall ensure that appropriate reference to the verification
documentation is recorded and status updated at project reviews up to
final acceptance.
5.3.2.2 Design verification analysis

a. The supplier shall ensure that the objectives of the analysis are defined in
relation with the development logic defined in the verification plan.
b. The following items shall be identified:
1. reference of the configuration item definition under analysis;
2. environmental constraints considered in the analysis;
3. basic assumptions, analysis methods, mathematical models.
5.3.2.3 Design reviews

a. The supplier shall ensure that design reviews are conducted in
accordance with project requirements and written procedures.
NOTE Design reviews address the following items:
• Quality requirements and criteria for design,
producibility, repeatability, testability and
operability are adequately considered in
design documentation.
• Methods and data required for
procurement, manufacturing, inspection and
test are available and validated.
• Risks of not achieving requirements are
highlighted and adequately controlled.
5.3.2.4 Qualification process
5.3.2.4.1 Qualification
a. The supplier shall ensure that all configuration items and their
constituent items, either off-the-shelf or specifically designed, are
properly qualified with margins commensurate with the application and
use environment.
NOTE For equipment with heritage, an Equipment
Qualification Status Review can be organised to
assess qualification status.
b. The supplier QA shall review and approve the qualification plan.
NOTE The qualification plan is a subset of the VCD as
defined in ECSS-E-ST-10-02.
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c. The supplier QA shall review and approve the qualification results.
NOTE Qualification results are a subset of Verification
Control Document (VCD) as defined in ECSS-E-
ST-10-02.
d. The supplier QA manager shall ensure that a Verification Control Board
(VCB) is established to monitor the qualification process.
NOTE Verification Control Board (VCB) is defined in
ECSS-E-ST-10-02.
5.3.2.4.2 Qualification by similarity

a. Qualification by similarity with an identical or similar product shall be
justified by providing evidence that the new application is within the
limits of the previously qualified design.
b. Any difference in definition with respect to the reference product and
any difference in the required qualification tests shall be identified.
c. The need for complementary qualification tests shall be analysed and the
decision justified and submitted to the customer for approval.
d. For this purpose the supplier shall:
1. evaluate the as-designed or as-built configuration and related
nonconformances,
2. ensure that qualification requirements and qualification ranges are
compatible with project requirements,
3. ensure that qualification test results meet the requirements and
any nonconformances are available for evaluation, and
4. ensure that a logbook of the selected model is available for review.
5.3.2.4.3 Qualification testing

a. The product used for qualification testing shall be produced in
accordance with a full and clearly identified manufacturing and
inspection file.
b. To obtain authorization to initiate qualification tests the supplier shall
demonstrate that:
1. the qualification model is fully representative of the flight model
and any differences have been analysed to evaluate their effect on
the qualification status;
2. inspection and test requirements are expressed in an unambiguous
and quantified manner including:
(a) test sequence;
(b) test conditions;
(c) test standards, if any;
(d) applicable test levels, durations and tolerances;
(e) accuracy in measurement.
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3. the qualification test procedures and facilities are defined,
available and conforming to requirements of clause 5.5.11b.
5.3.2.4.4 Qualification status

a. The supplier shall report the qualification status in conformance with the
“Qualification status list” DRD as defined in ECSS-Q-ST-10.
5.3.2.4.5 Maintenance of qualification

a. Once the design is qualified, the supplier shall assess all subsequent
changes, deviations and anomalies for their impact on the qualification
status and shall perform requalification as necessary.
5.3.2.5 Design changes

a. The supplier shall ensure that all design changes and modifications are
identified, documented, reviewed and approved before their
implementation.
5.4 QA requirements for procurement
5.4.1 Selection of procurement sources
5.4.1.1 General
a. The supplier QA shall participate in the approval and the selection of
procurement sources.
NOTE The selection of procurement sources for EEE
components is defined in ECSS-Q-ST-60.
5.4.1.2 Selection criteria

a. The supplier shall select its suppliers on the basis of one of the following
criteria:
1. The supplier has been certified by the final customer, and has a
current approval to furnish items or services of the type and
quality level being procured.
2. The supplier is furnishing, or has furnished within the past two
years, items or services of the type and quality level being
procured under other contracts with the final customer.
3. The supplier has demonstrated continuous capability to furnish
items or services of the type and quality level being procured,
supported by objective documentation.
4. Supplier’s capability of satisfying business agreement
requirements is demonstrated by a pre-award audit by the relevant
customer.
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NOTE 1 NOTE to item 1:Third party certification (for
instance against ISO 9001) can be also
considered.
NOTE 2 NOTE to item 3: This criterion does not apply if
the supplier has not furnished items or services
of the type being procured for more than two
years.
b. The supplier shall document and maintain on file results of supplier
selection process.
5.4.1.3 Record and list of procurement sources

a. The supplier shall establish and maintain records of all procurement
sources involved in business agreement performance.
b. The supplier shall submit to the customer, upon request, the list of
procurement sources, including all the information in the records
5.4.1.3a, for information.
5.4.2 Procurement documents

a. The supplier shall ensure that supplies are identified and that all
applicable requirements are defined in the procurement documents.
b. The supplier shall ensure that requirements to those contained in lower
tier procurement documents are traceable.
c. The procurement documents shall contain, by statement or reference:
1. comprehensive technical descriptions of the items and services to
be procured,
2. details of the applicable requirements, such as requirements for
preservation, packaging, marking, shipping, accompanying
documentation and provisions for limited-life items,
3. details of QA activities to be performed, such as inspection and test
characteristics, records and reports,
4. details of supplier’s QA activities at source, and
5. special acceptance conditions.
d. The supplier’s quality assurance organization shall review procurement
documents prior to release, to verify the correct selection of procurement
sources and appropriateness of their content.
5.4.3 Surveillance of procurement sources

a. The supplier shall exercise surveillance over all the activities carried out
by lower level suppliers during business agreement performance.
b. The surveillance programme shall address audits, reviews, mandatory
inspection points, as well as direct supervision by supplier’s resident
personnel at his suppliers’ facilities and source inspection.
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NOTE Example of review is the manufacturing
readiness review.
c. The supplier shall define the type and extent of surveillance by reviewing
the following criteria:
1. Testing or inspections cannot be accomplished by the supplier.
2. Verification tests are destructive in nature and the quality cannot
be verified solely by inspection or test at supplier’s facility.
3. Supplies are designated for direct shipment from source to a
customer site or the using site.
4. Manufacturing and AIV of complex equipment or subsystems.
5. Past performance or quality history of the lower level supplier is
marginal.
6. Functional criticality and technical complexity of the supplies.
7. The degree of responsibility placed on the procurement source.
NOTE 1 Examples for item 1: environments or test
equipment not available at supplier’s facility.
NOTE 2 Example for item 4: payloads.
d. The supplier shall ensure that each of his suppliers implements
surveillance on their lower level suppliers, in accordance with the same
criteria.
e. Surveillance may be delegated by the customer to third parties.
5.4.4 Receiving inspection
5.4.4.1 General
a. The supplier shall ensure that all incoming supplies, including
documentation and packaging, whether delivered on his own premises
or elsewhere, conform to the requirements of the procurement
documents.
b. The supplier shall perform inspections in accordance with established
procedures and instructions, to ensure that quality level is properly
determined.
NOTE 1 Sampling plans in receiving inspection are
defined in 5.2.8.2.
NOTE 2 Receiving inspection of components is defined
in ECSS-Q-ST-60.
NOTE 3 Lot or batch acceptance of materials and
mechanical parts is defined in ECSS-Q-ST-70.
c. Receiving inspectors shall have available the procurement documents,
specifications, drawings and any other document relevant to incoming
supplies as required in the procurement documents.
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5.4.4.2 Receiving inspection activities
a. Receiving inspection activities shall include:
1. verification of the packaging conditions and of the status of
environmental sensors,
2. visual inspection of the delivered items,
3. verification of correct identification and, where appropriate,
configuration identification for conformance to the ordering data,
4. verification of the evidence of inspection and tests performed by
the supplier and associated documentation,
5. verification of the performance of supplier’s source inspection,
when required,
6. performance of inspections and tests on selected characteristics of
incoming supplies or test specimens submitted with the supplies,
7. identification of the shelf life of limited-life items,
8. identification of the inspection status and physical separation of
the supplies in the receiving inspection area according to the
following categories:
(a) items for which the receiving inspection has not been
completed;
(b) conforming items;
(c) nonconforming items.
9. prevention of unauthorized use of uninspected items,
10. identification of the items to be released for production with
conformance status and traceability data to be recorded in
manufacturing documents,
11. maintenance of receiving inspection records in conformance with
5.4.4.4.
5.4.4.3 Customer furnished items

a. Receiving inspection of items supplied by the customer shall consist of
the verification of identity and integrity after transportation.
NOTE Additional inspections and tests, if any, are
specified in the business agreement.
5.4.4.4 Receiving inspection records

a. The supplier shall maintain receiving inspection records to ensure
traceability and the availability of historical data to monitor supplier
performance and quality trends.
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5.5 QA requirements for manufacturing, assembly and

integration
5.5.1 Planning of manufacturing, assembly and

integration activities and associated
documents
a. The supplier shall document the planning of manufacturing, assembly
and integration operations and inspections in the manufacturing plan or
flow chart for the product, including the sequence of operations and
associated inspections and tests.
b. The planning shall include the identification of MIPs in conformance
with 5.5.8, together with the reference to the procedures by which the
various activities are performed and the required cleanliness levels and
temperature and humidity requirements of the facilities.
c. Instructions shall direct the actual performance of manufacturing,
assembly and integration operations and inspections, to ensure that the
activities proceed in an orderly manner and according to the planned
sequence.
NOTE For example: shop travellers.
d. The supplier shall issue and maintain manufacturing,
assembly,integration and inspection documents in accordance with
established and released procedures.
e. The QA organization shall review and approve such documents, and any
modifications thereof, to ensure that they include or refer to:
1. Identification of the item to be manufactured or equipment to be
used.
2. Configuration data, including parts lists, drawings, changes and
specifications.
3. Identification of the production and inspection equipment to be
used for the manufacturing, assembly and integration of the item.
4. Identification of critical characteristics.
5. Detailed definition, by description or reference, of manufacturing,
assembly, integration, inspections and test operations to be
performed, and special conditions to be maintained.
6. Provisions for inspections and tests to be witnessed by customer
representative.
7. Accept or reject criteria (with tolerances) and workmanship
standards.
8. Details of sampling inspection procedures to be used, if any.
9. Detailed procedures for the activities to be performed.
NOTE 1 Examples for item 3, of production and
inspection equipment are tools, jigs and
fixtures.
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NOTE 2 Critical characteristics, for item 4, are defined in
ECSS-Q-ST-30.
f. Only “first off” shop travellers shall be reviewed unless subsequent
travellers incorporate a significant change of inspection requirements or
order of events.
g. The supplier shall also provide for detail support documents and
instructions, such as drawings, procedure and instruction sheets, to
enable operations to be correctly performed.
5.5.2 Manufacturing readiness reviews

a. The supplier shall perform a review of the readiness for manufacturing,
prior to starting the manufacture of the first flight-standard product.
b. The manufacturing readiness review shall evaluate the following aspects:
1. status of product definition and requirements, differences with the
status of the qualification model, and impacts of these differences;
2. status of manufacturing, assembly, inspection and test
documentation, differences with the status of the qualification
model, and impacts of these differences;
3. verification status of manufacturing processes
4. implementation of dispositions for risk reduction, as defined by
risk assessment, into the manufacturing, assembly, integration,
inspection and test procedures;
5. availability of personnel and of specified materials and parts,
production, measuring and inspection equipment, and calibration
status, when relevant;
6. cleanliness of facilities, with respect to the specified cleanliness
levels;
7. facility temperature and humidity with respect to requirements.
5.5.3 Control of processes
5.5.3.1 General
a. The supplier shall monitor all processes used for manufacturing,
assembly and integration, and enforce all applicable process
requirements.
b. The supplier shall ensure that all manufacturing processes are covered by
documented process specifications or standards.
NOTE The definition of manufacturing process
specifications is given in ECSS-Q-ST-70.
c. Process specifications shall include QA provisions, methods for
inspection and test, number of samples, accept or reject criteria.
d. Process witness samples shall be stored in controlled conditions.
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5.5.3.2 Special processes
a. The supplier shall establish and implement procedures and controls for
special processes, to ensure that:
1. Special processes are validated for the intended application.
2. Personnel who perform or inspect special processes are trained
and certified according to requirements 5.1.2b.and 5.1.2c
3. Materials, equipment, computer systems and software, and
procedures involved in the performance of the special process are
validated and monitored.
4. Coordination is maintained with the cognizant engineering
function to ensure proper selection of the non-destructive or
destructive methods for the evaluation of process performance.
NOTE Validation of special processes, as mentioned in
item 1, is defined in ECSS-Q-ST-70.
5.5.3.3 Statistical process control

a. Statistical methods for process control should be used for early detection
of significant variations in manufacturing processes, in order to
determine, analyse and eliminate the causes of undesirable variations.
5.5.4 Workmanship standards

a. The supplier shall employ workmanship standards throughout all phases
of manufacturing, assembly and integration, to ensure acceptable and
consistent workmanship quality levels.
b. Workmanship standards shall identify acceptance or rejection criteria.
c. Physical samples or visual aids shall be reviewed and agreed by the
customer when they are used for the purpose of acceptance or rejection of
items.
5.5.5 Materials and parts control

a. The supplier shall ensure that only conforming items are released and
used, and that those not required for the operation involved are removed
from work operation areas.
b. Items having limited-life or definite characteristics of quality degradation
or drift with age or use shall be marked to indicate the dates, test times or
cycles at which life was initiated and at which the useful life expires.
c. Sensitive items shall be processed or manufactured, inspected and tested
in a controlled environment to prevent any degradation.
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5.5.6 Equipment control
5.5.6.1 Tooling
a. The supplier shall make provisions for accountability, identification and
maintenance of manufacture, assembly and integration tooling.
b. Manufacture, assembly and integration tooling shall be checked for its
dimensional accuracy, regarding the product drawings, and correct
function.
c. The QA organization shall approve tooling prior to use.
d. The approval shall be marked in conformance with 5.2.4, and recorded.
e. Tools shall be checked for accuracy during the production life at
adequate intervals.
f. Tools shall be submitted to re-approval following modification.
g. Tools shall be properly stored to prevent misuse, damage and
deterioration.
h. Unnecessary tools shall be removed from working areas.
i. Records shall be kept of all manufacturing equipment.
5.5.6.2 Equipment for computer-aided manufacturing

a. The supplier shall ensure that computer-aided techniques and data for
processing and machining are validated prior to use and controlled
during their use in manufacturing.
b. The supplier shall ensure that provisions are made for the testing,
approval and configuration control of the software involved and
prevention of its being tampered with.
5.5.7 Cleanliness and contamination control
5.5.7.1 General
a. The supplier shall establish controls for cleanliness of spacecraft
hardware and facilities, and the limitation of sources of contamination.
NOTE Cleanliness and contamination control methods
and processes are detailed in ECSS-Q-ST-70-01.
5.5.7.2 Cleanliness levels

a. Contamination-sensitive items shall be cleaned, controlled and
maintained to the required cleanliness levels.
b. The required cleanliness levels for all levels of flight hardware shall be
indicated on drawings, specifications, procedures, or other documents
controlling the manufacture, assembly, integration and test of the items.
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5.5.7.3 Cleaning materials and methods
a. The supplier shall develop detailed methods for attaining the cleanliness
levels specified for the hardware.
5.5.7.4 Contamination control

a. Contamination shall be minimized by operating in clean working areas
and by proper handling, preservation, packaging and storage.
b. Contamination-sensitive items fabricated or processed in contamination-
controlled environments shall be inspected, tested, modified or repaired
in identical or cleaner environments, unless specific precautions are taken
to protect the items concerned from contamination.
c. Specific protection measures, such as protective dust covers, shall be
implemented to protect contamination-sensitive items when they are
integrated in a higher level of assembly.
5.5.7.5 Cleanliness of facilities

a. Fabrication, assembly and integration of contamination sensitive items
shall be conducted in facilities that provide cleanliness levels compatible
with the specified product cleanliness.
5.5.8 Inspection
a. Inspection and tests shall be planned at the points of the manufacturing,
assembly and integration flow where maximum assurance for correct
processing and prevention of unrecoverable or costly nonconformances
can be obtained.
b. All identified critical characteristics shall be inspected as defined in the
critical-item control programme.
c. Self-inspection by the operators performing the associated
manufacturing, assembly and integration activities shall not be
considered sufficient for critical characteristics.
d. Among the inspections and tests as part of the manufacturing, assembly
and integration flow, mandatory inspection points (MIPs) shall be
performed with participation of the customer.
e. MIPs shall be agreed with the customer on the basis of a list prepared by
the supplier.
NOTE This list may be part of another deliverable
document.
f. MIPs shall be selected in accordance with the criteria as defined below,
when one or more of the following conditions apply:
1. When maximum visibility of quality is given.
2. When critical processes are performed.
3. Where the next step of the manufacturing sequence:
(a) is irreversible, or
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(b) makes the item difficult and costly to disassemble for
inspection, or
(c) renders the location inaccessible for inspection.
4. When the item, once installed in the next higher assembly damages
by its failure the higher assembly.
5. When previous failure history of the item indicates a need for
inspection.
6. When a potential adverse impact on the properties and integrity of
the end product could result, owing to the criticality or complexity
of the manufacturing step.
7. When testing or critical inspections cannot be accomplished by the
supplier.
NOTE For example, environments or test equipment
not available at supplier’s facility.
8. When verification tests are destructive in nature and the quality
cannot be verified solely by inspection or test at the supplier’s
facility.
9. When manufacturing and AIV of complex equipment or
subsystems is planned.
NOTE For example, for payloads.
10. When past performance or quality history of the lower level
supplier is marginal.
11. When an item is going to final inspection.
g. Criteria 5.5.8f.7 to 10 shall be considered together with the criticality and
complexity of the supplies and the supplier’s experience with the lower
level supplier.
h. A MIP shall require an invitation with the agreed notice before the event,
and the participation of the customer, or their written agreement to
proceed without their participation.
i. The supplier shall make provisions for a positive identification of the
inspection and test status of any items at any stage of the manufacturing,
assembly and integration cycle, starting from the incoming inspection up
to shipping of the end item.
j. MIP information shall include as a minimum:
1. Purpose and subject of the inspections,
2. Criteria for the selection,
3. Notification period,
4. MIP identifier,
5. MIP description,
6. Reference of procedures necessary to perform the MIP, and
7. MIP location in the manufacturing and Inspection flow chart or the
AIV flow chart.
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5.5.9 Specific requirements for assembly and

integration
5.5.9.1 Control of temporary installations and removals
a. The supplier shall ensure the control of flight items which are
temporarily removed or non-flight items which are temporarily installed
to facilitate assembly, integration, testing, handling or preservation of the
end item.
b. The control shall be initiated upon installation or removal of the first
temporarily installed or removed item and be maintained through
delivery and use of the end item.
c. The supplier shall establish and maintain records of temporary
installations and removals.
d. Temporarily installed items shall be accounted for to prevent their being
incorporated in the final flight configuration.
NOTE Temporary installations and removals are also
called respectively, red tag items and green tag
items.
5.5.9.2 Logbooks
a. The supplier shall prepare and maintain system, subsystem and
equipment logbooks in conformance with the DRD in Annex C for all
operations and tests performed on the item.
b. Equipment logbooks shall start with the first test after assembly.
c. Subsystem and system logbooks shall follow-on from the individual
equipment logbooks to form a full record.
d. The logbook shall accompany the hardware whenever it is placed in the
custody of another organization
e. The receiving organization shall maintain the logbook up-to-date.
5.5.10 Manufacturing, assembly and integration

records
a. The supplier shall establish and maintain manufacturing, assembly and
integration records to provide all manufacturing, assembly, integration
and inspection data required for traceability.
5.5.11 Electrostatic discharge control (ESD)

a. The supplier shall establish and maintain an ESD protection programme
during the design, manufacture, test and storage/transport of flight
hardware.
b. The supplier shall provide an ESD control plan in conformance with EN
61340-5-1 or ANSI-ESD S20.20.
NOTE ANSI-ESD S20.20 is the US equivalent of EN
61340-5-1.
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5.6 QA requirements for testing
5.6.1 Test facilities

a. The supplier shall ensure that test facilities, either internal or external,
conform to specified requirements.
5.6.2 Test equipment

a. The supplier shall ensure that computer-aided testing techniques and
data are validated prior to use and controlled during their use in testing.
b. The supplier shall ensure that provisions are made for testing, approval
and configuration control of the software involved and prevention of its
being tampered with.
c. The supplier shall ensure that test equipment are designed such that their
correct operation can be verified without having to apply them to the test
item.
5.6.3 Test documentation
5.6.3.1 Test procedures

a. The supplier shall ensure that tests are performed in accordance with
documented procedures.
NOTE Test procedure DRDs are defined in ECSS-E-
ST-10-03.
b. The QA organization shall review and approve test procedures.
5.6.3.2 Test reports

a. The supplier shall ensure that all tests are comprehensively documented
in test reports, and that they include, as a minimum:
1. reference to the applicable test procedure, and description of the
deviations from it during the actual testing,
2. test data records and evaluation, and
3. summary of test results.
b. The QA organization shall review and approve test reports.
5.6.4 Test performance monitoring

a. On the basis of an analysis of the test plan, the QA organization shall
define within the test plan the way to monitor the performance of test
activities, to ensure the adherence to the test procedures, and that any
deviations are properly documented and treated.
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b. Test witnessing by QA personnel shall be considered when manual
intervention is performed, at the setting-up, start and end of continuous
fully automated test sequences, or when no automatic recording of test
parameters or results is available.
c. All testing activities related to critical characteristics as identified in the
critical-items control programme shall be verified by QA.
d. Self-verification by the operators performing the test activities shall not
be considered sufficient for critical characteristics.
e. Testing activities or results to be subject to QA verification shall be
identified as such in the relevant test procedure.
f. Testing shall be subject to the requirements for the control of hazardous
operations.
NOTE Definition of hazardous operations is given in
ECSS-Q-ST-40.
g. Where safety of personnel or damage to items or associated test
equipment is possible, QA personnel shall have the authority to stop the
test.
5.6.5 Test reviews

a. The supplier shall ensure that reviews are performed before and after
defined points during qualification or acceptance tests.
NOTE 1 Test Reviews are defined in ECSS-E-ST-10-03.
NOTE 2 Reviews before tests are called Test Readiness
Reviews and reviews after tests are called Post
Test Reviews or Test Review Boards.
b. The QA organization shall be represented in the formal boards
established for the review of readiness for testing and testing
accomplishment.
5.7 QA requirements for acceptance and delivery
5.7.1 Acceptance and delivery process

a. The supplier shall establish a formal acceptance process for all
deliverable items, at any contractual level, to ensure that conformance of
the items to be delivered is fully assessed and documented.
b. The supplier shall ensure that the preparation of the items for delivery
and the physical delivery itself are performed in such a way that
degradation is prevented.
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5.7.2 End item data package

a. The supplier shall provide an EIDP for each deliverable end item in
conformance with the DRD in Annex B.
b. The EIDP shall constitute the basis for formal acceptance reviews.
c. EIDPs shall be maintained and integrated into higher level EIDPs during
subsystem or system integration and testing.
5.7.3 Delivery review board (DRB)

a. The supplier shall ensure that a DRB is convened prior to the delivery of
equipment, separately assembled subsystems, test equipment or
handling equipment for higher level activities.
b. The DRB functions at system level shall be fulfilled by the final
acceptance review and chaired by the customer.
c. The DRB shall be composed, at least, of the following members:
1. Representatives of the receiving organization:
(a) Project manager, or authorized representative, as chairman;
(b) PA manager, or authorized representative;
(c) Engineering or design manager, or authorized
representative.
2. Submitting supplier’s representatives:
(a) Project manager, or authorized representative;
(b) PA manager, or authorized representative;
(c) Engineering or design manager, or authorized
representative.
3. Higher level customers’ representative(s), as observers (not
required for separate subsystems).
d. If the final customer reserves the right to attend DRBs at any lower level
as an observer, he shall be given due notice of such a DRB meeting.
e. The DRB shall be responsible for authorising the shipment of the items
under acceptance, and certifying in writing that:
1. the items conform to the contractual requirements and to an
approved design configuration;
2. the items are free from material and workmanship deficiencies;
3. all nonconformances are closed-out, or corresponding plans,
compatible with the delivery, are accepted;
4. the relevant EIDP is complete and accurate.
f. Delivery shall only be authorized by the unanimous agreement of the
DRB members.
g. For the delivery a certificate of conformity, in conformance with Annex
D, shall be made available and signed by the supplier.
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NOTE Certificate of Conformity is also known as
Declaration of Conformity.
5.7.4 Preparation for delivery
5.7.4.1 Packaging
a. The supplier shall ensure that packaging materials, methods, procedures
and instructions provide for protection of items while at the supplier’s
plant, during transportation, and after their arrival at destination.
5.7.4.2 Marking and labelling

a. The supplier shall ensure that appropriate marking and labelling for
packaging, storage, transportation and shipping of items are performed
in accordance with the applicable specifications.
5.7.5 Delivery
5.7.5.1 Shipping control

a. The supplier shall ensure that the items to be shipped from his plant are
inspected before release and found to be complete, adequately preserved
and packaged, correctly marked and accompanied by all the required
documentation.
b. Accompanying documentation shall include the EIDP and, attached to
the outside of the shipping container, the handling and packing or
unpacking procedure and any relevant safety procedures.
5.7.5.2 Transportation
a. The supplier shall make provisions for the prevention of damage to items
during transportation.
5.8 QA requirements for ground support equipment

(GSE)
5.8.1 Design, development and verification

a. The supplier shall ensure that internal design and verification standards
are used or developed corresponding with the techniques to be used and
fitting with the level of complexity of the items to be developed.
b. The supplier shall ensure that development risks are identified and
appropriate back-up solutions are identified.
c. The supplier shall ensure that the verification method and process are
tailored to the:
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1. complexity of the item to be verified;
2. criticality of the function to be implemented by the GSE item;
3. inherent criticality of the item itself.
5.8.1.1 << deleted >>
5.8.1.1.1 << deleted, requirements moved to 5.8.1 >>

a. << deleted, requirement moved to 5.8.1a >>
b. << deleted, requirement moved to 5.8.1b >>
c. << deleted, requirement moved to 5.8.1c >>
5.8.2 Configuration control

a. The supplier shall ensure that GSE is configuration controlled.
5.8.3 Production
5.8.3.1 Procurement
a. The supplier shall ensure that selected GSE suppliers have a
demonstrated ability to conform to requirements, through:
1. previous supply of items similar or more complex in the same field
of techniques and technologies,
2. certification covering similar design, development and production
as applicable for similar items in conformance with 5.4.1.2, or
3. evidence, documented by existing design, development,
production and quality standards, of having similar experience
associated with known success.
b. Procurement documents shall identify validation and receiving
inspection requirements, and conform to the requirements in clause 5.4.2.
5.8.3.2 Manufacturing, assembly, integration and test

a. The supplier and his lower level suppliers should not deviate from their
standard practices when these are already documented and recognized
for similar items.
5.8.4 Acceptance and delivery
5.8.4.1 End item data package

a. The acceptance data package shall include:
1. information regarding interfaces,
2. deviations from contractual requirements,
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3. certification of conformance to an identified baseline,
4. description of the functioning of the item, and instructions to
operate and maintain it, and
5. safety data or safety certification(s).
5.8.4.2 Acceptance
a. Acceptance shall be achieved through a review process.
b. The acceptance process shall include:
1. acceptance plan,
2. inspection and test procedures, and
3. inspection and test reports.
c. Acceptance may be achieved through a simple inspection process if
agreed between customer and supplier.
5.8.4.3 Delivery board

a. The supplier shall propose GSE elements for which acceptance is granted
by a delivery board and agree these with his customer.
b. The delivery board shall include QA representatives from the supplier
and the customer.
5.8.4.4 Delivery
a. The requirements of the following clauses shall be applied to the delivery
of ground items and handling, storage, packing and shipping activities:
1. preparation for delivery, in conformance with 5.7.4,
2. delivery, in conformance with 5.7.5, and
3. handling, storage and preservation, in conformance with 5.2.7.
5.8.5 <<deleted, requirements moved to 5.8.4.2>>

a. <<deleted, requirement modified and moved to 5.8.4.2a>>
b. <<deleted, requirement moved to 5.8.4.2b>>
c. <<deleted, requirement moved to 5.8.4.2c>>

a. <<deleted, requirement moved to 5.8.4.3a>>
b. << deleted, requirement moved to 5.8.4.3b>>

a. <<deleted, requirement moved to 5.8.4.4a.
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5.8.8 General requirements

a. The following requirements shall be tailored in accordance with the
complexity and criticality of the GSE item:
1. traceability requirements in 5.2.5, and
2. metrology and calibration requirements in 5.2.6.
5.8.9 Maintenance
a. The supplier shall ensure that maintenance activities are planned.
b. The supplier shall ensure that maintenance demonstration is performed
in order to prove that maintainability requirements are satisfied in the
real operational environment.
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6
Pre-tailoring matrix per space product
types
The Matrix of Table 6-1 presents the pre-tailoring of ECSS-Q-ST-20C Rev.1 per space product type.
For the terminology and definitions of the space product types see ECSS-S-ST-00-01 which is quoted in 3.1.
NOTE 1 In the matrix, the column “Software” is for consideration in the development
of software, only in the case when the software is not installed in a
hardware. Since “Software product assurance” is covered by ECSS-Q-ST-80,
this document is not applicable to SW PA, and therefore the column
“Software” in the matrix always states “NA”.
NOTE 2 Catalogue Off-the-shelf equipment is off-the-shelf equipment that is
procured from a stock defined in a supplier catalogue. For example, a UNIX
Server is a “Catalogue Off-the-shelf equipment” while a 30 m Antenna can
be an off-the-shelf even it is built on order only.
Definitions of the columns

Column title Description
Applicability There are seven product types, one per column.
status For the column “i” (i = 1 to 8) possible values are:
• “A” when applicable,
• “NA” when not applicable, or
• “Xi” to be decided on a case by case basis, with explanation in column comments
• A* when requirement is applicable with supplementary indications in the
“Comment” column
A requirement is considered applicable for a product type if it is verified on this
product type.
It is possible to have a requirement applicable at various level of product (system,
element, equipment and software)
• If a requirement is verified only at one level, and the information transmitted to
the upper level without any treatment, it will be considered applicable only at the
level it was verified (“ Yes “ in the column where it is verified).
• If a requirement is verified at one level, and also verified at the upper level, it will
be considered applicable at both levels (a “Yes “ in both columns).
Comments The column “Comments” shall be used to explain the rationale for having not decided if
applicable or not.
It shall not be used to modify a requirement but it can provide clarification on specific
conditions for the applicability of the requirement.
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Table 6-1: Pre-tailoring matrix per “Space product types”

Space product types
ECSS req. Space Space Launch Ground Space Launch Ground Software Comments
number system segment segment segment segment segment segment
element and element and element and equipment equipment equipment
sub-system sub-system sub-system
5.1.1a A A A* A A* NA * except for suppliers of catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF
items such as standard laboratory equipment, work
stations,.. , from whom a dedicated QA plan is not
required.
5.1.1b A A A A A NA
5.1.2a A A A A A NA
5.1.2b A A A A A NA
5.1.2c A A A A A NA
5.1.2d A A A A A NA
5.2.1a A A A* A A* NA * the list of criteria in ECSS-Q-ST-10-04 tailored for
applicability to ground products
5.2.2a A A A A A NA
5.2.3a A A A* A A* NA * for items traced as per clause 5.2.5.
5.2.4a A A NA A NA NA
5.2.4b A A NA A NA NA
5.2.4c A A NA A NA NA
5.2.4d A A NA A NA NA
5.2.4e A A NA A NA NA
5.2.4f A A NA A NA NA
5.2.5a A A A* A A* NA * traceability is limited to product level, not to parts
and material
5.2.5b A A A A A NA
5.2.5c A A A* A A* NA * traceability at product level only.
5.2.5e A A A A A NA
5.2.6a A A A A A NA
5.2.6b A A A A A NA
5.2.6c A A A A A NA
5.2.6d A A A A A NA
5.2.6e A A A A A NA
5.2.6f A A A A A NA
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Space product types

5.2.6g A A A A A NA
5.2.6h A A A A A NA
5.2.6i A A A A A NA
5.2.6j A A A A A NA
5.2.6k A A A A A NA
5.2.6l A A A A A NA
5.2.6m A A A A A NA
5.2.6n A A A A A NA
5.2.6o A A A A A NA
5.2.6p A A A A A NA
5.2.6q A A A A A NA
5.2.7.1a A A A A A NA
5.2.7.2a A A A A A NA
5.2.7.2b A A A A A NA
5.2.7.2c A A A A A NA
5.2.7.2d A A A A A NA
5.2.7.2e A A A A A NA
5.2.7.2f A A A A A NA
5.2.7.3a. A A A A A NA
5.2.8.1a A A NA A NA NA
5.2.8.1b A A NA A NA NA
5.2.8.1c A A NA A NA NA
5.3.1.1a A A A A A NA
5.3.1.2a A A A A A NA
5.3.1.3a A A A A A NA
5.3.1.4a A A A A A NA
5.3.2.1a A A A A A NA
5.3.2.1b A A A A A NA
5.3.2.1c A A A A A NA
5.3.2.1d A A A A A NA
5.3.2.1e A A A A A NA
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Space product types

5.3.2.2a A A A A A NA
5.3.2.2b A A A A A NA
5.3.2.3a A A A A A NA
5.3.2.4.1a A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF;
Qualification items related to catalogue OFF-THE-
SHELF are covered at a higher level.
5.3.2.4.1b A A A* A A* NA * Qualification plan can be included into another
document
5.3.2.4.1c A A A A A NA
5.3.2.4.1d A A A* A A* NA * Qualification results can be included into another
document
5.3.2.4.2a A A A A A NA
5.3.2.4.2b A A A A A NA
5.3.2.4.2c A A A A A NA
5.3.2.4.2d A A A* A A* NA * for ground products point 4 is NA since no Log Bok
is required
5.3.2.4.3a A A A A A NA
5.3.2.4.3b A A A* A A* NA * "Flight" hardware is replaced by "operational"
product.
5.3.2.4.4a A A A* A A* NA * The supplier reports the qualification status without
QSL.
5.3.2.4.5a A A A A A NA
5.3.2.5a A A A A A NA
5.4.1.1a A A A A A NA
5.4.1.2a A A A A A NA
5.4.1.2b A A A A A NA
5.4.1.3a A A A A A NA
5.4.1.3b A A A A A NA
5.4.2a A A A A A NA
5.4.2b A A A A A NA
5.4.2c A A A A A NA
5.4.2d A A A A A NA
5.4.3a A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
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Space product types

5.4.3b A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
5.4.3c A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
5.4.3d A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
5.4.3e A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
5.4.4.1a A A A A A NA
5.4.4.1b A A A A A NA
5.4.4.1c A A A A A NA
5.4.4.2a A A A A A NA
5.4.4.3a A A A A A NA
5.4.4.4a A A A A A NA
5.5.1e A A A*1 A A*2 NA *1 except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
*2 point 6 and 8 are NA
5.5.1f A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
5.5.1g A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
5.5.2a A A NA A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF;
"Flight" hardware is replaced by "operational" product.
5.5.2b A A NA A A NA
5.5.3.1a A A Xi A XI NA This requirement may be made applicable for series
production
5.5.3.1b A A Xi A Xi NA This requirement may be made applicable for series
production
5.5.3.1c A A Xi A Xi NA This requirement may be made applicable for series
production
5.5.3.1d A A Xi A Xi NA This requirement may be made applicable for series
production
5.5.3.2a A A Xi A Xi NA This requirement may be made applicable for series
production
5.5.3.3a A A Xi A Xi NA This requirement may be made applicable for series
production
5.5.4a A A A A A NA
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Space product types

5.5.4b A A A A A NA
5.5.4c A A A A A NA
5.5.5a A A A A A NA
5.5.5b A A A A A NA
5.5.5c A A A A A NA
5.5.6.1a A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
only applicable to equipment in the critical items list.
5.5.6.1b A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
5.5.6.1c A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
5.5.6.1d A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
5.5.6.1e A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
5.5.6.1f A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
5.5.6.1g A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
5.5.6.1h A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
5.5.6.1i A A Xi A Xi NA For ground products: Requirements of this section are
5.5.8a A A A A A NA
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Space product types

5.5.8b A A A A A NA
5.5.8c A A A A A NA
5.5.8e A A NA A NA NA
5.5.8f A A NA A NA NA
5.5.8g A A NA A NA NA
5.5.8h A A NA A NA NA
5.5.8i A A NA A NA NA
5.5.8j A A NA A NA NA
5.5.9.1d A A NA A NA NA
5.5.9.2b A NA NA A NA NA
5.5.9.2c A A NA NA NA NA
5.5.9.2d A A NA A NA NA
5.5.9.2e A A NA A NA NA
5.5.10a A A NA A NA NA
5.5.11a A A A A A NA
5.5.11b A A A A A NA
5.6.1a A A A A A NA
5.6.2a A A A A A NA
5.6.2b A A A A A NA
5.6.2c A A A A A NA
5.6.3.1a A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
5.6.3.1b A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
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Space product types

5.6.4e A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
5.6.4f A A A A A NA
5.6.4g A A A A A NA
5.6.5a A A A A A NA
5.6.5b A A A A A NA
5.7.1a A A A A A NA
5.7.1b A A A A A NA
5.7.2a A A A* A A* NA * EIDP DRD is tailored for ground systems and in
particular delivery of logbooks and intermediate test
results are not required.
5.7.2b A A A A A NA
5.7.2c A A A A A NA
5.7.3a NA A A A A NA
5.7.3b A A A NA NA NA
5.7.3c A A A A A NA
5.7.3d A A A A A NA
5.7.3e A A A A A NA
5.7.3f A A A A A NA
5.7.3g A A A A A NA
5.7.4.1a A A A A A NA
5.7.4.2a A A A A A NA
5.7.5.1a A A A A A NA
5.7.5.1b A A A A A NA
5.7.5.2a A A A A A NA
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Space product types

5.8.4.2c A A A* A A* NA * except for catalogue OFF-THE-SHELF equipment
A.2.1<1>a A A NA A NA NA
B.2.1a A A NA A NA NA
C.2.1a A A A NA A A NA NA
C.2.1b A A A NA A A NA NA
C.2.1c A A A NA A A NA NA
C.2.1d A A A NA A A NA NA
C.2.1e A A A NA A A NA NA
C.2.1f A A A NA A A NA NA
C.2.1g A A A NA A A NA NA
C.2.1h A A A NA A A NA NA
C.2.1i. A A A NA A A NA NA
D.2.1a. A A A NA A A NA NA
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Annex A (normative)
QA plan - DRD
A.1 DRD identification
A.1.1 Requirement identification and source

document
This DRD is called from ECSS-Q-ST-20, requirement 5.1.1a.
A.1.2 Purpose and objective

The objective of the QA Plan is to describe the activities to be performed by the
supplier to assure the quality of the product and to demonstrate compliance to
the applicable quality assurance requirements.
A.2 Expected response
A.2.1 Scope and content
<1> Introduction
a. The Quality Assurance Plan shall introduce the purpose, objective and
the reason prompting its preparation
<2> Applicable and reference documents

a. The Quality Assurance Plan shall list the applicable and reference
documents in support of the generation of the document.
<3> Quality Assurance management

a. The Quality Assurance Plan shall describe the activities to be applied to
fulfil the applicable quality assurance management requirements defined
in ECSS-Q-ST-20 clause 5.1.
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<4> QA requirements for design and verification

fulfil the applicable Quality assurance requirements for design and
verification defined in ECSS-Q-ST-20 clause 5.3.
<5> QA requirements for procurement

fulfil the applicable Quality assurance requirements for procurement
defined in ECSS-Q-ST-20 clause 5.4.
<6> QA requirements for manufacturing, assembly and

integration
fulfil the applicable Quality assurance requirements for manufacturing,
assembly and integration defined in ECSS-Q-ST-20 clause 5.5.
<7> QA requirements for Testing

fulfil the applicable Quality assurance requirements for testing defined in
ECSS-Q-ST-20 clause 5.5.11b.
<8> QA requirements for acceptance and delivery

fulfil the applicable Quality assurance requirements for acceptance and
delivery defined in ECSS-Q-ST-20 clause 5.7.
<9> Quality Assurance general requirements

fulfil the applicable general Quality assurance defined in ECSS-Q-ST-20
clause 5.3.
A.2.2 Special remarks

a. The response to this DRD may be combined with the response to the
product assurance plan, as defined in ECSS-Q-ST-10.
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Annex B (normative)
End item data package (EIDP) - DRD
B.1 DRD identification
B.1.1 Requirement identification and source

document
This DRD is called from ECSS-Q-ST-20, requirement 5.7.2a.
B.1.2 Purpose and objective

The end item data package is the collection of the data related to the
manufacturing, assembly, integration and test of a deliverable configuration
item which provides the necessary traceability and events record.
The EIDP constitutes the basis to support the acceptance of the product.
The document is built from the beginning of the activity for all relevant
verification levels (i.e. MIP, TRR or TRB).
It is used to perform the TRB or DRB with the customer during the acceptance
review of deliverable hardware.
B.2 Expected response
B.2.1 Scope and content

a. The EIDP shall include the following information and documentation:
1. The DRB minutes
2. The customer acceptance certificate if not covered in DRB minutes
3. Cover page
NOTE An example is given in Annex F.
4. Table of contents
NOTE An example is given in Annex G.
5. Change record
6. The product certificate of conformity in conformance with Annex D.
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7. NCR list and copies of major NCRs
8. ABCL
9. Summary and status of RFDs and RFWs raised and processed on
the product
10. The product logbook
11. Product definition documents to be used for further integration,
testing and operation in higher level assemblies including the
software used to operate the item and the product user or
operating manuals.
12. Procedures to be used for the proper handling of the product after
its final delivery, including procedures for:
(a) packing,
(b) handling,
(c) storage,
(d) transportation,
(e) safety, and
(f) cleanliness.
13. Copies of the product test reports, or as a minimum the list of the
documents with the identification of their location.
14. List of delivered ground support equipment (e.g.: MGSE, EGSE,
FGSE, OGSE) with the reference to their corresponding EIDPs and
software product.
15. List of EIDPs or logbooks of units and subsystem supplied by
lower tier suppliers.
16. List of the loose items and not installed items supplied with the
product.
17. Any additional useful information or data relevant to the product.
NOTE 1 For example, cleanliness certification when
cleanliness is a requirement.
NOTE 2 For example, temporary installed or removed
items when applicable to the product.
B.2.2 Special remarks

None.
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Annex C (normative)
Logbook - DRD
C.1 DRD identification
C.1.1 Requirement identification and source

document
This DRD is called from ECSS-Q-ST-20C, requirement 5.5.9.2a.
C.1.2 Purpose and objective

The logbook is the document in which the data related to the integration and
testing of a configuration item are recorded in chronological order to provide
the necessary events traceability at any time during the programme life cycle,
beginning with the first qualification or acceptance test. It is part of the EIDP
(see Annex B).
C.2 Expected response
C.2.1 Scope and content

a. The logbook cover page shall contain the following:
1. general information,
2. contents,
3. approvals of the relevant authorities (QA, PA, PM), and
4. customer acceptance (if required by the business agreement).
NOTE An example of a logbook cover page is given in
Annex E.
b. The logbook shall contain the “hardware configuration and traceability”
table, which reports all the identification references of single elements
composing the CI.
c. The logbook shall contain the “hardware configuration change and
status” table, which reports for each singe element of the CI all the events
relevant to integration, removal and replacement on the higher level.
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d. The logbook shall contain the summary list of the integration and test
instructions, including for each entry, the action start date, action
performed date and action close-out date shall also be reported.
NOTE Example: shop traveller.
e. The logbook shall contain the summary list of nonconformances with
relevant identification references, issue date, closure dates, and status.
f. The logbook shall contain all the electrical connector (or other limited
cycles items) mate and demate cycles in order to ensure the conformance
with the project requirements.
g. The logbook shall contain the records of total operating hours for each
limited-life element identified in the test procedures.
h. The logbook shall contain, in chronological order, the events related to
the integration and test activities performed on the relevant item (i.e.
system, subsystem, and equipment), including the following:
1. Action requested form, reporting all the operations performed
with the references to the applicable documents or procedures,
start date, completion date and quality inspection stamps.
2. Step-by-step procedures and results, in which copies of the as-run
procedures are included in a suitable format.
3. Procedures variation form, in which copies of modified procedures
(red marked) identified with a procedure variation number and
duly approved by responsible authorities, are included.
i. The logbook shall contain the list of open action or open test at the time
of the product shipment to the customer, test facility or launch pad.
C.2.2 Special remarks

An example of a logbook cover page is given in Annex E.
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Annex D (normative)
Certificate of conformity (CoC) - DRD
D.1 DRD identification
D.1.1 Requirement identification and source

document
This DRD is called from ECSS-Q-ST-20C, requirement 5.7.3g.
NOTE See also Annex B.2.1a.6.
D.1.2 Purpose and objective

The certificate of conformity is the document that declares the conformance of
an end item in all respect with the applicable specification(s), drawing(s) and
requirements of the order.
This document is included in the EIDP to provide to the customer the assurance
that the deliverable item has been designed, manufactured and tested in
accordance with the technical and quality requirements established by the
business agreement and the statement of work.
D.2 Expected response
D.2.1 Content
a. The CoC shall contain the following elements:
1. Title including references to identify the product and the relevant
applicable documents;
NOTE Examples for references are item name, project,
serial number, part number, customer, contract
number.
2. Document no. in accordance with project configuration control
rules;
3. EIDP reference number;
4. Intended use, specifying the item objective (i.e. BB, QM, FM);
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5. Reference of conformity, calling for example the following
documents:
(a) Business agreement requirements: reference number of
design spec., ICD or other contractual documents;
(b) Operational documents: reference number of drawings,
procedures, and electrical schemes;
(c) Deliverable documents: reference number of EIDP,
logbooks, and manuals.
6. Statement of conformity;
7. List of waivers or deviations or other remarks;
8. Full name and function of the signing person(s) authorised by the
issuer’s management to sign on his behalf.
NOTE The number of signatures included is the
minimum determined by the legal form of the
issuer’s organisation.
D.2.2 Special remarks

An example of a CoC is given in Annex H.
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Annex E (informative)
Example of a logbook cover page
Logbook Log No.
General information Model
Sheet 1 of 1
Program Item name Item part no. Item serial no.
Customer Contract no. Log start date Log finish date
Contents:
Section 1 Hardware configuration and traceability Total Sheets
Section 2 Hardware configuration change and status ” ”
Section 3 Shop traveller list (or similar documents) ” ”
Section 4 Nonconformances summary list ” ”
Section 5 Connectors mate and demate ” ”
Section 6 Operating hours log ” ”
Section 7 Log of actions ” ”
Section 7.1 Action requested ” ”
Section 7.2 Additional actions undertaken ” ”
Section 7.3 Step by step procedure and results ” ”
Section 8 Open works ” ”
Date system quality
assurance approval:
Date programme Date PA manager
manager acceptance: acceptance:
Customer acceptance:
Date: Customer
signature
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Annex F (informative)
Example of EIDP cover page
EIDP no.
End item data package
Item description Specification no.
Drawing or identification no. Serial no. Model
CI no. Contract no.
Prepared by: Dept.: Date:
Approved by: Dept.: Date:
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Annex G (informative)
Example of EIDP contents
EIDP contents EIDP no.
Included Vol. no. Remarks
Section 1 Customer follow-up sheet,

DRB minutes, customer acceptance
certificate if not covered by DRB minutes
Section 2 EIDP front sheet and contents
Section 3 EIDP change record
Section 4 Certificate of conformity
Section 5 As-design as-built configuration status
Section 6 Request for waivers and NCR list (NCR,
RFW or RFD) summary. Copy of Major
NCRs.
Section 7 Operation documentation
• Interface drawings
• User or operating manuals
• Operational S/W list
Section 8 Logbook
Section 9 Procedures for e.g. packing, handling,
storage, transportation, safety, and
cleanliness.
Section 10 Test report
Section 11 Ground support equipment (GSE) and
S/W product list
Section 12 EIDPs or logbooks list (SBCOs H/W, GSE)
Section 13 Loose item list (not installed items and
spares)
Section 14 Other data and remarks
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Annex H (informative)
Example of Certificate of conformity
Certificate of conformity
Document no. Project Log
Item name Item part no. Item serial no. Customer code
Customer Contract no. Intended use
Reference of conformity
Contract requirements Operational documents Deliverable documents
Document no. Issue/rev. Document no. Issue/rev. Document no. Issue/rev.
Statement of conformity
It is hereby certified that apart from the deviations or waivers noted in the “Remarks” box below, the
whole of the supplies detailed above, conform in all respects to the specification(s), drawing(s) and
condition(s) or requirement(s) respects to the specification(s), drawing(s) and condition(s) or
requirement(s) of the contract.
Remarks:
PA manager: Date:
Project/ Programme manager: Date:
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Annex I (informative)
QA document requirement list
Table I-1 presents the reviews at which the different issues of the Quality
Assurance documents are expected.
Table I-1: QA document requirement list with respect to milestones
Review
Document
DRD Ref.
Title
MDR PRR SRR PDR CDR QR AR ORR FRR LRR CRR ELR
Quality ECSS-Q-ST-20C
Assurance X X X X Rev.1
Plan Annex A
ECSS-Q-ST-20C
EIDP X X Rev.1
Annex B
Note: EIDP includes logbook (Annex C) and certificate of conformity (Annex D)
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Annex J (informative)
ECSS-Q-ST-20 applicability according to
programme phases
The contents of this informative annex are general guidelines to be considered

in support for the selection of applicable requirements according to the
programme phases.
NOTE During phase A only few documents/
requirements are actually applicable, however,
it is during this phase that the future
standards/requirements applicability to phase
B/C/D/E should be defined. A larger set of
standards can then be called up as reference
documents for phase A while not made
formally applicable.”
Table J-1: ECSS-Q-ST-20C Requirements per programme phase

Phase
Clause Requirement Section
ABCDEF
5 Quality assurance requirements
5.1 QA management requirements
5.1.1 Quality assurance plan X X X X XX
5.1.2 Personnel training and certification X X X X XX
5.2 QA general requirements
5.2.1 Critical-items control X X X X
5.2.2 Nonconformance control system X X XX
5.2.3 Management of alerts X X X X
5.2.4 Acceptance authority media X X X
5.2.5 Traceability X X X X
5.2.6 Metrology and calibration X X X X
5.2.7 Handling, storage and preservation X X X
5.2.8 Statistical quality control and analysis X X
5.3 QA requirements for design and verification
5.3.1 Design rules X X X
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Phase
ABCDEF
5.3.2 Verification
5.3.2.1 General X X X XX
5.3.2.2 Design verification analysis X X X X X
5.3.2.3 Design reviews X X X X
5.3.2.4 Qualification process
5.3.2.4.1 Qualification X X X
5.3.2.4.2 Qualification by similarity X X X
5.3.2.4.3 Qualification testing X X X
5.3.2.4.4 Qualification status X X X X
5.3.2.4.5 Maintenance of qualification X X X
5.3.2.5 Design changes X X X X
5.4 QA requirements for procurement
5.4.1 Selection of procurement sources X X X X
5.4.2 Procurement documents X X X X
5.4.3 Surveillance of procurement sources X X X X
5.4.4 Receiving inspection X X X X
5.5 QA requirements for manufacturing, assembly and integration
5.5.1 Planning of manufacturing, assembly and integration activities and X X X X
associated documents
5.5.2 Manufacturing readiness reviews X X X X
5.5.3 Control of processes
5.5.3.1 General X X X X
5.5.3.2 Special processes X X X X
5.5.3.3 Statistical process control X X X
5.5.4 Workmanship standards X X X X
5.5.5 Materials and parts control X X X X
5.5.6 Equipment control X X X X
5.5.7 Cleanliness and contamination control
5.5.7.1 General X X X X
5.5.7.2 Cleanliness levels X X X X
5.5.7.3 Cleaning materials and methods X X X X
5.5.7.4 Contamination control X X X X
5.5.7.5 Cleanliness of facilities X X X X
5.5.8 Inspection X X X
5.5.9 Specific requirements for assembly and integration X X X
5.5.10 Manufacturing, assembly and integration records X X X X
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Phase
ABCDEF
5.5.11 Electrostatic discharge control (ESD) X X X
5.6 QA requirements for testing X X X X
5.7 QA requirements for acceptance and delivery X X
5.8 QA requirements for ground support equipment (GSE)
5.8.1 Design, development and verification X X
5.8.2 Configuration control X X X X
5.8.3 Production
5.8.3.1 Procurement X X X X
5.8.3.2 Manufacturing, assembly, integration and test X X X
5.8.4 Acceptance and delivery
5.8.4.1 End item data package X X X
5.8.4.2 Acceptance X X X
5.8.4.3 Delivery board X X X
5.8.4.4 Delivery X X X
5.8.8 General requirements X X X X
5.8.9 Maintenance X X X X
66
ECSS-Q-ST-20C Rev.1
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Bibliography
ECSS-S-ST-00 ECSS system - Description, implementation and general

requirements
ECSS-E-ST-10-02 Space engineering - Verification
ECSS-M-ST-10 Space project management - Project planning and
implementation
ECSS-M-ST-10-01 Space project management - Organization and conduct of
reviews
ECSS-M-ST-40 Space project management - Configuration and information
management
ECSS-Q-ST-30 Space product assurance - Dependability
ECSS-Q-ST-40 Space product assurance - Safety
ECSS-Q-ST-60 Space product assurance - Electrical, electronic and
electromechanical (EEE) components
ECSS-Q-ST-70 Space product assurance - Materials, mechanical parts and
processes
ECSS-Q-ST-70-01 Space product assurance - Cleanliness and contamination
control
EN 9100 Aerospace series - Quality management systems - Requirements
(based on ISO 9001:2000) and Quality systems - Model for
quality assurance in design, development, production,
installation and servicing
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Published by: ESA Requirements and Standards Division

ECSS-Q-20A First issue

Change log ................................................................................................................. 3

2 Normative references ............................................................................................. 9

3 Terms and definitions .......................................................................................... 10

4 Quality assurance principles ............................................................................... 14

5 Quality assurance requirements ......................................................................... 16

6 Pre-tailoring matrix per space product types .................................................... 42

Annex A (normative) QA plan - DRD ...................................................................... 51

Annex B (normative) End item data package (EIDP) - DRD ................................. 53

Annex C (normative) Logbook - DRD .................................................................... 55

Annex D (normative) Certificate of conformity (CoC) - DRD................................ 57

Annex E (informative) Example of a logbook cover page .................................... 59

Annex F (informative) Example of EIDP cover page ............................................ 60

Annex G (informative) Example of EIDP contents ................................................ 61

Annex H (informative) Example of Certificate of conformity ............................... 62

Annex I (informative) QA document requirement list ........................................... 63

Annex J (informative) ECSS-Q-ST-20 applicability according to

The following normative documents contain provisions which, through

3.1 Terms from other standards

3.2 Terms specific to the present standard

3.3 Abbreviated terms and symbols

RFD request for deviation

4.1 QA management principles

4.2 General principles

4.3 Design and verification principles

4.4 Procurement principles

4.5 Manufacturing, assembly and integration principles

4.6 Testing principles

4.7 Acceptance and delivery principles

4.8 GSE principles

5.1 QA management requirements

5.1.1 Quality assurance plan

5.1.2 Personnel training and certification

5.2 QA general requirements

5.2.1 Critical-items control

5.2.2 Nonconformance control system

5.2.3 Management of alerts

5.2.4 Acceptance authority media

5.2.6 Metrology and calibration

5.2.7 Handling, storage and preservation

5.2.8 Statistical quality control and analysis

5.2.8.2 Sampling plans

5.3 QA requirements for design and verification

5.3.1 Design rules

5.3.1.3 Inspectability and testability

5.3.2.2 Design verification analysis

5.3.2.3 Design reviews

5.3.2.4 Qualification process

5.3.2.4.2 Qualification by similarity

5.3.2.4.3 Qualification testing

5.3.2.4.4 Qualification status

5.3.2.4.5 Maintenance of qualification

5.3.2.5 Design changes

5.4 QA requirements for procurement

5.4.1 Selection of procurement sources

5.4.1.2 Selection criteria

5.4.1.3 Record and list of procurement sources

5.4.2 Procurement documents

5.4.3 Surveillance of procurement sources