6800&3800 Network Design Guide-A

Document code Product name OptiX OSN 6800&3800
Target readers Product version
Edited by Document version V100R001&R002
OptiX OSN 6800_3800 Network Design

Guide
(For internal use only)
Prepared by: Date:

Domestic Marketing Department & International
Reviewed by: Marketing Department Date:
Reviewed by: Market representative Date:
Approved by: Date:
Huawei Technologies Co, Ltd

All Rights Reserved
OptiX OSN 6800_3800 Network Design Guide Confidentiality Level: Internal
Revision History
Date Version Description Author
2007-5-10 1.00 First draft completed Zhang Jiangrong, Tao Benjin
2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. Page 2 of 53

Table of Contents
1 Part 1Basic Knowledge of Wavelength Division Network Design ........................................... 3
2 Basic Requirements...................................................................................................................... 3
3 Basic Concepts.............................................................................................................................. 3
Part 2 OSN 6800&3800 Network Design Guide......................................................................... 3
1 Basic Knowledge........................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Site Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3
1.2.1 OTM ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.2.2 OADM......................................................................................................................... 3
1.2.3 OLA ............................................................................................................................ 3
1.2.4 ROADM ...................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Network Design Process ...................................................................................................... 3
2 Network Design ............................................................................................................................. 3
2.1 Selection of OSC and ESC................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Calculation of Fiber Attenuation and FIU Insertion Loss ...................................................... 3
2.2.1 Fiber Attenuation ........................................................................................................ 3
2.2.2 FIU Insertion Loss Calculation ................................................................................... 3
2.3 Dispersion Requirements and Dispersion Compensation Rules.......................................... 3
2.3.1 Dispersion Compensation Principles ......................................................................... 3
2.3.2 Dispersion Compensation Rules................................................................................ 3
2.3.3 Band Dispersion Compensation Rules ...................................................................... 3
2.3.4 Hybrid Fiber Transmission ......................................................................................... 3
2.3.5 Using G.652 DCMs to Compensate G.655 Fiber in Special Cases........................... 3
2.3.6 Dispersion Configuration for a 2.5G System.............................................................. 3
2.3.7 Dispersion Configuration for a 5G System................................................................. 3
2.3.8 Deployment of DCMs ................................................................................................. 3
2.3.9 DCM Category and Insertion Loss ............................................................................. 3
2.4 PMD Principles and DGD Calculation .................................................................................. 3
2.4.1 PMD Principles and Calculation Method.................................................................... 3
2.4.2 Impact on System from PMD ..................................................................................... 3
2.5 Optical Amplifier Configuration ............................................................................................. 3
2.5.1 Optical Amplifier Categories....................................................................................... 3
2.5.2 Optical Power Budget ................................................................................................ 3
2.5.3 Order of Amplifier Configuration................................................................................. 3
2.5.4 Basic Rules of Amplifier Selection ............................................................................. 3
2.5.5 Amplifier with High Power .......................................................................................... 3
2.5.6 VOA Configuration Principles..................................................................................... 3
2.6 System Design and OSNR Index ......................................................................................... 3
2.6.1 40 × 10G Mesh Networking........................................................................................ 3
2.6.2 Note on 40Gb/s System ............................................................................................. 3
2.7 Power Equalization ............................................................................................................... 3
2.7.1 Power Equalization of a Mesh Network ..................................................................... 3
2.8 Configuring Rules for ROADM Sites..................................................................................... 3
2.9 Configuring Rules for OTUs.................................................................................................. 3
2.9.1 Configuring Rules for Traditional Integrated Line and Tributory OUT ....................... 3
2.9.2 Configuring Rules for Separated Line and Tributary OTU......................................... 3
2.10 ASON Network Design ....................................................................................................... 3
2.11 Positioning Rules for Cards ................................................................................................ 3
2.12 Expansion Rules................................................................................................................. 3
2.12.1 Type of Expansion ................................................................................................... 3

2.12.2 Expansion Details .................................................................................................... 3

2.13 Configuring Rules for Installation Materials ........................................................................ 3
2.14 Configuring Rules for IPA/ALC/APE ................................................................................... 3
3 CWDM Network Design................................................................................................................. 3
3.1 Introduction to CWDM .......................................................................................................... 3
3.2 CWDM OADM Specifications ............................................................................................... 3
3.3 C+D Networking Scheme ..................................................................................................... 3
3.4 Points of CWDM Design ....................................................................................................... 3
2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 4

Page 4 of 53
1 Part 1Basic Knowledge of Wavelength Division

Network Design
2 Basic Requirements
Principle Reference: DWDM Principle at http://3ms.huawei.com

References: OptiX OSN 6800&3800 V100R001 Sales Guide V1.00 and Design Guide at
Guide http://3ms.huawei.com
References: System Description, Hardware Description and Planning Guide
Product knowledge Chinese version: \\info-server\3\04\OptiX\4-DWDM
English version: \\info-server \ 5-EnglishDoc\04-OpticalNetwork \2-OptiX \4-DWDM
3 Basic Concepts
The following lists explanations and definitions of commonly used terms in the
wavelength division network:
Common parameters of optical cables (SMF, LEAF, and TWRS):
Dispersion slope
Attenuation coefficient
Fiber specifications:
Fiber type (such as G.652 and G.655)
Fiber dispersion coefficient (such as 17ps/nm.km or 20ps/nm.km for G.652 fiber, and
4.5ps/nm.km or 6ps/nm.km for G.655 fiber)
ITU-T has defined four types of single mode fibers (SMFs) respectively in: G.652,
G.653, G.654 and G.655.
G.652 fiber is widely used. It is best in performance in the 1310 nm region. It is also
called dispersion unshifted fiber. According to the refractive index profile of the core,
G.652 fiber can be classified into matched cladding fiber and depressed cladding fiber.
They have similar performance. The former is easier to be produced. In the 1550 nm
region, the macro bend loss and micro bend loss are great. The latter has great
connection loss.
G.653 fiber is a dispersion shifted fiber. It is best in performance in the 1550 nm region.
The profile of fiber refractive index can be designed to shift the zero dispersion point to
the 1550 nm window to match the minimum attenuation window of the fiber. It supports
transmission at an ultra high speed and over an ultra long distance.
G.654 fiber is a cutoff shifted fiber. It helps reduce attenuation in the 1550 nm region.
The zero dispersion point is near the 1310 nm region. Thus, in the 1550 nm region, the
dispersion reaches 18ps/nm.km. It must be used with a single longitudinal mode laser
to reduce dispersion. G.654 fiber is used for submarine communication that needs a
long regenerator section.
G.655 fiber is a non zero dispersion shifted fiber. It is similar to G.653 fiber. Near the
1550 nm region, G.655 fiber helps keep certain dispersion. During DWDM
transmission, it avoids four wave mixing. It is suitable for DWDM.
G.656 fiber is a broadband non zero dispersion flattened fiber. Within the working
wavelength, dispersion is greater than the non zero value as required. The effective

area is proper. The dispersion slope is almost zero. G.656 fiber helps lower dispersion
compensation costs. It is also used to provide large bandwidth.
G.656 fiber differs from G.655 fiber in the following ways:
z Bandwidth. The working bandwidth of G.655 fiber is between 1530 nm and 1625
nm, namely, C plus L bands. The working bandwidth of G.656 fiber is between
1460 nm and 1625 nm, namely, S plus C plus L bands. In the future, the working
bandwidth can exceed 1625 nm.
z Dispersion slope. The dispersion slope of G.656 fiber is less than that of G. 655
fiber. It helps lower dispersion compensation costs of the DWDM system.
G.656 fiber is a non zero dispersion shifted fiber (NZDSF). The dispersion slope is
near 0. The working bands are S plus C plus L. In the N × 10 Gbit/s system, G.656
fiber can be used to transmit data for over 4000 km. In the N × 40 Gbit/s system, it can
be used to transmit data for over 400 km. It is better to use G.656 fiber as a
transmission medium for the DWDM or the CWDM system that features:
z Channel spacing: 100 GHz
z Transmission rate: 40 Gbit/s
z Transmission distance: 400 km
Table 3-1 Fiber categories
Category Description
G.652 fiber It is an SMF and an NZDF. Only in the 1310 nm window, the dispersion is zero. Thus, just call it SMF.
G.653 fiber It is a DSF.
G.655 fiber It is an NZDSF, such as Leaf and TWRS.
G.656 fiber For example, TeraLight produced by Alcater
The table below lists typical values of attenuation coefficient, dispersion coefficient,
and PMD coefficient of G.652, G.653, G.655, and G.656 fibers:
Table 3-2 Design parameters
Fiber Typical attenuation coefficient Typical dispersion coefficient
Average PMD coefficient
category (dB/km) (ps/nm.km)
G.652 0.17–0.25 17–20 < 0.2
G.653 0.19–0.25 0 < 0.2
G.655 (Leaf) 0.19–0.25 1–6 < 0.2
G.655 (TWRS) 0.19–0.25 1–6 < 0.2
G.656 0.19–0.25 8 < 0.2
The OSN 6800&3800 V100R001&R00 supports G.652 (SMF) and G.655 (Leaf) fibers.
It does not support G.653 fiber. For details on other optical cables, contact market
technology managers of R&D.

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Part 2 OSN 6800&3800 Network Design Guide
1 Basic Knowledge
1.1 Overview
OptiX OSN 6800 intelligent optical transmission platform
Model: OptiX OSN 6800
OptiX OSN 3800 integrated optical transmission platform

Model: OptiX OSN 3800
The figure belowshows the overall structure of the NG WDM/OTN. The L0 layer is an
optical layer. At this layer, the scheduling solution includes FOADM and ROADM. The
L1 electric layer supports GE service, Any service, and ODU1 signal scheduling. The
L2 electric layer supports VLAN and Stack VLAN switching. The NG WDM V100R001
has been put into commercial use. It supports the functions described above.
V100R002 provides ASON based on GMPLS. It supports automatic discovery of
resources and SLA based on L0.

GMPLS-based control plane
Optical layer: L0 FOADM/ROADM
Processing on the line side
Electric layer: L1 O
T Scheduling on the electric layer
U
Electric layer: L2 Packet
Customer service processing
Figure 1-1 NG WDM system architecture
For major functions and features of the NG WDM, refer to Sales Guide.
1.2 Site Introduction

1.2.1 OTM
In the preliminary phase, to access over 16 waves, use an OTM that contains M40 and
D40. The M40 is an optical multiplexer. The D40 is an optical demultiplexer. Such an
OTM can access up to 40 waves without interrupting services. The figure below shows
its function modules. Note that the OSN 3800 does not support M40/D40 board.

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λ01
OTU01 DCM
λ02
OTU02
OD OA
Optical line interface unit

Customer devices
λn
OTUn
ODF on the line side

SC1
OTU01 λ01
OTU02 λ02
OM OA
OTUn λn DCM MCA
OTU: Optical Transponder Unit OA: Optical Amplifier OM: Optical Multiplexer Unit
SC1: Single Directional Optical DCM: Dispersion Compensation
OD: Optical Demultiplexer Unit
Supervising Channel Unit Module
MCA: Multi-channel Spectrum Analyzer Unit
Figure 1-2 Function modules
To access less than 16 waves, use the OTM that contains an optical add/drop
multiplexing unit. Such an OTM helps lower the costs in the preliminary phase. The
figure below shows function modules of such an OTM:
OA: Optical Amplifier SC1: Single Directional Optical Supervising Channel Unit
OADM unit: Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Unit OTU: Optical Transponder Unit
1.2.2 OADM
The OADM in the OptiX OSN 6800&3800 DWDM system processes optical signals in
the add/drop directions. The OADM that contains M40 and D40 is used in the sites
that process many add/drop services. It is also used to enable flexible add/drop,
pass-through and expansion of services. Two OTMs are inserted back to back. The
figure below shows function modules of an OADM. Note that the OSN 3800 does not
support the M40/D40 board.

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OA: Optical Amplifier OTU: Optical Transponder Unit OM: Optical Multiplexer Unit
OD: Optical Demultiplexer Unit OSC: Optical Supervising Channel Unit MCA: Multi-channel Spectrum Analyzer Unit
The OADM consisting of optical add/drop multiplexing units is deployed on the edge of
a site. The insertion loss is small. The costs in the preliminary phase are low. Within
planned wavelength, expansion is flexible. The figure below shows the function
modules:
OA: Optical Amplifier OSC: Optical Supervising Channel Unit OTU: Optical Transponder Unit
OADM unit: Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing
MCA: Multi-channel Spectrum Analyzer Unit
Unit
1.2.3 OLA
The Optical Line Amplifier (OLA) in the OptiX OSN 6800&3800 DWDM is used in the
optical relay station. The OLA amplifies the optical signals in the add/drop directions.
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OA
Optical
ODF on the Optical ODF on the
line
westbound SC2 line eastbound
interface
line side interface line side
unit
unit
OA
OA: Optical Amplifier SC2: Dual Directional Optical Supervisory Channel Unit
Figure 1-6 OptiX OSN 6800&3800 OLA
Besides the OA board, FIU and SCx shall be inserted in the OLA. The OSN 3800 has
a few slots. Two OSN 3800 subracks are needed to use OAU1 boards for
bi-directional transmission. To lower the costs, preferably use OSN 6800 as an OLA.
1.2.4 ROADM
z ROADM Mux/Demux solutions
At present, the NG WDM supports PLC and WSS. They are ROADM solutions
available to process 40 waves.
1) PLC solution
The PLC is suitable for integrating a lot of components, such as VOA, optical switch
array and AWG. The PLC ROADM integrates 40 waves. Two AWGs are integrated in
the PLC ROADM to carry out Mux and Demux. Between them, one single-dimensional
VOA and 1 × 2 optical switches are deployed. The VOA controls power of optical
signals at different wavelengths. The 1 × 2 optical switches are used to decide how to
control remote electric signals: pass-through or add. Thus, wavelength signals can
pass through channels or added or dropped locally.
1×2
1×2
1×2
…
…
1×2
40
Figure 1-7 PLC ROADM implementation principles
In the PLC ROADM, 1 × 2 optical switches and VOA are used to control wavelength
block, pass-through, and channel selection for add. Use a broadcast selection
structure to control pass-through, which is similar to WB. The drop and continue for
Triple Play is supported on the optical layer. The PLC ROADM is used with the coupler.

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The coupler divides signalS. One channel connects to the PLC ROADM. The PLC
ROADM controls pass-through wavelength and wavelength for add. On one hand,
configure the pass-through wavelength. On the other hand, select and control
add/drop services. Another port of the coupler is used to process add/drop
wavelengths.
The PLC ROADM can be used as an two dimensional ROADM. Compared to WB, it
features high integration. Compared to WSS, it features low costs.
2) WSS solution
Most of WSS solutions are based on MEMS. One grating component demultiplexes
OMS signals into OCh signals at different wavelengths. Different OCh signals are
focused on different MEMS glasses. Reflection angles of the MEMS glasses can be
used to reflect OCh signals to different OTUput ports. Grating component is used at
each output port to multiplex optical signals. Each MEMS component is independently
controlled. Thus, the WSS can reconstruct and configure through which port
wavelengths pass.
1
1
2
3 2
4
…
…
40
9
Figure 1-8 WSS implementation principles
The WSS allows a wavelength to be output from any port. Each port of the WSS can
be used for adding and dropping local wavelengths. The port can also be used for a
multi-directional multiplex section. The WSS can work with another WSS or with a
coupler to construct an ROADM. Three solutions are available: WSS plus WSS, WSS
plus coupler, and coupler plus WSS. Use the MEMS optical switch inside the WSS to
switch wavelength to a port to configure wavelength resources. It is not recommended
to use WSS plus WSS, because the costs are high. The WSS plus coupler enables
colorless add and drop. It simplifies onsite maintenance. Thus, it is well received. In
the coupler plus WSS mode, with OTU multiplexer and demultiplexer, local
wavelengths cannot be added or dropped. The NG WDM does not support coupler
plus WSS. {0>Scheduling model of services on the optical layer

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Multiplexer
Multiplexer
Demultiplexer
Demultiplexer
Transponder
Transponder
Color optical interface

Muxponder
Muxponder
Figure 1-9 Scheduling model of services on the NG WDM optical layer
The NG WDM provides a complete service solution on the optical layer. In addition to
MUX/DMUX, and FOADM, the NG WDM supports ROADM solutions based on PLC or
WSS.
Figure 4 shows the scheduling model of the services on the optical layer in the NG
WDM system. The following distinguishes it from old wavelength division products
produced by Huawei:
¾ MUX/DMUX: Compared to Metro WDM, the NG WDM contains the M40, the D40,
the M40V with the VOA, and the D40V with the VOA. Although the M40V is used,
it is necessary to deploy separate fixed or adjustable attenuators on the Rx side
of Transponder/Muxponder. With the D40V, there is no need to use such
attenuators.
¾ FOADM: The NG WDM provides MR2/MR4/MR8 and expandable MB2 of
DWDM, and CMR1/CMR2/CMR4 of CWDM. Compared to Metro WDM, the NG
WDM provides MR8 and CMR1, but does not provide MB4, SBM2/SBM4, or
OWSP.
¾ OA: The Metro WDM has over ten kinds of OA modules. For the NG WDM, types
of OAs are merged. A common EDFA has three specifications: OAU1, OBU101,
and OBU102. An external backward Raman amplifier is also provided. Merging
OA modules helps simplify configuration and reduce comprehensive
management costs of products. It fails to cover special complicated application
environments.
¾ ROADM: The latest version of Metro WDM support ROADM solutions based on
WB or WSS. Its WSS solution is the same as that supported by the NG WDM.
However, the NG WDM does not support WB based solutions, but PLC based
solutions. In the PLC ROADM solution, 1 × 2 optical switches and VOA are used
to control wavelength block, pass-through and channel selection for add.
Regarding pass-through control, the PLC ROADM is similar to WB. In the PLC
solution, a coupler can be used to perform optical multicast and broadcast. The
MUX of the wavelengths added are integrated. Compared to WB, the PLC can be
used to control added wavelengths. In the PLC ROADM solution, wavelengths
are added or dropped in a parallel structure. Power is not limited when FOADMs

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are subtended. Thus, the PLC is suitable for the HUB node with a lot of
wavelengths added or dropped.
¾ Flexible configuration: Slots of the NG WDM feature powerful compatibility. All
boards on the optical layer, except the boards in small sizes specialized for the
OSN 3800 can be inserted in all IU slots in the OSN 6800. The OSN 6800
provides many slots, but does not provide external OADM subracks in the Metro
WDM. Thus, the OSN 6800 simplifies configuration and management.
1.3 Network Design Process

The figure below shows the process of designing a network with OptiX OSN
6800&3800:
Figure 1-10 Network design flow chart
In this flow chart, the characters in red describe the major parts of network design. The
following will focus on them.

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2 Network Design
2.1 Selection of OSC and ESC

Starting from V1R1, OptiX OSN 6800&3800 supports OSC and Electric Supervising
Channel (ESC).
In the following cases, recommend using the OSC. In other cases, recommend using
the ESC to reduce costs of networking.
1 Customers require separate supervising channels or order wires. The OSC is
able to separate supervising channels from service channels in compliance with
national standards. V100R002 supports order wire.
2 No services are added to or dropped from OLAs in the network.
3 Support the ASON function that is supported in V100R002.
4 ESC cannot be used. (The OSC is also used to provide OWSP and OTN optical
layer management overhead in V100R003.)
Note the following restrictions on using ESC:
1 No services are added to or dropped from the OLA site. The ESC function cannot
be provided by the OTU. Use the DCN network to provide management.
2 If a unidirectional trunk board is used in a relay site, OSN 6800&3800 provides
ESC through two unidirectional trunk boards in paired slots. Note to design the
slots of unidirectional electric trunk boards.
3 When the ESC is used, order wire cannot be provided. At present, order wire
interfaces are on the SCx board.
4 The LWX/LWX2 uses pilot tone modulation technology to provide ESC function.
There are two specifications: with ESC and without ESC. The prices are different.
If the ESC is contained, 1 to 2 dB OSNR shall be cost. The board with 12800
ps/nm module does not support the ESC.
5 To use the electric trunk board for ESC communication, the bi-directional and
paired trunk boards shall be inserted in the paired slots of the subrack.
◆ Additional notes:
For technology details on the ESC, refer to ESC Technical White Paper. For the OTU
boards supporting ESC of the OSN 6800&3800, refer to Sales Guide.
In the DWDM system, one wavelength channel can be added for management. Such
a channel is OSC. For the optical line amplifier unit with EDFA, the EDFA gain region
is between 1530 nm and 1565 nm. The OSC must be on the outside of effective gain
bandwidth, namely, an outband OSC. The region is 1510 nm. The line code pattern of
the supervisory channel is CMI. The optical supervising channel of the DWDM system
should be completely independent from the main channel. The upward signal flow
shows such independence. In the OTM site, supervising channels are accessed in the
Tx direction after multiplexing and amplifying. In the Rx direction, supervising channels
are separated first, and then main channels are pre-amplified and demultiplexed. In
the OLA site, supervising channels are accessed last in the Tx direction. In the Rx
direction, supervising channels are separated out first.
There are two ESC implementation modes for the NG WDM: GCC and pilot tone. For
GCC, supervising information is transmitted through the GCC byte of G.709 frame.
Except LWX/LWX2, all OTUs use GCC. For pilot tone, supervising information is
overlaid to the main services and transmitted with the main services. In the signals of a
transmitter, low frequency sine modulation at low amplitude is overlaid as an identifier.
That is, overlay supervising information on main services for transmission. On the Rx

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side, effectively separate two channels of signals to deliver supervising information

remotely. The LWX/LWX2 use pilot tone.
2.2 Calculation of Fiber Attenuation and FIU Insertion Loss

Before system design, obtain technical parameters from customers. The fiber type
affects dispersion, attenuation, and technology used. It may lead to the failure in
activating and using the system.
2.2.1 Fiber Attenuation

The method of counting fiber attenuation greatly affects system design. The following
defines six rules of counting fiber attenuation, based on bidding documents:
1 The bidding documents detail the model of counting fiber optic lines. For example,
they list the requirements of counting fiber attenuation and margin consideration
rules. In this case, count fiber attenuation as the bidding documents describe.
Formula: Planned attenuation = Result counted based on the model of fiber
optic lines + FIU insertion loss (counting FIU insertion loss both on the Rx and
the Tx sides)
Note: FIU results from our components, which are not considered in the calculation
model.
2 The bidding documents list actual loss of fiber optic lines. Other factors are not
considered.
Formula: Planned attenuation = Actual fiber attenuation (dB) + 3 dB fiber margin
+ FIU insertion loss
3 The bidding documents list the fiber lifecycle value.
Take the fiber lifecycle value as the fiber insertion loss. Just need to consider the
insertion loss of the FIU board.
Formula: Planned attenuation = Fiber lifecycle value (dB) + FIU insertion loss
4 The bidding documents describe actual distances of optical cables between sites
and fiber attenuation coefficient of each section of an optical cable line.
Do not consider extra margin. (Confirm that the fiber attenuation coefficient provided
by customers has included fiber margin.)
Formula: Planned attenuation = Actual distance (km) × Fiber attenuation
coefficient (dB/km) + FIU insertion loss
5 The bidding documents list fiber distance and fiber type except other parameters.
The bidding documents do not describe the fiber attenuation coefficient. Just provide
design parameters according to common fiber parameters. Huawei provides the
following defaults for project evaluation:
Fiber insertion loss: 0.22 dB/km
Fiber aging margin: 3 dB
Attenuation for fiber hop: 0.5 dB/hop (A hop means that fiber passes two
flanges.) If no sites are connected by fiber interfaces for a hop, neglect the
attenuation for fiber hop. Formula: Planned attenuation = Fiber length × 0.22
dB/km + 3 dB (fiber aging margin) + Attenuation for fiber hop + FIU insertion loss
Note: The attenuation coefficient is considered for SMF-28 (G.652) and Leaf (G.655).
6 Definition of a fiber with a short distance:

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If the span of a fiber is less than 40 km and formulas (1) to (4) are not suitable, count in
fiber margin.
Formula: Planned attenuation = Fiber length × 0.22 dB/km 1.5 dB (fiber aging
margin) + Attenuation for fiber hop + FIU insertion loss
Restrictions and notes on sales and networking:

In formulas (5) and (6), Huawei provides related results based on common fiber parameters. To win the
bidding, such results are ideal. When implementing a project, ask front-line product managers to confirm
fiber attenuation parameters with customers to ensure no variance between design parameters and
actual engineering parameters.
2.2.2 FIU Insertion Loss Calculation

Customers will keep certain margins for fiber attenuation no matter which attenuation
formula is used, because aging and maintenance will cause fiber attenuation. Extra
fiber attenuation is counted in based on the digits provided by fiber vendors, design
institute, equipment vendor, or standard organizations. It can be also counted in based
on related theory. Thus, the extra fiber attenuation is a conservative value. As the fiber
production technology grows rapidly, actual attenuation coefficient of fibers decreases.
The fiber attenuation counted based on old standards and experience is more
conservative. Experienced operators may obtain a relatively correct fiber attenuation
value, and thus reduce costs of purchasing devices. Fiber attenuation margin is
counted in during network design. In deployment, debugging is performed based on
actual fiber attenuation. Thus, during network test and acceptance, the Rx OSNR is
greater than the network design value. It does not show the impact from FIU.
Follow the rules below to count in FIU insertion loss during network design:
1 The typical insertion loss of receiving and transmitting a pair of FIUs is less than
1 dB. The average insertion loss is 0.7 dB. The actual output power of an
amplifier is 0.1 dB greater than the index value. Thus, the typical FIU insertion
loss value can be counted as 0.9 dB during network design.
2 In the project where regenerators shall be used to make up FIU insertion loss,
ask customers about attenuation margin. If the margin is no less than 3 dB,
neglect FIU insertion loss during power calculation. If the margin is less than 3 dB
or uncertain, count the FIU insertion loss as 0.6 dB/pair. The mean insertion loss
of a pair of FIU boards is 0.7 dB. The optical power margin of an amplifier is 0.1
dB. Thus, the FIU insertion loss is 0.6 dB (0.7 dB – 0.1 dB). If customers do not
count in insertion loss of the FIU, count the FIU insertion as 0.6 dB.

1 In the network design documents provided to customers, fiber attenuation value shall include fiber
attenuation and margin required by customers, but not include FIU insertion loss.
2 It is better to use the mean FIU insertion loss value.
3 The focus on fiber attenuation and FIU insertion loss aims to avoid a poor OSNR value caused by
rough calculation. Poor OSNR will lead to the replacement or addition of regenerators or the
replacement of OTU code pattern. Example: An operator requires that the minimum OSNR of
NRZ OTU(AFEC) is 18 dB. During network design, fiber attenuation and FIU insertion loss are not
counted in carefully. Based on the calculation, the regenerator OSNR is 17.8 dB. To fit the
operator needs, use the OTU with RZ code pattern or the NRZ regenerator. By doing so, network
costs are high.

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2.3 Dispersion Requirements and Dispersion Compensation

Rules
2.3.1 Dispersion Compensation Principles
A common fiber has a positive dispersion and a positive dispersion slope. The
dispersion compensation module (DCM) provided by Huawei has a negative
dispersion and a negative dispersion slope. It is a special fiber, namely, DCF. Currently,
Huawei provides two kinds of DCM modules respectively suitable for G.652 (SMF) and
G.655 (LEAF). Huawei provides LEAF DCM for the G.655 fiber. LEAF fiber is one kind
of G.655 fibers and commonly used. Today, such a DCM is called G.655 DCM. If a
DCM is used for the compensation of a corresponding fiber, DCM compensation
parameter almost matches with fiber length (kilometers). To facilitate calculation, count
the number of DCMs based on compensation kilometers instead of dispersion quantity
(ps/nm).
Note: The OTU dispersion tolerance is decided by the transmitter, a laser.
Parameter values for calculation:
The typical dispersion coefficient of a G.652 SMF with long wavelength is 17 ps/nm.km.
(When OTU dispersion tolerance is converted to dispersion limit, select the fiber
dispersion value as 20 ps/nm.km. The dispersion tolerance is 800 ps/nm. The distance
is 40 km.) The typical dispersion coefficient of a G.655 SMF with long wavelength is
4.5 ps/nm.km. (When OTU dispersion tolerance is converted to dispersion limit, select
the fiber dispersion value as 6 ps/nm.km.)
If a single wave is transmitted through a G.652 fiber at 10 Gb/s, the dispersion limit is
40 km (800 ÷ 20) instead of 47 km (800 ÷ 17). In mainland China, the dispersion limit is
35 km (700 ÷ 20). In general, a single span exceeds 40 km. Thus, it is necessary to
compensate dispersion. If a single wave is transmitted through a G.655 fiber at 10
Gb/s, the dispersion limit is 130 km (800 ÷ 6). In mainland China, the dispersion limit is
115 km (700 ÷ 6). Thus, it is necessary to compensate dispersion for a long distance.
Consider the following when compensating dispersion:
1 OTU dispersion tolerance
2 Margin for engineering (G.652: 10 km to 30 km; G.655; 38 km to 113 km)
Formula:
L (DCM) dispersion compensation distance = Transmission distance (L) – OTU
dispersion limit + Margin for engineering
Example: A G.652 fiber is in length of 100 km. The compensation is counted as
follows:
L (DCM) = Transmission distance – OTU dispersion limit + Margin for engineering =
100 km – 40 km + (10–30 km) = 70–90 km
Thus, configure a 80 km-DCM for compensation.

Page 12 of 53

1 Huawei OTU dispersion tolerance indexes provided to customers mislead us. The internal module
specifications are defined according to dispersion limit. Then, count the dispersion limit based on
20 ps/km (G.652). For example, the tolerance of a 2.5 G module in length of 640 km is 12800 ps.
In fact, the module tolerance is less than 12800 ps. Based on 17 ps/nm, the dispersion of a 640
km module is about 10880 ps. Huawei can provide such tolerance. Huawei R&D tests
transmission performance according to distance limit. Do not count dispersion limit of Huawei
modules based on 12800 ps and 17 ps/nm.
2 Although it is not proper to define tolerance indexes, it is advantageous. It is available to design a
network based on 20 ps/nm, we can say Yes.
2.3.2 Dispersion Compensation Rules

1 The DCM is not added to the Tx side of the OTM, but to the Rx side.
Select DCMs based on fiber type. A single span can be 100% compensation or under
compensation. Currently, the NG WDM provides an NRZ module only. The end-to-end
dispersion requirement is shown in the following table.
Table 2-1 Compensation solution to 10G NRZ module
Residual Range under compensation (km)
OTS span OSNR penalty (dB) OSNR tolerance (dB) dispersion range
(ps/nm) G.652 G.655
> 10 1.5 16 700~1800 35-90 70~180
2.5 17 500~2100 25-105 50~210
4.5 19 100~2100+ 5-105+ 10~210
5-9 1.5 15.5 300~1000 15-50 30~100
2.5 16.5 100~1200 5-60 10~120
4.5 18.5 -600~2200 -30~110 -60~220
<5 1.5 15.5 -600~600 -30-30 -100~100
2.5 16.5 -800~800 -40-40 -120~120
4.5 18.5 -1200~1200 -60~60 -150~150
The 10G ODB module’s OSNR tolerance is 18dB without compensation, the
corresponding residual dispersion range is 0~4800ps. When dispersion
compensation provided, can support 1500km transmission without electrical
regenerator, OSNR tolerance is 16dB, the corresponding residual dispersion range
is -2000~3000ps.
2 Adjust dispersion topology to reduce the number of amplifiers. For example, to

ensure end-to-end dispersion compensation, make more spans with great loss
under compensation, and thus lowers specifications and number of optical
amplifier boards. At the same time, make more spans with little loss under
compensation.
The NG WDM V100R003 will support 40G OTU and 10G DRZ modules. The residual
dispersion of 40G OTU and DRZ does not exceed 400 ps and the range under
compensation is smaller than that of NRZ. During network construction in the
preliminary phase, if 40G and DRZ may be expanded later, consider the networking
with multiple codes for dispersion compensation. The rule is to ensure that all services

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can be transmitted over the current and the future networks and costs of network
construction are low. Follow the principles below:
¾ If the volume of 40G and DRZ services exceed five waves and OSNR value of
10G NRZ is greater than 18.5 dB, design dispersion compensation as accurate
as possible and control residual dispersion of 16-level spans within 0 to 400 ps.
This method does not consider OSNR tolerance of the NRZ. The OSNR
tolerance shall reach over 18.5 dB. This method helps expand 40G and DRZ and
controls relay costs of NRZs.
¾ If the volume of 40G and DRZ is less than five waves or the OSNR value of the
10G NRZ is less than 18.5 dB, design dispersion compensation according to the
10G NRZ under-compensation solution described above. During later expansion,
add DCMs to the front of 40G and DRZ OTU for compensation. This method
does not increase relay costs of 10G NRZs or costs of DCMs for expansion.
However, extra DCM insertion loss is caused after optical amplification.
Analyze and compare comprehensive costs during network design. The major point is
to compare prices of new DCMs and NRZs. In addition, we shall consider customer
wishes to decide a final solution.
2.3.3 Band Dispersion Compensation Rules

Currently, the NG WDM system does not support band dispersion compensation. To
deploy dispersion compensation for bands, contact Market Technology Department.
2.3.4 Hybrid Fiber Transmission

Dispersion of the hybrid fiber is compensated based on the compensation rules of
each fiber. The dispersion of the SMF-28 fiber is compensated according to the rule of
-10 to +10 km residual dispersion. When counting residual dispersion of the Leaf fiber,
convert the SMF-28 fiber length into the length of the Leaf fiber at the ratio of 1:4. Then,
add the residual dispersion of the Leaf fiber. The total residual dispersion is within that
of the Leaf fiber.
2.3.5 Using G.652 DCMs to Compensate G.655 Fiber in Special Cases

Use G.652 DCMs to compensate the G.655 fiber at the ratio of 1:4. Because the G.652
fiber and the G.655 fiber differ in dispersion slope, G.652 DCMs do not help to form the
same dispersion curve as that formed by the G.655 fiber.
Using G.652 DCMs to compensate the G.655 fiber may lead to poor dispersion match.
This method is restricted by distance. Details are as follows:
1 The distance is no more than 400 km. Use G.652 DCMs to compensate the
G.655 fiber at the ratio of 1:4. Pay attention to even dispersion compensation. It is
better to use DCM-A and DCM-B instead of the DCM with large capacity. On the
Rx side, keep 10 km to 60 km G.655 fiber under compensation.
2 The distance is between 400 km and 550 km. For the fiber within 400 km, follow
the rule above. For the fiber that exceeds 400 km, use G.655 DCMs for
compensation. In addition, count in 1 dB OSNR penalty. On the Rx side, keep 10
km to 60 km G.655 fiber under compensation.
Example: The multiplex section is in length of 530 km. Use G.652 DCMs to
compensate the fiber for 400 km. Then, deploy G.655 DCMs to compensate the fiber
for the following 100 km. Finally, leave the last 30 km fiber under compensation.

Page 14 of 53
3 The distance exceeds 550 km. Use G.655 DCMs for compensation and keep the
system under compensation. On the Rx side, keep 10 km to 60 km G.655 fiber
under compensation of residual dispersion.

1 In the network that will support a single wave at 40 Gb/s, using G.652 DCMs for compensation will
lead to uneven dispersion. Because 40 Gb/s service requires dispersion strictly, 40 Gb/s service
cannot be supported in such a network. For any question, discuss with market technology
managers. (Currently, the NG WDM V1R1 does not support the 40G system.)
2 In the system with Super DRZ (provided in V100R003), do not use G.652 DCMs to compensate
dispersion of the G.655 fiber.
2.3.6 Dispersion Configuration for a 2.5G System

The dispersion tolerance of the 2.5 Gbit/s OTU can reach up to 12800 ps/nm. Perform
calculation according to the G.652 fiber. For the multiplex section less than 640 km,
there is no need to compensate dispersion.
For the multiplex section longer than 640 km, compensate dispersion. In addition,
consider system margin. In general, for the multiplex section longer than 600 km,
compensate dispersion.
2.3.7 Dispersion Configuration for a 5G System

The dispersion tolerance of the 5 Gbit/s OTU can reach up to 6400 ps/nm. Perform
calculation according to the G.652 fiber. For the multiplex section less than 320 km,
there is no need to compensate dispersion.
For the multiplex section longer than 320 km, compensate dispersion. In addition,
consider system margin. In general, for the multiplex section longer than 300 km,
compensate dispersion.
2.3.8 Deployment of DCMs

1 By default, DCMs are deployed in the OAU1 tap on the Rx side. On the
OTM/OADM Rx side, if Rx optical power minus DCM insertion loss is within the
working range of back-end amplifiers, such as OAU and OBU, deploy DCMs
module in the front of the OAU/OBU.
2 The Rx optical power of the OAU/OBU shall be no less than -32 dBm. In the case
of a long span, if Rx optical power is less than -32 dBm, use CRPC to pre-amplify
optical signals, and then use the OAU/OBU to amplify the signals. Finally, deploy
DCMs in the order of CRPC, OAU, DCM, then, OAU/OBU. The DCMs can be
deployed in the tap of the OAU.

1 The diameter of a DCM is small. Its non-linear effects are greater than those of a common fiber.
The optical power of a single wave received by the DCM cannot exceed -3 dBm. If not, adjust the
DCM position or add an attenuator.
2.3.9 DCM Category and Insertion Loss

The DCM insertion loss is decreased as technologies are developed. The insertion
loss values of DCMs in this document are counted in based on typical values of each

Page 15 of 53
condition. The less the DCM insertion loss, the smaller specification of the DCM is.
The decrease of the DCM insertion loss reduces the switching from the OBU to the
OAU. It helps lower costs of amplifiers and raise OSNR values.
Table 2-2 DCM-G.652M parameters
DCM specifications Typical insertion loss of DCMs DGD values of DCMs
DCM(S)-for G.652 < 2.3 < 0.3
DCM(T)-for G.652 < 2.8 < 0.3
DCM(A)-for G.652 < 3.1 < 0.4
DCM(B)-for G.652 < 4.5 < 0.5
DCM(C)-for G.652 < 5.8 < 0.6
DCM(D)-for G.652 < 7.1 < 0.7
DCM(E)-for G.652 < 8.2 < 0.8
DCM(F)-for G.652 <9 < 0.8
SS-DCM(3)-G.652 <2 < 0.3
SS-DCM(2)-G.652 <2 < 0.3
SS-DCM(1)-G.652 <2 < 0.3
Table 2-3 DCM-LEAF parameter

DCM(A)-for G.655 Leaf < 3.7 < 0.4
DCM(B)-for G.655 Leaf < 4.5 < 0.5
DCM(C)-for G.655 Leaf < 5.5 < 0.7
DCM(D)-for G.655 Leaf < 6.3 < 0.8
DCM(E)-for G.655 Leaf < 7.6 < 0.9
DCM(F)-for G.655 Leaf < 8.2 < 0.9
Table 2-4 DCM-TWRS parameter

DCM(A)-for G.655 TWRS < 1.9 < 0.27
DCM(B)-for G.655 TWRS < 2.4 < 0.32
DCM(C)-for G.655 TWRS < 2.9 < 0.35
DCM(D)-for G.655 TWRS < 3.4 < 0.39
DCM(E)-for G.655 TWRS < 3.8 < 0.43
DCM(F)-for G.655 TWRS < 4.3 < 0.46

1 SS-DCM(20)-C-G.653: The digit bracketed indicates that the DCM specification is 20 km. This
DCM contains the SMF-28 fiber and the dispersion is positive. Its maximum specification is 20 km.
SS-DCM(3)-G.652: The digit bracketed indicates that the DCM specification is 3 km.

Page 16 of 53
2.4 PMD Principles and DGD Calculation

2.4.1 PMD Principles and Calculation Method
In an SMF, the single mode consists of two orthogonal states of polarization. The
non-round symmetry of the fiber causes departure of these two orthogonal states of
polarization, and finally results in PMD. PMD is a statistics concept. According to
statistical distribution relationship, the maximum DGD is three times as much as the
mean DGD. Use the method below to count the mean DGD value.
In general, the engineering design will give out the actual PMD coefficient in unit of
ps/(km)1/2. Based on the PMD coefficient, count the DGD of each optical amplification
section and optical multiplex section.
Formula:
DGD (ps) of each optical amplification section = PMD coefficient of each section (unit:
ps/ km) × L 1/2 (L indicates the length of this section)
DGD (ps) of an optical multiplex section = {Σ[(PMD coefficient of each section
ps/ km ) 2 × (length of this section (km))]} 1/2
Note: When counting the DGD of an optical multiplex section, count the PMD caused
by the DCM. One DCM is counted as a fiber span.
2.4.2 Impact on System from PMD

DGD increases the possibility of inter-symbol interference. The greater the DGD, the
greater the possibility of inter-symbol interference is. It may cost the system. The table
below lists the DGD penalty of the OTU of each code pattern:
Table 2-5 DGD penaltys
Mean DGD (ps)
Network design DGD
Rate + code pattern (Reference value for Maximum DGD (ps)
OSNR penalty (dB)
design)
DGD<=5 DGD <=15 0.5
10G NRZ 5<DGD<=10 15<DGD<=30 1.0
10<DGD<=15 30<DGD<=45 2.0
DGD<=10 DGD <=30 0.5
10G RZ 10<DGD<=15 30<DGD<=45 1.0
15<DGD<=18 45<DGD<=54 2.0
DGD<=10 DGD <=30 0.5
5G NRZ 10DGD<=18 30<DGD<=54 1.0
18<DGD<=22 54<DGD<=66 1.5
22<DGD<=25 66<DGD<=75 2.0
Notes:
1 During network design, the DGD OSNR penalty refers to the penalty based on
the minimum OSNR of the OTU. Another DGD OSNR penalty is the system
OSNR relative to back-to-back OSNR. The DGD OSNR penalty of the system is
0.5 dB greater than the designed DGD OSNR. The difference has been
considered in the minimum OSNR of the OTU during network design.
2 In the table above, the OSNR penalty is counted based on the OSNR provided by
this document. If the OSNRs required by operators are higher than the OSNRs

Page 17 of 53
listed in this document, the difference between them can offset DGD penaltys.
DGD OSNR provided to operators = Designed DGD OSNR penaltys – OSNR
difference (If the result is smaller than 0, the result is 0.)
3 The common PMD coefficient is less than 0.1ps/sqrt(km). Within 1500 kilometers,
the DGD of the line is smaller than 5 ps. During network design, do not consider
extra OSNR penalty in the case of the rate less than 10 Gbit/s.
2.5 Optical Amplifier Configuration

Comparison between A series and B series of OAUs and configuration
recommendations
Typical network configuration example attached
2.5.1 Optical Amplifier Categories

The OptiX OSN 6800&3800 provide four types of optical amplifiers:
y OAU101
y OBU101
y OBU102
y External Raman amplifier CRPC
Every OSN 6800 node can manage up to four CRPC.
Table 2-6 Common amplifiers
Optical
power Total Input optical Have tap or not;
Channel Minimum
Short gain power of a Noise figure
(Full gain input optical Intermediate-stage
name single wave (dB)
wave/single (dB) (dB) power (dBm) attenuation
(dBm)
wave)
≤ 7.7 (gain: 20
dB)
≤ 7.2 (gain: 21
dB)
≤ 6.5 (gain: 22
dB)
≤ 5.8 (gain: 23
dB)
TN11OAU01 20/4 20–31 33 -32–0 -32 Yes; 13 dB–2 dB
≤ 5.3 (gain:
24dB)
≤ 5.2 (gain: 25
dB)
≤ 5.1 (gain: 26
dB)
≤ 5.0 (gain:
27-31 dB)
TN11OBU102 20/4 23 - -32 to -3 -32 ≤ 4.8 No
TN11OBU101 16/0 20 - -32 to -4 -32 ≤ 4.5 No
If the system accesses multiple waves, the total power may exceed -32 dBm. For a
single wave, the power is less than -32 dBm. Ensure the power of each wave is
greater than -32 dBm except in some special cases. For example, in a single span or
on the Rx side where the OSNR meets the requirement, the power of a single wave
can be less than -32 dBm.
Page 18 of 53
To ensure that amplifiers work normally, guarantee the input optical power of the
amplifiers. When Rx optical power is greater than the maximum input optical power,
deploy an MVOA to add attenuation. When counting OSNR, enter the correct Rx
optical power.

The noise figure of an NG WDM amplifier is a typical value. It is consistent with the index after the old
wavelength division product is updated.
2.5.2 Optical Power Budget

In the DWDM system, use an EDFA to compensate the power loss caused by lines
and optical components. The process of power budget is that of configuring an
amplifier. In general, during network design, count fiber loss of the whole link. Based
on the consideration of system margin, roughly configure amplifiers. If there are no
special requirements, count the system margin as 3 dB. After dispersion is configured,
check whether the power margin left by amplifiers to DCMs is enough. If not, adjust
the configuration of amplifiers.
S R
AO BO
P P
out in
L
Repeater section loss principle

As shown in the figure above, the reference point sent by Site A is S. The reference
point received by Site B is R. The distance between S and R is L.
Repeater section loss = Fiber length × a + 1
a: attenuation coefficient in unit of dB/km (Based on ITU-T, the attenuation coefficient
is 0.275 dB/km.)
The default attenuation for a hop is 1 dB. To transmit optical signals for a long
distance, signal power shall be able to offset fiber attenuation. In the 1550 nm window,
the attenuation coefficients of the G.652 and the G.655 fibers are about 0.25 dB/km.
Due to redundancy of optical interfaces and fibers, by default, the comprehensive fiber
attenuation coefficient is 0.275 dB/km.
If customers provide actual attenuation of each section of a fiber optic cable line,
directly add 3 dB to it.
Optical power budget formula:
Tx optical power – Designed line attenuation – DCM insertion loss + Optical
amplifier gain - (ITL insertion loss) – D40 insertion loss > OTU receiver
sensitivity (in an integrated system, it is the sensitivity of the lighting board
receiver.)
For OTU index parameters, count in 3 dB margin. That is, the Rx optical power is 3
dBm greater than Rx sensitivity.
The sensitive indexes of the OTU board described in Technical Index shall serve as
criteria.

Page 19 of 53

In the system with 1+1 OMS optical lines, recommend using 5 dB as the margin. It can ensure that the
system works normally before OLP is switched over. By default, if the difference between powers of an
active channel and a standby channel is 5 dB, OLP is switched over.
2.5.3 Order of Amplifier Configuration

1 A one-stage amplifier is preferable to a two-stage amplifier. For example,
OBU101 and OBU101 are one-stage amplifier. OAU01 is a two-stage amplifier.
2 A two-stage amplifier is preferable to two one-stage amplifiers.
3 An amplifier with common power is preferable to the amplifier with high power.

The total quotation of two OBU101s is cheaper than the price of one OAU1. The OAU1 contains a VOA,
but we need to add a VOA board to two OBU101s for remote gain adjustment. Two OBU101s plus one
VOA board feature poor maintainability. The typical output power of the OBU101 is 0 dB. If the insertion
loss for drop waves is large, for example, in the case of ROADM plus DMUX, add optical amplifiers with
4 dB output power, such as the OAU1 or the OBU102.
2.5.4 Basic Rules of Amplifier Selection

¾ Output power of a single wave from the amplifier on the Tx side in a site:
Reference formula of output power of a single wave: x + 10lg waves = Total output
power (x indicates the output power of a single wave) Suppose the total output power
is 20 dBm. X + 10lg40 = 20, x = 4
For an amplifier with the output power of 20 dBm, the output optical power of a single
wave is +4 dBm. For an amplifier with the output power of 16 dBm, the output optical
power of a single wave is 0 dBm.
For the OBU1, the gain of the amplifier is constant. For the OAU1 with adjustable gain,
the gain is the output optical power of the amplifier minus the input optical power of the
amplifier plus DCM insertion loss. The output power of a single wave of the amplifier
ensures that the optical power received by a lower-level component, such as an
optical amplifier or an OTU, is within the normal working range.
The channel gain concept is used during the selection of a new amplifier.
Channel gain = Output optical power of the amplifier – Input optical power of the
amplifier
1 Total gain (channel gain + DCM insertion loss) ≤ 20 dB: OBU101
2 20 dB < Total gain (channel gain + DCM insertion loss) ≤ 23 dB: OBU102
3 23 dB < Total gain (channel gain + DCM insertion loss) ≤ 31 dB: OAU101
4 31 dB < Total gain (channel gain + DCM insertion loss) ≤ 45 dB: OBU101 +
OBU101 or OBU101 + OBU102
The input optical power of the OAU01 shall be less than –16 dBm.
When two DCMs are necessary for dispersion compensation, deploy a DCM-E
between two optical amplifiers. Deploy another DCM in the tap of the OAU01.

Page 20 of 53
On the Rx sides of the OADM and the OTM, recommend using an independent
OBU101 to save costs.
On the Rx side of a regenerator section, the sum of line attenuation and DCM insertion
loss is greater than the gain of the amplifier. Count power budgets of drop waves and
pass-through waves. If the power budgets and end-to-end OSNRs meet the
requirements, there is no need to switch the amplifier. The power of the drop wave
shall be within the Rx power required by the OTU. For the pass-through wave,
consider equalization and its power input to the amplifier.
Amplifier configuration:
Tx OTM: Configure the OBU1 only. For a long distance, select the OBU102. For a
short distance, select the OBU101. Select a VOA board with a single channel as
required.
Rx OTM: Select the OBU101, the OBU102, the OAU101, or the CRPC according to
the loss of the previous section of the fiber and the insertion loss of the DCM.
OLA: Select the OBU102 or the OAU101 according to the loss of the previous section
of the fiber and the insertion loss of the DCM to ensure that optical power budget and
end-to-end OSNR meet the requirements.
OADM site: Select MR2+(VOA)+OBU102, OBU101+MR2+(VOA)+OBU102,
OAU01+MR2+(VOA)+OBU102, OAU01+MR2+(VOA)+OBU102,
OAU01+MR2+(VOA)+OAU01, or CRPC+OAU01+MR2+(VOA)+OBU102. Select one
mode according to the optical power margin and the Rx sensitivity of the OTU. Ensure
that the optical amplifier can provide the minimum optical power gain required to offer
necessary Tx optical power. Meantime, ensure that OTU can receive signals normally.
In addition, consider the impact after the upgrade to the maximum OADM waves.

The metropolitan area WD network is complicated. The spans are not regular. If the input power and
output power of the optical amplifier are nominal values, the amplifier shall be switched over, and the
amplifier and attenuator shall be added. By doing so, the costs are increased. Recommend designing
the output optical power of the optical amplifier on the Rx side according to the nominal value (0/4 dB).
The amplifier on the Rx side shall meet the power budget of a single wave and end-to-end OSNR.
2.5.5 Amplifier with High Power

The OSN 6800&3800 V100R001&R002 does not support amplifiers with high power.
2.5.6 VOA Configuration Principles

1 The MVOA is a manual variable optical attenuator. If power is not enough, cancel
the MVOA. By default, do not count the insertion loss of the MVOA in. The VOA is
a board that shall access the system. Thus, count in 2 dB insertion loss. VA1/VA4
is a board name. VA4 is an 4-channel electric adjustable attenuator. To
distinguish VOA/VA4(VA1) from MVOA, VOA/VA4(VA1) is called EVOA.
2 VA1/VA4 board
The VOA is used to eliminate the influence from upper-level line attenuation changes
on lower-level power budget. The VOA is an EVOA. Optical signal power can be
adjusted automatically through the network management system. That is, the ALC
function is available. In the N × 10 G system, recommend configuring the
VOA/VA4(VA1) board to provide ALC to maintain system stability. (The OAU01 board
is equipped with a VOA electric module. Add a VOA board to the front of the

Page 21 of 53
OBU101/02. In the mode of OAU01+OBU101/02, can only use the built-in VOA of
OAU1, but if the needed adjusting range excess the OAU1 ability, a VOA board should
be deployed between the OAU01 and the OBU101/02.
The OAU1 board of the OSN 6800&3800 is integrated with an EVOA. When the OAU1
board is configured, an extra VOA board is unnecessary. The minimum insertion loss
of the VOA is 1.5 dB. If the VOA is configured, 2 dB power margin shall be counted in.
The VOA is always used with the OBU1 on the Tx side or the Rx side of the N × 10 G
system. The VA4 is used in the OADM site. The power of two separate signals is
different after they pass the MR2. Use the VA4 board to keep their power equalized. If
the OTU of the add wave cannot adjust power, use the VOA to pre-emphasize the
power of the VOA before signals enter the MR2. To reduce costs, prefer a 2-channel
MVOA.
2.6 System Design and OSNR Index

After amplifiers are configured and DCM insertion loss is counted in, set the optical
power at each point and related parameters. Then, use the OSNR calculation tool to
count the signal noise ratio (SNR). The OSNR calculation tool is released every 3ms.
If you use the WDM Designer to design the network, the OSNR is counted
automatically. Pay attention to whether the SNR is greater than the Rx OSNR
tolerance allowed by the Rx OTU.
The OSNR tolerance is a system index. Dispersion, power and non-linear factors may
cause certain OSNR as dispersion penaltys. Coding technology and system penaltys
shall be considered in the OSNR tolerance.
Table 2-7 ONSR tolerance on the line side of the service board on the electric layer
Designed OSNR tolerance dB (note 1)
Module category Board Remarks
Under Accurate
compensation compensation
LWX/LWX2 21 Not support ESC
2.5G (without FEC)
LWX/LWX2 22 Support ESC
2.5G (with FEC) LDG/LQM 16
5G FEC(3400ps/nm) 22
L4G
5G FEC(6400ps/nm) 20
The result is about the 10G
10G NRZ FEC LSX 20 LAN service in the gain
mapping mode.
The result is about the 16
× 22 dB long fiber with a
10G NRZ AFEC LSX/LSXR/NS2 16 (Notes 2/3/4) fixed module and 35 km to
90 km under
compensation.
To use this module, please
10G ODB AFEC LSX/LSXR/NS2 (To be added)
contact the PDT.
Notes:
1 The PMD penalty has be included. In general, the DGD is more than 5 ps and no
more than 10 ps. Count in 0.5 dB OSNR penalty. When the DGD is more than 10
ps and no more than 15 ps, count in 1.5 dB penalty.
2 The result is obtained from the mock test of the long fiber system of 16 × 22 dB
OTM + 15 × OLA + OTM. Each OLA consists of the OAU1 and the OBU102. The
pre-emphasis is done on the Tx side. The optical power equalization is added to

Page 22 of 53
the eighth level. More performance indexes about spans will be described later.
Most of middle-level devices are OADMs. The OADM penaltys shall be counted
in the OSNR. For 10 to 16 cascading OADMs, count in 1.5 dB penaltys. For 5 to
10 cascading OADMs, count in 1 dB penaltys. For less than 3 to 5 cascading
OADMs, count in 0.5 dB. For the 16-level WSS ROADM, count in 1 dB penaltys.
For the 16-level PLC ROADM, count in 1.7 dB penaltys.
3 The indexes of an adjustable module are better than those of a fixed module. In a
system with an adjustable and a fixed module, design the system according to
the performance of the fixed module. If the system contains adjustable modules
only, the OSNR value can be added to 1 dB. Ten kilometers to eighty kilometers
are under compensation.
4 The 22 dB span loss includes 3 dB fiber margin. If the span loss is the initial fiber
loss, decrease 3 dB. The loss is 18.5 dB.
2.6.1 40 × 10G Mesh Networking

For Mesh networking, focus on the deployment of dispersion compensation and power
equalization site. To design a Mesh network with the WDM system, split it into a simple
chain network or a ring network. Then, count related indexes for each network service.
Ensure that the OSNR, dispersion, and optical power of each service meet the
networking requirements, especially the Mesh network with the WSS/ROADM. To load
an intelligent control plane to support the SLA of the wavelength service, count the
index of each service route. By doing so, ensure that the OSNR, dispersion, and
optical power meet the requirements after wavelengths are rerouted.
1) OSNR: The OSNR values listed in the table above shall serve as the criteria. Pay
attention to the mapping between fibers and OSNRs.
2) Optical power: Focus on power equalization of pass-through OTM sites. You
need not pay much attention to power equalization of OLA sites. If you select the
M40V or the ROADM board to equalize power of OTM sites, follow the rules
below:
¾ If services pass over 10 spans of fiber, ensure that the services pass power
pre-emphasis device on the Tx side or power equalization is available in the
middle site.
¾ When services pass through multiple OTM sites, it costs a lot when the OTM site
contains the M40V boards only. It is better to install the M40s in some OTM sites.
In this case, deploy sufficient fixed attenuators. The OTM sites with the M40
boards as optical multiplexer units (OMUs) are in the Mesh sites. The impact
from such OTM sites is power equalization. To configure power equalization,
convert one OTM site into two OLA sites and count the necessary pre-emphasis
and power equalization.
3) Dispersion restriction:
The Mesh network is split into a chain network or a ring network for configuration.
According to the current dispersion configuration, the chain network and the ring
network meet the requirements of network design. For a Mesh network, count
dispersion of all existing and future services. By doing so, ensure that the links where
all services pass meet the dispersion configuration requirements in Section 3.

In the following two kinds of networks, the wavelength of each wavelength service cannot conflict with
the wavelengths of other services on the reconstructed or rerouted links: Network with the WSS/ROADM
that supports dynamic wavelength reconstruction, ASON network that enables dynamic wavelength

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rerouting through the control plane loaded to the former network. Under extreme conditions, reserve the
wavelength within the whole network. In the network with wavelengths that can be reconstructed and
rerouted, the wavelength utilization decreases. The greater the ability in reconstructing and rerouting,
the lower the wavelength utilization.
2.6.2 Note on 40Gb/s System

The OSN 6800&3800 V100R001&R002 does not support 40G services.
2.7 Power Equalization

2.7.1 Power Equalization of a Mesh Network
In a full-mesh network, OADMs are inserted back to back. The configuration rules and
steps are as follows:
A. Count OSNR budget based on services.
B. Configure the power equalization of the services with a long span and low OSNRs
first. That is, configure the M40V board.
After configuration, many services may share M40V boards. In this case, you can
cancel some M40V boards and need to optimize them. Rules of optimization:
If an M40V board is deployed at a level (including the fourth level) within four
levels from the service start point, the M40V is equivalent to the M40V on the Tx
side. In other words, you need not deploy an M40V on the Tx side.
¾ Exception 1: Follow the optimization rule A. If the M40V on the Tx side is the
equalization station of other services, keep the M40V on the Tx side.
¾ Exception 2: The OTM site contains the services transmitted over different paths.
If one service needs the M40V, configure M40V for the whole site.
¾ Exception 3: Follow the optimization rules A and B. If equalization stations of
long-distance services in multi-directions require the deployment of consecutive
M40V boards, just deploy M40V boards in some sites.
¾ If the rules above do not help to save M40V boards greatly, recommend
configuring all OTMs as M40V boards.
Example of power equalization of a Mesh network:
If you build a Mesh network using the NRZ technology, you need to use the DRZ
technology to expand the system.
Suppose:
¾ C, D, E, and F are consecutive back-to-back OTMs. Each span is 80 km.
¾ Between B and G, and between B and C, respectively deploy one OLA with the
span of 80 km.
¾ If a service is transmitted between J and G, deploy an equalization station in C.
¾ If a service is transmitted between K and H, deploy an equalization station in D.
Optimization method: D can work as the equalization stations between J and G, and
between K and H. It is unnecessary to configure the M40V in the B for the service
transmitted from between B and G. The M40V in D can work to provide equalization on
the Tx side.

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Figure 2-1 Example of power equalization of a Mesh network
The Mesh network is complicated. In general, you cannot cancel all M40V boards. You
can optimize M40V boards based on the analysis of the network, reference to chain
and point-to-point networking.
2.8 Configuring Rules for ROADM Sites

The NG WDM provides three types of ROADM sites, namely
z ROADM made of WSD9 and WSM9 boards
With the WSS-based multidimensional ROADM module, the OSN 6800 is capable of
fully dynamic wavelength add/drop within a ring. It also supports expansion among
rings and allows optical wavelength add/drop of up to eight dimensions.
The WSD9 board is primarily used to achieve dynamic configurable demultiplexing of
any wavelength to any port. At any node on a ring or chain network it is possible to
combine any wavelength, output it and assign any output wavelength to any port, thus
accomplishing fully dynamic assignment of wavelength.
The WSM9 board is used to enable dynamic configurable multiplexing of any
wavelength to any port. At any node on a ring or chain network it is possible to
combine any wavelength, input it and assign any input wavelength to any port, thus
achieving fully dynamic assignment of wavelength.
The ROADM consisting of the WSD9 and WSM9 boards may be used as a central or
edge site. Its advantage is that it can be expanded easily and flexibly without
interfering with the ongoing services. It is cost-effective and can set wavelength
scaling and pass-through through the network management software, thus providing
remote dynamic wavelength add/drop. However, the cost of the board hardware is
high.

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line-side ODF
line-side ODF
Westbound
Eastbound
Figure 2-2 2-dimensional ROADM made of WSD9 and WSM9 boards
The figure above illustrates a 2-dimensional (inside the ring) ROADM node made of
the WSD9 and WSM9. Because there are at most eight DMUX/MUX output/input ports,
the use of this type of site is limited to cases where the number of waves added or
dropped is less than eight. When more than 8 waves are needed, some input/output
ports will contain more than one wavelength signals, and a fixed MUX/DMUX module
is needed. In the figure, the OM/OD can be either a MUX/DMUX or FOADM module,
depending on the number of wavelengths needed for multiplexing and demultiplexing.
Figure 2-3 4-dimensional ROADM made of WSD9 and WSM9 boards
The WSS module is capable of dynamic configuration of any wavelength to any port;
therefore, each port may be used for local wavelength add/drop or as a
multi-directional multiplexing port. When the DMUX/MUX port of multiple WSD9 and
WSM9 boards are directly connected, it is possible to build ROADM nodes to up to 8
dimensions (the scenario with four tangent rings) and perform dynamic wavelength

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scheduling in each direction. The preceding figure shows the functional model of a
4-dimensional ROADM site, where three ports are used for connecting WSD9/WSM9
modules and six ports are used for local add/drop, as with the 2-dimensional site. It is
imaginable that when an 8- dimensional ROADM node is formed, there will be only
two ports left in each WSS module for local add/drop.
Both the WSD9 and WSM9 handle unidirectional services only. The job of preventing
wavelength conflict in service add/drop is done by software. Although the WSS
module is capable of Colorness service add/drop, each channel has a VOA that is in
the Dark state when no service is configured. After configuration, the attenuation is set
to a normal value by software. The RMU9 is controlled in the same way.
z ROADM made of WSD9 and RMU9 boards
In the WSD9+WSM9 scheme, wavelength reconfiguration takes place whenever the
node adds or drops wavelengths, which implies high cost and is therefore not
recommended unless the customer needs any wavelength to any port for upward
movement. In fact DMUX/MUX works with services in the same direction. The WSS is
used only during demultiplexing or multiplexing. When a coupler or optical splitter is
used in multiplexing or demultiplexing, it is possible to achieve wavelength rebuilding
in that transmission direction (again software is used to guard against wavelength
conflict) and eliminate the need for wavelength planning. The OSN 6800’s
WSD9+RMU9 scheme employs WSS+ coupler, as shown in the following figure.
Westbound client-side Eastbound client-side
equipment equipment
O O O O O O O O
T T T T T T T T
U U U U U U U U
OD OM
OA WSD9 RMU9 OA
FIU FIU
SC2
OA RMU9 WSD9 OA
OM OD
O O O O O O O O
T T T T T T T T
U U U U U U U U
Westbound client-side Eastbound client-side

equipment equipment
Figure 2-4 2-dimensional ROADM made of WSD9 and RMU9 boards
In this mode, the WSD9 functions the same way as it does in the previous mode while
the RMU9 performs multiplexing. The device associated with this function is a
wavelength independent 8-port adjustable attenuation coupler. When there are less
than eight waves in this site, the signal of each individual wavelength can be directly
connected to the RMU9. When a fixed multiplexer is used, it is possible to multiplex
more wavelengths. Since the RMU9’s input port is independent of specific
wavelengths, in practice if wavelength conflict is to be avoided, it must be ensured that

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the multiplexed wavelengths of the RMU9 are not identical with the existing ones. The
OSN 6800 offers a check function to protect against logical wavelength conflict.
The WSD9+RMU9 combination can produce multi-dimensional ROADM nodes in a
similar way as the WSD9+WSM9 scheme.
The WSD9+RMU9 scheme enables wavelength independent service add/drop at a
lower cost than the WSD9+WSM9 scheme. It is recommended for scenarios of
2-dimensional wavelength add/drop of no more than eight waves and
multi-dimensional scheduling.
1 Though less expensive to implement than the WSD9+WSM9 scheme, the WSD9+RMU9 scheme
is incapable of smooth upgrade to a multi-dimensional ROADM (otherwise the loss of
pass-through wavelength insertion will reach 14 + 8.5 = 22.5 dB, and a 20-dB optical repeater
needs be placed before the WSD9) when it is used to form a 2-dimensional ROADM node and
achieve wavelength independent addition and drop (cascading is recommended for couplers to
accommodate more wavelengths). The reason for this is that the RMU9 can be connected in two
ways in 2-dimensional applications (since the RMU9 consists of 1*8 and 1*2 couplers that may, or
may not, be concatenated). This requires the use of the WSD9+WSM9 scheme. For other
2-dimensional applications, multi-dimensional connection (use 1*8 couplers only) may be adopted
at the start to support easy upgrade to a multi-dimensional ROADM. However, in this case, the
number of ports added and dropped of the RMU9 will be inconsistent with those of the WSD9.
z ROADM made of WSD9 and RMU9 or WSM9 boards in support of rerouting

of source and home nodes
When configuring optical layer intelligence, only the ROADM consisting of the WSS is
able to perform intelligent scheduling (rerouting) in multiple directions of the node.
However, when services are added to or dropped from the ROADM node itself,
ordinary node configuration will make intelligent scheduling in multiple directions of the
node impossible. This is because the OUT is fixedly connected to WSS modules
in certain direction (see Figure 2-4), that is, rerouting is only possible between
intermediate nodes (FIU-FIU), not at local nodes (OTU-FIU) for add/drop. Take the
following networking for example. If points A and E use ordinary configuration, then
services added or dropped at them cannot be rerouted in A-B, A-C, D-E, or C-E
sections and the expired and unprotected services in any section will break. But they
can be rerouted among points B, C, and D. If B-D fails, then they can be rerouted to
B-C-D. For A-E services to support end-to-end protection, they have to be configured
with ordinary optical channel 1+1 protection to guard against the fiber failure of A-B,
A-C, D-E, or C-E links.
D
B W R
S M
D U
A E R W
C M
U
S
D
OTU
Figure 2-5 Rerouting of source and home nodes
For the service to be rerouted between the source and home nodes, the following
node configuration is needed, that is adding WSS of 1–2 dimensions for adding and
dropping local services. If local add/drop involves more than one wave, a

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combiner-divider between the OUT and the WSS will be needed (possibly an
additional appropriate optical repeater, especially when the OUT power is low).
W R
OA S M OA
F D U
I F
U I
R W U
OA M S OA
U D
RMU WSD
MUX/DMUX
LWX
Figure 2-6 Configuration of ROADM node in support of rerouting of source and home nodes
Figure 2-7 Configuration of ROADM node in support of 1+1 protection and rerouting of source and
home nodes
In Figure 2-6’s configuration, only one dimension is added at the local side, so it
supports rerouting services only (silver level) while in Figure 2-7’s configuration, two
dimensions are added locally to support diamond level services..
If the network does not support rerouting of source and home nodes, this may affect
the ASON function greatly, especially in circumstances like demonstration and testing
where a small number of nodes are involved. However, to support rerouting of source
and home nodes means increased WSS module configuration and consequently
higher costs, which is inherent with the optical cross connection using the WSS
technology and remains a problem.
z ROADM device made of ROAM boards
The ROAM board is the ROADM board based on the PLC technology. When working
along with the DMUX board, it is able to form 2-dimensional ROADM nodes that allow
any wavelength add/drop of up to 40 waves at a specified optical interface. The way it
works is depicted in the following figure.

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Figure 2-8 2-dimensional ROADM node made of ROAM boards
The ROAM board is primarily composed of a 40-wave PLC ROADM module and an
optical splitter, one dealing with services in a different direction from the other. Take
Figure 2-8 for example. The optical splitter of the ROAM on the right splits the
east-west optical signals into two channels, one to the fixed demultiplexing module OD
for wavelength dropping at a specified port, another to the ROAM on the left for
processing. The PLC module controls each channel in selecting signals from the local
OUT or those passed through the left ROAM with 40 optical switches. The two ROAMs
share the same processing mechanism.
The ROAM-based ROADM node supports simultaneous add/drop of full waves and is
therefore suitable for HUB nodes where large number of wavelengths are added or
dropped. With an optical splitter, it is also capable of optical multicasting and
broadcasting. However, it only blocks or passes through wavelengths in the
pass-through direction, therefore, it is only suitable for 2-dimensional (inside the ring).
It is obviously not suitable for multi-directional add/drop nodes like ring chain and
double ring cross connection. In addition, each wavelength added or dropped
corresponds to a specific port. Therefore it is impossible for any wavelength to be
added or dropped at any port. Service provisioning is slower than with the WSS
scheme since it requires manual maintenance of fiber connection in service
provisioning.
Limitations and notes for marketing and networking:

A 2-dimensional ROADM made up of PLC boards share many features with an OADM made up of
M40(V)/D40 back against back. For example, both supports full wave add/drop, in-service expansion,
and no need for wavelength planning. The major difference between them lies in that the PLC scheme
allows wavelength add/drop or pass-through to be selected remotely through the network management
system while the M40(V)/D40 scheme requires on-site operation through DIP switches.

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2.9 Configuring Rules for OTUs

2.9.1 Configuring Rules for Traditional Integrated Line and Tributory OUT
For traditional integrated line and tributary OUT configuration, see the Sales Guide
and the manuals. You’ll only have to meet the requirements of this guide for OSNR
and dispersion.
The OSN 6800&3800 selects the traditional integrated line and tributary OUT as
follows.
Step 1: Decide which type of OUT is to be used.
Decide the right OUT type for sending and receiving the service by the service type
(STM-1/STM-64/GE), wave division type (DWDM/CWDM), the number of services
configured, service type , the transmission distance of customer side services.
Step 2: Decide the OUT type.
1 As OTUs by the same name (LQM, for example) come in many different types
with varying parameters (OSNR tolerance, dispersion tolerance, tranception
mode, optical power, code type), we will select the appropriate OUT to fit in the
real circumstances. Select the OTUs that meets the requirements for channel
spacing and tranception mode from the specified type: for example, if the
services carried by the channel needs 1+1 protection inside the wave division
side panel, select the OTUs with dual transmitter and receiver, otherwise select
those with single transmitter and receiver;
2 Select the OTUs that meet OSNR requirements from those that meet the
requirements for channel spacing and tranception mode;
3 Select the OTUs that meet dispersion tolerance requirements from those that
meet OSNR requirements;
4 Select the OTUs that meet optical power requirements from those that meet
dispersion tolerance requirements;
5 Select the OTUs with fixed wavelengths or of tunable type from those that meet
the above requirements.
Some of the NG WDM’s tributary line integrated OUTs support electrical cross
connection, such as L4G/LDG/LQM. Performing sub- wavelength service scheduling
among wavelengths (OTU) can improve wavelength utilization and provide mature
and reliable sub-wavelength protection. Besides supporting specific customer services,
OUTs of this type provides wave division side interfaces, therefore, the selection
should following the principles described earlier. If electrical cross connection is to be
used, follow also these principles:
1 If the sub- wavelength cross connection function is employed only to provide
sub-wavelength protection, then the OTUs in the network are connected in a
point-to-point way. The source and home nodes are each matched with a pair of
OTUs supporting the same type of services. The OTUs work in active and
standby mode, passing services by different routes. If both supports distributed
cross connection, then set them at paired slots. If they support centralized cross
connection, they may cross by the centralized cross connection unit as well. The
active and standby OTUs may, or may not, be the same, provided the type of
services connected to the backplane bus is the same. For example, an L4G may
work with an LDG to provide GE SNCP protection. The LDG has low capacity,
low OSNR tolerance, and high dispersion tolerance. If the active and standby
paths differ great in distance, then use this combination.
2 If the sub- wavelength cross connection function is employed to obtain increased
wavelength utilization as well as sub-wavelength protection, then the OTUs in the

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network are usually connected in a multipoint-to-point or multipoint-to-multipoint

way. Configure the neighboring directions of the nodes that need wavelength
sharing with OUT interconnections of the same type and wavelength. In this way
build a logic chain, ring, ring chain, or tangent ring sharing the same wavelength.
When a ring forms, you may also configure sub-wavelength protection. Likewise,
you may choose between distributed and centralized cross connection by the
cross connection type supported and the number of OTUs that need cross
connection.
For the bus distribution of the NG WDM subrack, the type of cross connection and the
number of backplane buses supported by each type of OTUs, see the Sales Guide
and Hardware Description.
2.9.2 Configuring Rules for Separated Line and Tributary OTU

The OTN cross connection is introduced in NGWDM to separate the design of
customer side and wave division side modules (customer side also known as tributary
side, wave division side also known as line side). The intention is to obtain flexible
configuration, end-to-end sub-wavelength service scheduling, simplified network
planning, and investment protection. (Tributary integrated and the OUT support
specific services respectively, customer service interface change entails change of
OTUs. For example, if the current router uses 2.5 G or 10 G interfaces, in the absence
of separated tributary line design, when the router interface upgrades to 40 G or 100
GE, the heavily invested 10G DWDM network may go wasted. The introduction of the
OTN cross connection makes it possible to separate the design of customer side and
line side, which enables future service upgrade through change of customer side
interfaces only.)
The OTN-based NG WDM is to the traditional WDM what SDH is to PDH. It is more
suitable for distributed networks where sub-wavelength services dominate. Of course,
the price of greater networking flexibility is higher costs.
The network configuration using tributary cards is closely connected to the network
planning mode:
¾ If the network is planned in the traditional way using wave division and
point-to-point transmission, tributary cards have to be combined in the TMUX
mode. That is, the line cards and tributary cards at source and home nodes are
used in pair or in the 1 line card+ multiple tributary cards combination. The
configuration cost is higher than that of integrated line and tributary cards.
However, currently the NG WDM supports no 10G integrated line and tributary
TMUX boards (such as LOG and LOM), if the customer requires this
configuration mode, use 1 line card+ multiple tributary cards +cross connection.
¾ If the network is planned using multipoint-to-point and multipoint-to-multipoint
transmission, then the configuration of lines and tributaries is similar to that of the
SDH network. Network capacity and service distribution (including protection
bandwidth) determines the number of line cards configured in each section. The
type and number of services added/dropped at each node determines tributary
card configuration. The difference is that SDH networks are single-wavelength
networks where line wavelength is bound to be relayed at every point while
WDM/OTN networks are multi-wavelength networks where line wavelength is
relayed only when service add/drop occurs at the node it passes or when
transmission performance degrades. At other times, it just passes through the
optical layer.
When line wavelength is added or dropped at a point, it naturally relays the
sub-wavelength service that is passes through. Therefore, reasonable planning can
effectively reduce the requirements for the physical transmission performance of the
line card. For example, a network with a ring length of 3,000 km is beyond the
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electroless relay transmission power of the NRZ module in NG WDM networks. In this
case, you can pick up some nodes and arrange line cards in sections with intervals
within the electroless relay transmission power of the NRZ module. This also solves
the problem of limited transmission distance.
For multipoint-to-multipoint tributary line configuration, service protection generally
uses ODU1 SNCP, which requires multi-node line cards to form topologies that
provide active/standby paths like a ring or Mesh.
Currently the NGWDM device provides such tributary cards as the TQM, TQS, and
TDG as well as the NS2 line card. The configuration process can be summarized as
follows:
1 Decide the configuration mode in network planning: point-to-point vs.
multipoint-to-multipoint;
2 In the point-to-point mode, decide the type and number of tributary cards by
customer side service type (GE/STM-16/FC100, etc). The only available line card
is NS2. Take into account the optical interface indices (dispersion tolerance,
tunable, optical power). When the line card in the single rack works with more
than one tributary card, you will need a centralized cross connection unit;
3 In the multipoint-to-multipoint mode, decide the tributary card configuration by the
customer side service type at each point and the positioning and number of line
cards by the service distribution and network topology.
4 For the selecting rules for wave division side NS2, see Step 2 in Section 2.9.1.

For wavelength sharing applications through line cards only or combined line and tributary boards with
cross connection, the equidirectional OTUs of neighboring nodes should use the same wavelength and
the MUX/DMUX boards in neighboring directions should supply ports with the same wavelength. When
the network is to provide both wavelength sharing and traditional wavelength point-to-point transmission,
using the MR4/MR8/CMR4 finished boards only is inadequate since each has a fixed wavelength,
MR2/CMR2 should be fully or partially used.
2.10 ASON Network Design

The NG WDM V100R002 supports GMPLS control plane, providing intelligent
wavelength scheduling besides general functions such as automatic discovery of
resources and topology. Intelligent wavelength scheduling requires WSS-based
ROADM modules, so the designing rules for ASON networks are basically the same
as those for WSS/ROADM networks. The difference lies in that in a pure
WSS/ROADM network, wavelength rebuilding is performed manually through the
network management system, while with the control plane, wavelength rerouting can
be performed automatically through protocol control. In addition, ASON networks have
special requirements in terms of network building and service configuration, including:
1 The OSC management mode must be used ;
2 The network should consist of only intelligent NEs (except for pure optical
repeater sites), which means using intelligent protocols;
3 Intelligent wavelength scheduling must be achieved through WSS/ROADM, not
WSS/ROADM nodes (such as OLA and FOADM) intelligent as fixed points for
service add/drop and pass-through;

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4 To support multidirectional rerouting at service add/drop nodes, set each line

direction to WSS and add 1–2-dimensional WSS subscribers for accessing local
services. For details, see the section of Configuring Rules for ROADM Nodes.
5 Diamond-level 1+1 service protection requires OTUS to be configured with 1+1
board protection (2.5G OUT with dual transmitter and receiver, 5G/10G OTU
wave division side + OLP/DCP). There are special requirements for WSS
configuration when configuring 5G/10G OTU 1+1 protection. For details, see the
section of Configuring Rules for ROADM Nodes. The silver and copper-level
service configurations need only OTUs with single transmitter and receiver.
Boards with isolated line and tributary normally are not configured with 1+1 board
protection. Intelligent services can be provided using sub-wavelength SNCP+
silver-level (rerouting). The 1+1 board protection does not protect the OUT itself.
This can be overcome by providing intelligent services using customer side 1 + 1
protection + rerouting. The result is similar as that of the diamond-level, but it
requires that the active and standby OTUs have consistent wavelengths.
6 For OADM sites, the OSN 3800 in most cases is unable to perform all
configurations inside the site using single subracks. Nor is it able to support
master/salve subracks. But the ASON has to take the OADM site as a single NE.
Since the TN21FIU is a passive board unable to monitor optical power, it is
unable to report FIU board LOS alarms or trigger the rerouting function. For these
two reasons, the use of the OSN 3800 is limited to end sites in intelligent chain
networking.
7 As wavelength routing may change, the wavelength rerouting function will not be
able to work with wavelength-level optical power management, such as the APE
function.
8 Because the wavelength maybe change, for the wavelength with rerouting ability,
the wavelength resource must be reserved in all of network links maybeing
reroute to. The result is reliability improving but wavelength resource utilization
falling.
9 In the presence of 1+1 OMS protection, if the OLP with dual transmitter and
receiver is behind the FIU (there is only one pair of FIU between NEs), 1+1 OMS
protection can work independently with the ASON. However, if 1+1 OMS
switching takes long (greater than 100 ms when there are large numbers of OLA
sites), protection switching and optical layer rerouting will overlap. If the OLP with
dual transmitter and receiver is between the multiplexer and the OA (there are
two pairs of FIU between NEs), the ASON will fail. In ASON networks, this 1+1
OMS configuration is barred.
The electrical relay board terminates wavelengths, so the intelligent wavelength LSP
takes the electrical relay board as a staring or ending point when it passes the latter,
that is to say the trunk board needs to be treated as an ordinary OTU. For the current
intelligent model, the protection capabilities at the LSP ends need be consistent;
therefore, in the presence of electrical relay (only LSXR board at the moment) and 1+1
protection, it applies to only these scenarios:
Scenario 1: Site A (service source): LSX+OLP; Site B: LSXR+OLP; Site C (service
home): LSX+OLP;
Scenario 2: Site A (service source): LSX; Site B: LSXR+OLP; Site C: LSXR+OLP; Site
D (service home): LSX;

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Figure 2-9 Scenario of intelligent protection with relay boards
Note that the figure does not show the configuration of the optical layer MUX/DMUX
board. Because the LSXR is a unidirectional relay board, it needs be used in pairs.
Two LSXRs with the same wavelength service must be located at the paired slots of
the subrack. Other application scenarios are not supported.
The control plane does not know the physical parameters like the OSNR value,
dispersion margin, and non-linearity of an optical wavelength after it passes through a
section of link. Provided the link is reachable, services can be rerouted (recovery path
can be preset ), therefore, to ensure the service quality after rerouting, you need
ensure that the physical indices of every possible routing satisfy the requirements
(calculating the physical indices beforehand using the MDS helps reduce the
workload).

1 A license is required for the use of V100R002 intelligent features. This license only controls the
use of intelligent features.
2 The customer should apply for licenses for each NE. For NEs with slave subracks, the customer
needs apply for only the master subracks. The NE serial number ESN can be queried through the
integrated ToolKit or command lines of the network management system. If a master subrack has
both active and standby main processing units, the customer needs sends the two ESNs back to
Huawei for license application.
3 If there are active and standby main processing units, if one fails and needs replacement, the
licensed functions will continue. To ensure licensed functions after active/standby switching, it is
recommended that the customer apply for a new license.
2.11 Positioning Rules for Cards

The NG WDM supports system boards, OUT boards, optical layer boards, and OA
boards. Table 1 gives the available slots of each type of board. For positioning rules for
cards, see Guide to Hardware Configuration of NG WDM.

Page 35 of 53
Table 2-8 Available slots on NG WDM boards

Slots Available slots
Board description Available slots on 6800
occupied on 3800
System boards
TN11SCC System control & communication unit 1 IU17, IU18 -
TN11AUX System auxiliary interface unit 1 IU21 -
TN11PIU Power input unit 1 IU19, IU20 -
TN11FAN Fan board 1 IU22 -
TN21SCC System control & communication unit 1 - IU8, IU9
TN21AUX System auxiliary interface unit 1 - IU10
TN21PIU Power input unit 1 - IU6, IU7
TN21APIU AC power input unit 1.5 - IU6, IU7
TN21FAN Fan board 1 - IU12
Electrical layer service processing boards
TN11XCS Cross connection/clock integrated unit 1 IU9, IU10 -
4-channel ODU1 convergent OTU2 optical
TN11NS2 1 IU1–IU8, IU11–IU16 IU2–IU5
interface board
4-channel STM-16/OC48/OTU1 sub-channel
TN11TQS 1 IU1–IU8, IU11–IU16 IU2–IU5
service processing board
4-channel arbitrary bit rate sub-channel service
TN11TQM 1 IU1–IU8, IU11–IU16 -(Note)
processing board
2-channel GE sub-channel service processing
TN11TDG 1 IU1–IU8, IU11–IU16 -(Note)
board
TN11LSX 10 Gbpswavelength conversion unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
LSXR 10 Gbpswavelength conversion & relay board 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
4xGE line-channel capacity wavelength
TN11L4G 1 IU1–IU8, IU11– IU16 IU2–IU5
conversion unit
2×Gigabit Ethernet board with single
TN11LDGS 1 IU1–IU8, IU11– IU16 IU2–IU5
transmitter and receiver
2×Gigabit Ethernet board with dual transmitter
TN11LDGD 1 IU1–IU8, IU11– IU16 IU2–IU5
and receiver
4-channel arbitrary bit rate service
TN11LQMS convergence wavelength conversion unit with 1 IU1–IU8, IU11– IU16 IU2–IU5
single transmitter and receiver
4-channel arbitrary bit rate service
TN11LQMD convergence wavelength conversion unit with 1 IU1–IU8, IU11– IU16 IU2–IU5
dual transmitter and receiver
2-wave arbitrary bit rate optical wavelength
TN11LWX2 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
conversion unit(16 Mbps–2.5 Gbps)
Arbitrary bit rate optical wavelength conversion
TN11LWXS unit(16 Mbps–2.5 Gbps) with single transmitter 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
and receiver
Arbitrary bit rate optical wavelength conversion
TN11LWXD unit(16 Mbps–2.5 Gbps) with dual transmitter 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
and receiver
Optical layer FOADM boards
TN11ACS OADM access board 1 IU1–IU17 IU2–IU5
TN11MR2 2-channel add/drop unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU2–IU5
TN11MR4 4-channel add/drop unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU2–IU5
TN11MR8 8-channel add/drop unit 2 IU1–IU16 -
TN11CMR2 2-channel CWDM add/drop unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU2–IU5

Page 36 of 53
TN11CMR4 4-channel CWDM add/drop unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU2–IU5

TN11DMR1 bidirectional 1-channel add/drop unit(1310 nm) 1 IU1–IU17 IU2–IU5
TN11MB2 Expandable 2-channel add/drop unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU2–IU5
TN21MR2 2-channel add/drop unit 0.5 - IU1, IU11, IU8
TN21MR4 4-channel add/drop unit 0.5 - IU1, IU11, IU8
TN21CMR1 1-channel add/drop unit(1310 nm) 0.5 - IU1, IU11, IU8
TN21DMR1 bidirectional 1-channel add/drop unit(1310 nm) 0.5 - IU1, IU11, IU8
TN21CMR2 2-channel CWDM add/drop unit 0.5 - IU1, IU11, IU8
TN21CMR4 4-channel CWDM add/drop unit 0.5 - IU1, IU11, IU8
TN21MB2 Expandable 2-channel add/drop unit 0.5 - IU1, IU11, IU8
Optical layer ROADM boards
9-port wavelength selective switching
TN11WSD9 2 IU1–IU16 -
demultiplexing unit
9-port wavelength selective switching
TN11WSM9 2 IU1–IU16 -
multiplexer unit
TN11ROAM dynamic wavelength access board 3 IU1–IU15 -
TN11RMU9 9-port ROADM multiplexer unit 1 IU1–IU17 -
Optical layer MUX/DMUX boards
TN11M40 40-wave multiplexer unit 3 IU1–IU15 -
40-wave automatic tunable optical attenuation
TN11M40V 3 IU1–IU15
multiplexer unit
TN11D40 40-wave demultiplexing unit 3 IU1–IU15 -
40-wave automatic tunable optical attenuation
TN11D40V 3 IU1–IU15
demultiplexing unit
Other optical layer boards
TN11OLP Optical line-channel protection board 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
TN11DCP 2-channel optical channel protection board 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
TN11MCA4 4-channel spectrum analyzer unit 2 IU1–IU16 IU2–IU5
TN11MCA8 8-channel spectrum analyzer unit 2 IU1–IU16 IU2–IU5
TN11SC1 Unidirectional optical supervisory channel unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
TN11SC2 bidirectional optical supervisory channel unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
TN11VA1 1-channel variable optical attenuator unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
TN11VA4 4-channel variable optical attenuator unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
TN11SCS Sync optical channel separator board 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
TN11FIU Optical fiber-channel interface board 1 IU1–IU17 -
TN21FIU Optical fiber-channel interface board 0.5 - IU1, IU11, IU8
OA boards
TN11OBU1 Optical booster amplifier unit 1 IU1–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU5
TN11OAU1 Optical amplifier board 2 IU2–IU17 IU11, IU2–IU4
TN11CRPC Case-shape C band Raman drive unit - External (2U) -
Note: The OSN 3800 does not support TDG/TQM now. Its V1R3 version will provide
such function.

Page 37 of 53
The following rules can be concluded from the NG WDM board slots in the above
tables:
1 System boards cannot be used on OSN 6800 and 3800 at the same time due to
structure difference.
2 Most electronic-layer boards can be used on OSN 6800 and 3800 except
TDG/TQM. Some of these boards support electronic-layer dispatch and others
do not. Therefore, their slots are slightly different.
3 Most optical-layer boards can be used on OSN 6800 and 3800. Boards that have
more service channels and occupy more slots are less used on OSN 3800.
These boards are M40/M40V/D40/D40V and all ROADM; they are not used on
OSN 3800. The OSN 3800 is integrated equipment and its slots are scare
resources. Some optical-layer TN21 series boards are developed for such
purpose, including MR2/MR4/MB2/CMR1/DMR1/CMR2/CMR4/FIU.
4 The LWX/LWX2 supports the lowest rate of 16 Mbps, equivalent to 8 MHz clock.
Therefore, they can transmit IBM GDPS clock signals.
5 The L4G, LDG, LQM, TDG, TQM, TQS, and NS2 cannot be inserted to the slots 9
and 10 of OSN 6800. Other boards can use slots 9 and 10.
6 When several subracks are used, install all OTU boards on one subrack if
possible.
7 Only OLP/DCP boards can be used for cross-subrack protection. The SCS board
cannot be used for such purpose.
8 The SCx that are required to support order wire must be installed on the main
subrack.
9 The future version of NG WDM will support OWSP protection, which also needs
OSC and require the OSC configured on the main subrack. To support APS
pass-through without main subrack for the configuration of SC1 on east and west
directions, both boards must be in slot pair. If SC2 is configured, the APS protocol
will pass through only the two optical ports on the SC2. That is, the two ports of
the same SC2 must be used to manage the eastbound and westbound of the
OWSP ring network.
2.12 Expansion Rules

Initially the NG WDM can be configured to a WDM system of any (<40) waves, and
then smoothly upgraded to a full-wave WDM as service increases.
2.12.1 Type of Expansion

The expansion of NG WDM is to increase the lines/ports, wavelengths, and sites
required by bearer services.
z Port expansion
z Wavelength expansion
¾ Serial OADM expansion
¾ Parallel OADM expansion (ACS + MB2 + MR2 or D40/M40)
¾ OTM exapnsion (MB2 + MR2 or MB2, D40/M40)
¾ DWDM wavelength expansion in CWDM
z Site exapnsion
¾ OTM increase
¾ OADM increase

Page 38 of 53
¾ OLA increase
2.12.2 Expansion Details

z Port expansion
Configure NS2 to any (<40) quantity of wavelengths for dedicated bearer of sub-rate
services. The remaining channels can be used for 10-Gbps services. At the beginning,
install the tributary cards according to current needs, and later increase them as
services grow. With port expansion, the only concern is whether the subrack cross
capacity and the NS2 line capacity are enough. No need to consider the optical layer
limitation. If the NS2 line capacity is insufficient, the following expansion approach
should apply.
z Wavelength exapnsion
¾ Serial OADM expansion
For serial OADM comprised of BF, if the wavelength to be expanded belongs to the BF
band configured in the site, and such wavelength can be directly added to or dropped
from MB2 board, the OTU board and relevant accessories for such wavelength are
needed for expansion of open system, and only accessories required by integrated
system. If the wavelength to be expanded belongs to the BF band of MB2 board, but
such wavelength cannot be directly added to or dropped from the MB2 board, the MR2
board, corresponding OTU board and relevant accessories for such wavelength are
needed for expansion of open system, and only MR2 board and accessories are
required by integrated system.
If the service of a wavelength requires electronic relay, the OADM board is required to
add or drop such wavelength.
For OADM comprised of BF, optical amplifier may not be configured for both
transmitting and receiving nodes at initial stage for cost consideration. Therefore, the
power need be re-budgeted during expansion. The budget result determines whether
to add optical amplifier and its specification. However, if the initial configuration is 40
waves, there is no need to re-budget the power.
If the serial OADM forms a ring network, the ring network self-excitation effect must be
considered when using optical amplifier. Usually, we can deploy one of the sites as
parallel OADM to remove the self-excitation effect on system performance.
Taking chromatic dispersion into account, dispersion compensation modules may be
needed at transmitting and receiving nodes for expansion of 10-Gbps services. In this
case, optical amplifiers are added according to the loss of dispersion.
In some cases, it is inevitable that a wavelength need pass through a site but not be
added to or dropped from a site; however, such wavelength is filtered by MB2 or MR2.
The filtered wavelength must be directly added to the line without through electronic
relay or OTU. There are two possibilities: passthrough by MO and MI of MB2, and
passthrough by adding to and dropping from the line. Both should be avoided during
initial network planning. It may happen when there are more than seven edge nodes,
or more than four waves adding to and dropping from edge node, or the services are
evenly distributed in the network.
¾ Parallel OADM expansion
Expansion of parallel OADM comprised of AWG
At initial stage, the OADM comprised of AWG is configured with optical amplifier at
both transmitting and receiving nodes. Therefore, the expansion for system of
2.5-Gbps or less will not require the change in transmitting and receiving power
budget. However, 10-Gbps services may require chromatic dispersion compensation.
To compensate the dispersion for NG WDM section by section, add an optical

Page 39 of 53
amplifier and place the dispersion compensation module between the two amplifiers at
the receiving node.
For open system, add the OTU board and relative accessories. For integrated system,
just add relative accessories and no need for OTU.
Expansion of parallel OADM comprised of BF
For OADM comprised of BF, optical amplifier may not be configured for both
waves, there is no need to re-budget the power. Taking chromatic dispersion into
account, dispersion compensation modules may be needed at transmitting and
receiving nodes for expansion of 10-Gbps services. In this case, optical amplifiers are
added according to the loss of dispersion.
If the service of a wavelength need electronic relay at a site, the OADM board need be
added to add or drop wavelength. For open system, add the OTU board and relative
accessories. For integrated system, just add relative accessories and no need for
OTU. Add or drop the wavelengths at the site when necessary, and pass through
those that are unnecessary to add to or drop from this site.
Example:
Figure 2-10 One added/dropped wave, one electronic relay wave, and two passthrough waves

Page 40 of 53
Figure 2-11 Expanded to three added/dropped waves, two electronic relay waves, and three
passthrough waves
¾ OTM expansion
Expansion of OTM comprised of MUX/DMUX
It is applicable to sites that use AWG MUX/DMUX. At initial stage, the OADM
comprised of AWG MUX/DMUX is configured with optical amplifier at both transmitting
and receiving nodes. Therefore, the expansion for system of 2.5-Gbps or less will not
require the change in transmitting and receiving power budget. However, 10-Gbps
services may require chromatic dispersion compensation. To compensate the
dispersion for NG WDM section by section, add an optical amplifier and place the
dispersion compensation module between the two amplifiers at the receiving node.
For open system, add the OTU board and relative accessories. For integrated system,
just add relative accessories and no need for OTU.
Expansion of OTM comprised of BF
For the OTM comprised of BF, if the wavelength to be expanded belongs to the BF
band configured in the site, and such wavelength can be directly added to or dropped
from MB2 board, the OTU board and relevant accessories for such wavelength are
needed for the expansion of open system, and only accessories required by integrated
system. If the wavelength to be expanded belongs to the BF band of MB2 board, but
such wavelength is not two wavelengths directly higher or lower than those configured

Page 41 of 53
for the MB2 board, the MR2 board, corresponding OTU board and relevant
accessories for such wavelength are needed for expansion of open system, and only
MR2 board and accessories required by integrated system.
For the OTM comprised of BF, optical amplifier may not be configured for both
waves, there is no need to re-budget the power.
Taking chromatic dispersion into account, dispersion compensation modules may be
needed at transmitting and receiving nodes for the expansion of 10-Gbps services. In
this case, optical amplifiers are added according to the loss of dispersion. If the ACS
board is configured at initial stage, the 10-Gbps wavelength can be expanded by using
the unused bands of the ACS, thus enabling separate band dispersion management
and compensation.
¾ DWDM wavelength expansion in CWDM
The CWDM is for the scenario of small capacity and short distance, usually at the end
of network. Though 18 wavelengths are suggested, the waves of 1550 nm are
generally used, and probably needed be expanded later. If CWDM wavelengths are to
be further expanded, the engineering design of the original network need be changed,
because there is too much attenuation for signals of non-1550 nm wavelengths.
Another workable approach is to expand the DWDM wavelength on the 1531 nm and
1551 nm ports on the CWDM OADM module, as shown below.
OTU
OTU OA
OADM OADM
OTU OA
MO MI
OTU
CWDM
DWDM MO MI
Figure 2-12 DWDM wavelength expansion in CWDM
Because the CWDM line side has no OA modules, the DWDM OADM modules need
be configured with OA modules before accessing to the CWDM when there are a large
number of wavelengths need be expanded.
Each CWDM filter works in the range of ±6.5 nm. The NG WDM supports the 40-wave
DWDM of band C. Therefore, the number of expandable DWDM waves on 1531 nm
and 1551 nm ports are different: 10 and 16 respectively. The total number of
expandable DWDM waves is 26.
The following figure shows the assignment of expandable wavelengths.

Page 42 of 53
Figure 2-13 DWDM wavelengths usable in CWDM
1 To avoid ongoing service interruption, the 1531 nm and 151 nm ports should be reserved at initial
construction stage if there is potential expansion needs.
2 The CWDM topology is comparatively simple, with little consideration for dispersion compensation,
OA configuration, and network protection, which should be re-considered after DWDM wavelength
expansion. Therefore, the above expansion way is recommended only for the application of short
distance, no 10-Gbps services, and small number of wavelengths to be expanded. Otherwise, the
advice is to re-construct the whole network to DWDM.
z Site expansion
¾ OTM increase
The OTM may be added if a link is to be added to a ring network. Such expansion
requires power and dispersion budget for the fiber section to be expanded.
¾ OADM increase
If you plan to add new OADM sites to an existing network, the network need be
re-planned, and dispersion, power, and OSNR need be budgeted. The principle for
selecting parallel or serial OADM is the same as mentioned above.
The wavelength assignment need be planned for adding OADM sites. There must be
no overlapping wavelength during the assignment. The OTU and other units for
wavelengths that need add/drop, pass through, or electronically relay are determined
by wavelength assignment.
¾ OTM increase
When adding OLA sites, the specification of optical amplifier is determined by power
budget. If the OLA has not put into operation, the management information between
OLA sites and between OLA and its neighboring upstream and downstream site
should be transmitted by only OSC, but not ESC.

Page 43 of 53
2.13 Configuring Rules for Installation Materials

See OptiX OSN 6800 V100R002 Configuration Manual and OptiX OSN 3800
V100R002 Configuration Manual.
2.14 Configuring Rules for IPA/ALC/APE

¾ IPA
In accordance with the WDM Technical Requirements by the Ministry of Information
and Industry and ITU-T G.664 recommendations, the OSN 6800&3800 provides the
intelligent power adjusting (IPA) function.
The IPA aims to protect the naked fiber from hurting human body, especially human
eyes, and to prevent the surge on optical amplifier. In DWDM, the IPA function starts
only when the optical signals in the OCH are lost. The OCH is monitored and shut
down when the IPA takes effect. The OSC and its functions are unaffected because
the IPA will perform no operations on the OSC.
¾ APE
After a long time use, a wavelength division system becomes aging and the channel
power may change, resulting in poor signal flatness and performance. The APE
function can automatically adjust the optical power at the transmitting node to optimize
the flatness and SNR at the receiving end.
The APE function is realized by the board and host software, with human interference.
The optical power of the transmitting VMUX (M40V) is adjusted according to the
optical power of the channels of the receiving MCA. The optical power in these
channels is balanced to control the SNR of the receiving channels. In the wavelength
division system deployment, the APE can effectively lower the difficulty and
requirements on engineers in system commissioning and network maintenance.
Configuring rules:
z The APE is not a mandatory function. It is configured when the customer
requires.
z To realize the APE, the transmitting OTM must be configured with M40V and
receiving OTM configured with MCA (for detecting the flatness of receiving signal
power). Because the DWDM is a two-fiber bidirectional system, realizing the APE
requires the configuration of an MCA on each end of a multiplexing section. The
back-to-back OTM requires only one MCA.
In the ASON network that supports wavelength re-routing, the APE is not
recommended for the link that may have re-routing wavelengths. In such network, the
software has no restriction on the APE function, but the APE cannot work normally.
¾ ALC
In the DWDM system, the aging fiber, optical connector, or human factors may
introduce exceptional attenuation. The optical amplifier is a gain control system. In
case the attenuation on a section increases, the input and output power of all
subsequent amplifier will decrease. As a result, the system OSNR becomes poor, and
the power received by the receiver also decreases, which has a significant effect on
the receiving performance. By applying ALC, the attenuation increase on a section
affects only the input power of this section, the output power of this section and
subsequent input and output power are not affected. It has a much less effect on the
OSNR. Besides, the optical power received by the receiver is unaffected.
The ALC function is implemented by the cooperation of node reference unit ((OAU1,
OBU1), detection unit (OAU1, OBU1), attenuation adjusting unit (VA1, VA4), and
control unit (SCC).

Page 44 of 53

For old wavelength division products, the ALC protocol is transmitted by the OSC overhead bytes.
Therefore, the OSC must be configured. The NG WDM is now changed to DCN communication. The
ALC can be realized only when there is DCN communication (OSC or ESC).
3 CWDM Network Design
3.1 Introduction to CWDM

z Low cost, low power consumption (cost advantage for small number of
waves)
The DWDM laser chip and temperature controller (Peltier cooler and heating
resistance) are integrated. The total power consumption of the integrated laser,
temperature monitoring circuit, and temperature control circuit is about 4
W/wavelength. The power consumption of the CWDM laser without cooler is only 0.5
W/wavelength.
z No optical amplifier for short distance application (80 km for single
wavelength)
The industrialized and most commonly used eight wavelengths in S+C+L waveband
cover 140 nm. The industry rarely has the optical amplifier of such a large bandwidth.
If there is any, it would be extremely expensive, which is contrary to the initiative of
low-cost networking. Besides, the fiber attenuation curve fluctuates greatly with
different wavelengths, and the current technology is difficult to flatten the CWDM
waveband by the amplifier. Now the 2.5 G laser without amplifier can transmit signals
for a distance of 80 km. This means the CWDM products will serve point-to-point
services less than 80 km in the coming long time.
z Rate below 2.5 Gbps
A small number of 10G CWDM lasers are already available, but the short transmission
distance restricts its application within enterprise networks.
z Application scope
It is applicable to small network, MAN access, small local network, and enterprise
network.
3.2 CWDM OADM Specifications

The OADM boards in the CWDM system include CMR4, CMR2, CMR1, and DMR1.
Pay attention to the wavelength range of each board, which is listed below.
The CMR4 provides four fixed wavelengths, which are not all continuous.
1291, 1311, 1331, 1351
1391, 1411, 1431, 1451
1471, 1491, 1591, 1611
1511, 1531, 1551, 1571
The CMR2 provides any of the 16 wavelengths between 1311 nm and 1611 nm. It
does not support the 1271/1291 nm wavelengths now.
The CMR1 and DMR1 are dedicated to adding or dropping 1310 nm wavelength
window signals
Page 45 of 53
3.3 C+D Networking Scheme

For the DWDM wavelength expansion in CWDM system, see Section 2.12.
The CMR1 and DMR1 wavelengths do not contradict with the DWDM wavelengths.
Therefore they can be used in the DWDM system to provide the extra 1310 nm
channel. Due to big 1310 nm signals loss, OA board bandwidth restriction, and poor
isolation of C/DMR1 board, the use of C/DMR1 in DWDM network should follow these
rules:
¾ Use C/DMR1 only in a single-span range
¾ Configure C/DMR1 after OA (same location as FIU) if the OA board is used
The networking illustration is as follows:
Figure 3-1 1310 nm wavelength bearer in DWDM system
3.4 Points of CWDM Design

The CWDM network design is simpler than the DWDM design because it has no
dispersion compensation and no amplifier. The CWDM configuration shall observe the
power restrictions. For indexes of OTU and OADM optical ports and insertion loss, see
Sales Guide and Production Description.
Its line attenuation is the same as that of DWDM system.
The network management is through ESC.
The O-SNCP board can be used to provide 1+1 channel protection. The OMSP
protection supports only six wavelengths, because the OLP wavelength is between
1500 nm and 1640 nm.
It often requires routing from CWDM to DWDM network during multi-layer network
design. There are two solutions:
1 Use the SFP module that produces CWDM color light for interconnection
between CWDM OUT and DWDM OUT, as shown below. The SFP module of
OTU client in site B is connected to the OTU line of site A. It is recommended that
site A is configured with LWX/LWX2 for transparent signal transmission to the
OTU client of site B. This is because all other OTU boards than LWX/LWX2 have
special requirements on client signal type. If site B is configured with TQS board
(which can receive OTU1 signals), the wavelength division port of site A can be
configured to OTU1 LDG/LQM.

Page 46 of 53
DWDM network
NODE B
CWDM network
NODE A
NODE A DWDM wavelength

O
CWDM T
O U
network
Client side T
U NODE B
CWDM wavelength
Figure 3-2 Cross-network interconnection through color light from client CWDM
2 Use the NG WDM Any/GE ADM function for the CWDM OUT and DWDM OUT
interconnection. To do this, the OTU for coarse waves and dense waves must be
configured on a same subrack, so that the services can be interconnected
through Any/GE or GE.

The CWDM network management is realized through ESC only. Because the OUT client has no DCN
communication, the wavelengths in scheme 1 cannot be managed through ESC.
Because only DWDM NS2 supports ODU1 Any/GE and provides wavelength division interface, the
cross-network interconnection for ODU1 (2.5G) services is impossible.

Page 47 of 53

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Document code Product name OptiX OSN 6800&3800

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Edited by Document version V100R001&R002

OptiX OSN 6800_3800 Network Design

Prepared by: Date:

Reviewed by: Market representative Date:

Approved by: Date:

Huawei Technologies Co, Ltd

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. Page 2 of 53

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. Page 3 of 53

2.12.2 Expansion Details .................................................................................................... 3

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 4

1 Part 1Basic Knowledge of Wavelength Division

Principle Reference: DWDM Principle at http://3ms.huawei.com

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. Page 1 of 53

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 2

Part 2 OSN 6800&3800 Network Design Guide

OptiX OSN 3800 integrated optical transmission platform

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. Page 1 of 53

GMPLS-based control plane

Optical layer: L0 FOADM/ROADM

Processing on the line side

Electric layer: L2 Packet

Customer service processing

Figure 1-1 NG WDM system architecture

1.2 Site Introduction

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 2

Optical line interface unit

ODF on the line side

OTUn λn DCM MCA

Figure 1-2 Function modules

Figure 1-3 Function modules

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 3

Figure 1-4 Function modules

Figure 1-6 OptiX OSN 6800&3800 OLA

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 5

Figure 1-8 WSS implementation principles

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 6

Color optical interface

Figure 1-9 Scheduling model of services on the NG WDM optical layer

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 7

1.3 Network Design Process

Figure 1-10 Network design flow chart

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 8

2.1 Selection of OSC and ESC

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 9

side, effectively separate two channels of signals to deliver supervising information

2.2 Calculation of Fiber Attenuation and FIU Insertion Loss

2.2.1 Fiber Attenuation

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 10

Restrictions and notes on sales and networking:

2.2.2 FIU Insertion Loss Calculation

Restrictions and notes on sales and networking:

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 11

2.3 Dispersion Requirements and Dispersion Compensation

2008-1-25 Huawei Confidential. No disclosure without permission. 12

Restrictions and notes on sales and networking:

2.3.2 Dispersion Compensation Rules

2 Adjust dispersion topology to reduce the number of amplifiers. For example, to