Mathematics Class- X

CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY

KEY POINTS
1. The length of the line segment joining A and B is the distance between two
points A (x1, y1) and B (x2, y2) is  {(x2 – x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2}.

2. The distance of a point (x, y) from the origin is (x2 + y2). The distance
of P from x-axis is y units and from y-axis is x-units.

3. The co-ordinates of the points p(x, y) which divides the line segment
joining the points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) in the ratio m1 : m2 are

 m 1x 2  m 2 x 1 m 1y 2  m 2 y 1 
 m m , 
 1 2 m1  m 2 

m1
we can take ratio as k : 1, k  .
m2
4. The mid-points of the line segment joining the points P(x1, y1) and
Q(x2, y2) is

 x1  x2 y1  y2 
 , 
 2 2 
5. The area of the triangle formed by the points (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3)
is the numeric value of the expressions
1
 x  y  y 3   x 2  y 3  y 1   x 3  y 1  y 2   .
2 1 2
6. If three points are collinear then we can not draw a triangle, so the area
will be zero i.e.

|x1(y2 – y3) + x2 (y3 – y1) + x3(y1 – y2)| = 0

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. P is a point on x axis at a distance of 3 unit from y axis to its left. The

coordinates of P are
(a) (3, 0) (b) (0, 3)
(c) (–3, 0) (d) (0, –3)

2. The distance of point P (3, –2) from y-axis is

(a) 3 units (b) 2 units

(c) –2 units (d) 13 units

3. The coordinates of two points are (6, 0) and (0, –8). The coordinates of
the mid point are

(a) (3, 4) (b) (3, –4)

(c) (0, 0) (d) (–4, 3)

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 4. If the distance between (4, 0) and (0, x) is 5 units, the value of x will be

(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 5

x y
5. The coordinates of the point where line   7 intersects y-axis are
a b
(a) (a, 0) (b) (0, b)
(c) (0, 2b) (d) (2a, 0)

6. The area of triangle OAB, the coordinates of the points A (4, 0)

B (0, –7) and O origin, is

(a) 11 sq. units (b) 18 sq. units

(c) 28 sq. units (d) 14 sq. units

 11   2 
7. The distance between the points P   , 5  and Q   , 5  is
 3   3 
(a) 6 units (b) 4 units
(c) 3 units (d) 2 units

x y
8. The line   1 intersects the axes at P and Q, the coordinates of
2 4
the mid point of PQ are

(a) (1, 2) (b) (2, 0)

(c) (0, 4) (d) (2, 1)

9. The coordinates of vertex A of ABC are (–4, 2) and point D(2, 5), D is
mid point of BC. The coordinates of centroid of ABC are
 7
(a) (0, 4) (b)  1, 2 
 
 7
(c)  2, 3  (d) (0, 2)
 
10. The distance between the line 2x + 4 = 0 and x – 5 = 0 is

(a) 9 units (b) 1 unit

(c) 5 units (d) 7 units

11. The distance between the points (5 cos 35°, 0) and (0, 5 cos 55°) is

(a) 10 units (b) 5 units

(c) 1 unit (d) 2 units

12. The points (–4, 0), (4, 0) and (0, 3) are the vertices of a :

(a) right triangle (b) Isosceles triangle

(c) equilateral triangle (d) Scalene triangle

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 13. The perimeter of triangle formed by the points (0, 0), (2, 0) and (0, 2) is

(a) 4 units (b) 6 units

(c) 6 2 units (d) 4  2 2 units

14. AOBC is a rectangle whose three vertices are A (0, 3), O (0, 0), B (5, 0).
The length of its diagonal is :

(a) 5 units (b) 3 units

(c) 34 units (d) 4 units

15. If the centroid of the triangle formed by (9, a), (b, –4) and (7, 8) is (6, 8)
then (a, b) is

(a) (4, 5) (b) (5, 4)

(c) (5, 2) (d) (3, 2)

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

16. Find the value of a so that the point (3, a) lies on the line represented
by 2x – 3y = 5.

17. A line is drawn through a point P(3, 2) parallel to x-axis. What is the
distance of the line from x-axis?

18. What is the value of a if the points (3, 5) and (7, 1) are equidistant from
the point (a, 0)?

 b a
19. Prove that the points  0, 9  ,  ,  and (b, 0) are collinear.
2 2
20. AB is diameter of circle with centre at origin. What are the coordinates of
B if coordinates of A are (3, –4)?
21. A (3, 2) and B (–2, 1) are two vertices of ABC, whose centroid G has
5 1
coordinates  , –  . Find the coordinates of the third vertex C of ABC.
3 3
22. For what value of p, are the points (–3, 9), (2, p) and (4, –5) collinear?

23. Find the relation between x and y such that the point (x, y) is equidistant
from the points (7, 1) and (3, 5).

24. Find the coordinates of point P if P and Q trisect the line segment joining
the points A(1, –2) and B (–3, 4).

25. Find x if the distance between the points (x, 2) and (3, 4) be 8 units.

26. Find the area of triangle whose vertices are (1, –1), (–3, 5) and (2, –7).

27. Find a point on y-axis which is equidistant from the points (–2, 5) and
(2, –3).

28. The mid point of the line segment joining the points (5, 7) and (3, 9) is
also the mid point of the line segment joining the points (8, 6) and (a, b).
Find a and b.

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 29. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line segment joining
the points (1, 3) and (2, 7) in the ratio 3 : 4.

30. Find the value(s) of x for which the distance between the points
P (2, –3) and Q (x, 5) is 10 units.

31. The point K (1, 2) lies on the perpendicular bisector of the line segment
joining the points E (6, 8) and F (2, 4). Find the distance of the point K
from the line segment EF.

32. The vertices of ABC are A (–1, 3), B (1, –1) and C (5, 1). Find the length
of the median drawn from the vertex A.

33. Find the distance between the points A (a, b) and B (b, a) if a – b = 4.

34. Three vertices of a parallelogram taken in order are (–3, 1), (1, 1) and
(3, 3). Find the coordinates of fourth vertex.

35. Triangle ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC and vertex A lies on

y-axis. If the coordinates of B and C are (–5, –2) and (3, 2) respectively
then find the coordinates of vertex A.

36. If A (3, 0), B (4, 5), C (–1, 4) and D (–2, –1) are four points in a plane,
show that ABCD is a rhombus but not a square.

3
37. Find the coordinates of a point which is of the way (3, 1) to (–2, 5).
4

38. The area of a triangle with vertices (6, –3), (3, K) and (–7, 7) is 15 sq.
unit. Find the value of K.

39. Find the abscissa of a point whose ordinate is 4 and which is at a

distance of 5 units from (5, 0).

40. A point P on the x-axis divides the line segment joining the points (4, 5)
and (1, –3) in certain ratio. Find the coordinates of point P.

41. In right angled ABC, B = 90° and AB  34 unit. The coordinates of

points B, C are (4, 2) and (–1, y) respectively. If ar (ABC) = 17 sq. unit,
then find the value of y.
42. If A (–3, 2) B (x, y) and C (1, 4) are the vertices of an isosceles triangle
with AB = BC. Find the value of (2x + y).

43. If the point P (3, 4) is equidistant from the points A (a + b, b – a) and B

(a – b, a + b) then prove that 3b – 4a = 0.

44. The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A (–5, 7), B (–4, 5), C (–1, –6) and
D (4, 5). Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD.

45. If midpoints of sides of a PQR are (1, 2), (0, 1) and (1, 0) then find the
coordinates of the three vertices of the PQR.

46. The line segment joining the points A (2, 1) and B (5, –8) is trisected at
the points P and Q such that P is nearer to A. If P is also lies on line
given by 2x – y + k = 0, find the value of K.

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 47. The line segment joining the points (3, –4) and (1, 2) is trisected at the
5 
point P and Q. If the coordinates of P and Q are (p –2) and  , q 
 3 
respectively, find the values of p and q.

48. If A (–5, 7), B (–4, –5), C (–1, –6) and D (4, 5) are vertices of quadrilateral
ABCD. Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD.

49. If P (x, y) is any point on the line joining the points A(a, 0) and B (0, b),
x y
then show that   1.
a b
50. If the points (x, y), (–5, –2) and (3, –5) are collinear, prove that 3x + 8y
+ 31 = 0.

ANSWERS
13. d 14. c
1. c

2. a 1
15. c 16. a 
3
3. b
17. 2 units 18. a = 2
4. b
20. (–3, 4) 21. C (4, –4)
5. c
22. p = – 1 23. x – y = 2
6. d
 1 
7. c 24.  3 , 0 25. x = 1, 5
 
8. a 27. (0, 1)
26. 5 sq. unit
9. a
 10 33 
28. a = 0, b = 10 29.  7 , 7 
10. d  

11. b 30. 4, –8 31. 5 units

12. b 32. 5 units 33. 4 2 units

34. (–1, 3) 35. (0, –2)

 3  21
37.  4 , 4 38. K 
  13

 17 
39. 2, 8 40.  8 , 0
 
41. –1 42. 1

44. 72 sq. unit

45. Coordinates of the vertices are (2, 1), (0, 3), (0 –1)

46. K = – 8 7
47. p  ,q  0
48. 7289 units 3

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