UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES

Faculty of English Linguistic and Literature

Group 2 :
1. LươngThị Kim Huệ : 1757010109
2. NgôThịNgọcNhư : 1757010185
3. Mai ThịHuế : 1757010108
4. NguyễnThịHồngLiên : 1757010140

US GEOGRAPHY

I/ AMERICAN DEMOGRAPHIC( NguyễnThịHồngLiên)

1/ Population

- The current population of United States of America is 328,475,187, based

on the lastest United States Nation estimates (2019).

+ Birth rate 12.5/1000 population

+Death rate 8.2/1000 population

+Net migration rate 3.9/1000 population

- The United States population is equivalent to 4.27% of the total world

population.
- The United States of America is the 3rd most populated country in the
world after China and India, New York City is the most populous city in the United
States.

2/ Poplation density
- The population density in the United States: 36 per km2, they live in coastle
areas and city center.

- United States is highly urbanized, with 82.3% of the population residing in

cities and suburbs.

- The largest state in the USA by population is California, which is estimated

to be home to just over 39.5 million people. If California was a country it would be
the 36th most populous in the world, slightly larger than Iraq and Poland.

- The largest city in the USA is New York City. The city’s population is
estimated at an impressive 8.5 million, which makes New York City larger than the
second and third most populous cities in the United States (Los Angeles and
Chicago) combined.

- The median age in the United States is 37.8 years

3/ Immigration
- More and more immigrant come to US.

- Latin America is the largest region-of-birth group, accounting for over half
(53%) of all foreign born population in US, and thus is also the largest source of
both legal and illegal immigration to US.

4/ Ethnicity
- The population identified as largely white. This section of the census does
not distinguish between Hispanic and white.

- The racial classifications and definitions used by the U.S. Census Bureau
are:
+ White: a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the
Middle East, or North Africa.

+Black or African America: a person having origins in any of the Black racial groups
of Africa.

+American Indian or Alaska Native: a person having origins in any of the original
peoples of North and South America (including Central America).

+Asian: a person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East,
Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including.

+Hispanic: a person having an ancestral connection to Latin America.

- The Hispanic population has reached a new high, but growth has slowed. In
the 2016, Hispanic accounted for 18% of the nation’s population and were the
sacond-largest racial or ethnic group behind whites.

5/ Religion
- America remains a largely Christian nation, although less so than in the
past.

- Potestant/Other Christian constitute the majority of the US religion with

48.9% (2016)

- About 16.1% of the population are nonreligious.

II. BASIC FACT(NgôThịNgọcNhư)

-Continent: North America

-Size: 4,800 km in width and 2,400 km in length

-The third largest country in the world in land area (The first: Russian, the second:
Canada)
-The US has a total of 50 states as well as a federal district, minor islands, and five
main territories (Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana
Islands, and American Samoa).

+ 48 of them are contiguous, that is, they are connected directly. These 48 states
all exist in the central region of North America between Mexico and Canada.

+The other two states are Alaska and Hawaii. Alaska lies on the northwestern
portion of North America while Hawaii is located in the middle parts of the Pacific
Ocean

+Delaware (established on December 7, 1787) is the oldest state in the country

and the youngest state is Hawaii (established on August 21, 1959)

+The largest state by total area is Alaska with 665,384 square miles while the
smallest is the state of Rhode Island with a total area of only 1,545 square miles.

+By population, California is the most populous state and the least populous state
is Wyoming

-Borders:

+ Land borders: The United States shares land borders with Canada to the north
(13 U.S states) and Mexico to the south (4 states)

+ Maritime borders: A territorial water border with Russia in the Northwest, and
two territorial water borders in the Southeast between Florida and Cuba, and
Florida and the Bahamas.

-Capital: Washington D.C (Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district

located on land donated by the state of Maryland). Washington was named after
George Washington, the first President of the United States and Founding Father.
The city is also one of the most visited cities in the world, with more than 20
million tourists annually.

-The Flag: +The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the
American flag, is the national flag of the United States.
+ It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom)
alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically
as the "union") bearing fifty small white stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent
the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the
thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great
Britain.

+ Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-
Spangled Banner.

-Symbols of the US:

+ The US flag

+ The Liberty Bell: International Symbol of Freedom. The Liberty Bell bears a
timeless message: "Proclaim Liberty Throughout All the Land Unto All the
Inhabitants thereof", the bell today is located in the Liberty Bell Center in
Independence National Historical Park.

+ The Bald Eagle: “They are unique to North America, making them ‘our’ eagle;
they are strong and independent; they are survivors. They are majestic, bold, and
faithful. They are a symbol of strength and determination.” Bald eagles are not
actually bald; the name derives from an older meaning of the word, "white
headed". The adult is mainly brown with a white head and tail. The bald eagle is
national animal and appears in its seal.

+ The National anthem: The Star Spangled Banner (was written by Francis Scott
Key and made official with a congressional resolution on March 3,1931)

+ Uncle Sam: Uncle Sam was supposedly based on a real person, Sam Wilson,
served as a symbol of patriotism, and is a personification of the government of
the United States of America.
III/ US TOPOGRAPHY : ( LươngThị Kim Huệ)

Varied topography

1. Eastern regions:

The eastern United States has a varied topography.

A broad, flat coastal plain lines the Atlantic and Gulf shores from the Texas-
Mexico border to New York City, and includes the Florida peninsula, which is
home to some of the most beautiful beaches in the world. This broad coastal plain
and barrier islands make up the widest and longest beaches in the United States,
much of it composed of soft, white sands. The Florida Keys are a string of coral
islands that reach the southernmost city on the United States mainland (Key
West).

Areas further inland feature rolling hills, mountains, and a diverse collection of
temperate and subtropical moist and wet forests. The Appalachian Mountains
form a line of low mountains separating the eastern seaboard from the Great
Lakes and the Mississippi Basin.

2. Central regions: Vast plains

The Great Plains lie west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains.

A large portion of the country's agricultural products are grown in the Great
Plains. Before their general conversion to farmland, the Great Plains were noted
for their extensive grasslands, from tallgrass prairie in the eastern plains to
shortgrass steppe in the western High Plains.

3. Western regions: high rugged mountain ranges

The Great Plains come to an abrupt end at the Rocky Mountains. The Rocky
Mountains form a large portion of the Western U.S.

The Rocky Mountain region is the highest region of the United States by average
elevation.

The Rocky Mountains generally contain fairly mild slopes and wider peaks
compared to some of the other great mountain ranges.

The highest peaks of the Rockies are found in Colorado, the tallest peak being
Mount Elbert at 14,440 ft (4,400 m).

In addition, instead of being one generally continuous and solid mountain range,
it is broken up into a number of smaller, intermittent mountain ranges, forming a
large series of basins and valleys.

West of the Rocky Mountains lies the Intermontane Plateaus (also known as the
Intermountain West), a large, arid desert lying between the Rockies and the
Cascades and Sierra Nevada ranges.

Southwest is predominantly a low-lying desert region. A portion known as the

Colorado Plateau, centered around the Four Corners region, is considered to have
some of the most spectacular scenery in the world.

4. Alaska

Alaska is one of two U.S. states not bordered by another state.

In the southeast is a narrow coastal panhandle cut off from the main Alaskan
landmass by the St. Elias Range. This region, featuring numerous mountain peaks
of 10,000 ft (3,000 m) in elevation, is paralleled by the Alexander Archipelago.

The southwestern region includes the Alaska Peninsula, filled with lightly wooded,
rugged peaks
Western Alaska extends from Bristol Bay to the Seward Peninsula, an immense
tundra dotted with lakes and containing the deltas of the Yukon and Kuskokwim
rivers, the longest in the state at 1,900 mi (3,058 km) and 680 mi (1,094 km),
respectively.

5. Hawaii

Hawaii, far to the south of Alaska in the Pacific Ocean, is a chain of tropical,
volcanic islands, popular as a tourist destination for many from East Asia and the
mainland United States.

IV/ CLIMATE ( MaiThịHuế)

1. General climate

a wide variety of climates

However, in general it has a continental climate, with cold winters (often frigid)
and hot summers (sometimes very hot), more or less continental depending on
the latitude and the distance from the sea.

Weather varies widely across the continental USA, as well as in Alaska and Hawaii.

In general terms, summers are hot and humid in the plains and southern states,
while the southwest is very hot and quite dry.

- Endless summers are southern California and Florida trademarks, while in the
Pacific Northwest and New England states, summers are warm with cool
mornings and pleasant evening conditions.

-Winters in the southern states are mild, while in the north, northeast, plains
states, and in the western mountains, conditions are often quite cold with heavy
snow and sub-freezing temperatures.

2. Natural disasters and effects

* Tornadoes

Because of contrasting air masses, the Great Plains, the Midwest, and the
southern United States have frequent occur thunderstorms and tornadoes during
both the spring and the summer. In central portions of the U.S., tornadoes are
more common than anywhere else in the world.

The strip of land from north Texas north to Nebraska and east into Southern
Michigan is known as Tornado Alley, where many houses have tornado shelters
and where many towns have tornado sirens.

• Floods

The Great Mississippi Flood in 1927 was the most destructive river flood in the
history of the United States, with 27,000 square miles (70,000 km2) with the dept
of 30 feet (9 m). To try to prevent future floods, the federal government built the
world's longest system of levees and floodways.

Consequence, ninety-four percent of more than 630,000 people affected by the

flood. More than 200,000 African Americans were displaced from their homes
along the Lower Mississippi River and had to live for lengthy periods in relief
camps. As a result of this disruption, many joined the Great Migration from the
south to northern and midwestern industrial cities rather than return to rural
agricultural labor. This massive population movement increased from World War
II until 1970.

The Great Flood of 1993 was a flood that occurred in the Midwestern United
States, along the Mississippi and Missouri rivers and their tributaries. The flood
was among the most costly and devastating to ever occur in the United States,
with $15 billion in damages. The flooded area totaled around 30,000 square miles
(78,000 km2) and was the worst such U.S. disaster since the Great Mississippi
Flood of 1927, as measured by duration, area inundated, persons displaced, crop
and property damage, and number of record river levels

• Hurricanes
The Michael Hurricane appeared on October 2018, it was one of the four most
powerful hurricanes. It landed to Mexico Beach and Florida. As a result, at least 14
people died, more than 800,000 customers across five states are without power,
many homes and constructions have been completely destroyed.

In September, Hurricane Florence hit the Carolinas, and dumped upward of 35

inches of rain in places and more than 10 trillion of gallons across Carolina and
Virginia.

The hurricane made at least 46 people died, around 30,000-40,000 homes have
been destroyed, and 35,000 people relocated to emergency shelters. The
recovery is expected to cost well more than $150 billion, and it will take years to
complete.