International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 2, February-2016

ISSN 2229-5518 525

Power Management System Using PIR Sensor

Tushar Pokale Swapnil Wasule
dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication
PRMIT&R, Badnera PRMIT&R, Badnera
Amravati, India Amravati, India
tusharpokale72@gmail.com swapnilmw42@gmail.com

Abstract—Intelligent energy saving system, the aim of the the lighting system will reset its programmed but if the hall
project is to save the energy or power, is use in places like home, stage empty the lighting system and air conditioner will turn
libraries, industries etc. where lighting is very important. The aim off automatically.
of the project is use to save energy or power use in places like
In our paper we try to save electrical energy because
libraries where lighting is very important for the people who come
to read books. So libraries will be well illuminated with many
we know that population increases day by day and there needs
lamps. However, in this project work the basic signal processing of also increases, so we need to save the electrical energy by
various parameters which are temperature, LDR, Relay, micro- using this system and we try to send a message to the world
controller etc. don’t miss use the electrical energy.

Keywords—PIR sensor (Passive Infrared Sensor), LDR (Light 2. MATERIAL

Dependent resistance), Relay, Micro-controller, Temperature
Sensor, Voltage Regulator IC.
2.1 Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR sensor)

IJSER
A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an sensor
to measures infrared rays (IR) light radiating from moving
body of object. PIR sensor sense the heat of the object i.e.
1. INTRODUCTION
human body.

The development of any country depends to a large 2.2 LDR (Light Dependent resistance)
extend on availability and uses of electricity. We can generate
electricity from renewable sources and help full for conserve It stands for Light Dependent Resistor or Photo
non-renewable sources, renewable sources are not harmful for resistor, which is a passive electronic component, basically a
environment i.e. echoes friendly. All country required to resistor which has a resistance that varies depending of the
conserve energy for upcoming generation to give them good light intensity. A photo resistor is made of a high resistance
life, so it’s very important to conserve electrical energy. Our semiconductor that absorbs photons. It also based on the
aim is to conserved energy or save electrical energy. frequency of the photons. The total number of electrons is
dependent of the photons frequency.
Nowadays, we can’t think our life without electricity
as like food, cloth and shelter. In the world usage of electricity 2.2.1 Description of LDR
is increasing day by day because we do not have the
The LDR resistance is increases as darkness is increases,
awareness of the importance of a electricity. This is the reason
almost high as 1MΩ but when there is light rays that incident
of the increasing cost of managing, conserving and on the LDR, the resistance is descresing to a few KΩ (10-
distributing. This problem also occurs everywhere in the 20kΩ @ 10 lux, 2-4kOmega; @ 100 lux) depending on the
world. The level of electricity usage is high especially at model.
classrooms or library. Thus, this energy saving project will be
created. When people use electrical devices Sometimes people
LDRs are very useful in many electronic circuits, especially
forget to switch off the lighting appliances. That lost the in digital devices and more other. There are some audio
energy i.e. electricity. Based on this problem, this energy application and sound system. It is used for turn ON or OFF a
saving project will be created using PIR sensor and LDR device according to the ambient light. On
photo resistor. electroschematics.com we have some circuits that uses the
photo resistor.
In this project we used the Passive Infrared Sensor
(PIR sensor) to detect the body heat of humans. When the
sensor detect nobody are in the lecture hall so the micro-
controller counts the particular time in that particular time
there are somebody coming into the lecture hall, the fans and

IJSER © 2016
http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 2, February-2016
ISSN 2229-5518 526

2.3 Relay

A relay is an electrically operated switch. A relay use

an electromagnet to operate a switch mechanically, some other
operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays.

Relays are use for controlling a circuit by a low-

power signal. The relays is used in long distance telegraph
circuits as amplifiers they repeated the signal come from one
circuit and re-transmitted it on another circuit. Relays were
used extensively in telephone exchanges and nowadays it use
to perform logical operations in computers.

2.4 Microcontroller
Figure (a): Block Diagram of System
A microcontroller is a small computer use in one
integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and
programmable input/output peripherals. A microcontroller is
use and designed for embedded applications. Microprocessors
used many computers and general use.

2.5 Temperature Sensor

IJSER
The temperature sensor device is that they are used
for specially designed to measure the heat of an object.
However, sensors are actually measuring the change in
temperature. When temperature sensor devices read an object
with zero change in temperature, that point takes as an initial
temperature. When a substance is heated, it usually moves
through some phases solid to liquid and from liquid to gas
until also change in temperature increasing or decreasing.

3. Block diagram Description

As shown in figure (a) the block diagram, First the

PIR sensor connected to the output of microcontroller will
search for any human motion in the allocated area, if motion is
detected then it will give logic 1 to the controller after this the
temperature sensor connected to the controller will check the
room temperature if the room temperature is below set value
then it will turn OFF the fan else the fan will get ON, at the
same time the LDR connected to micro-controller will check
weather sufficient light is present, if sufficient light is not
present then the LDR will turn ON the light else not.

Figure (b): C i r c u i t D i a g r a m

IJSER © 2016
http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 2, February-2016
ISSN 2229-5518 527

4. RESULT

As per our survey in residential meter for stair cases, 5. CONCLUSION

we came to know that with PIR we can save overall electricity
cost about 86 per tube light as shown in table below. Intelligent energy saving system is not limited for
any particular application, it is to be use anywhere in colleges,
industries for small process modification in software coding
according to the requirements.

In future that our next generation will develop this

energy saver system with wireless network. In our paper we
connected the entire sensor to micro-controller with wire. This
can be developed with wireless such that we place different
sensor in different places. This sensor active the micro-
controller with the signal instead of using wire. So we can
decrease propagation delay time and cost of wiring.

REFERENCES
[1] Yao, Jian ; Faculty of Architectural, Civil Engineering and
Environment, Ningbo University, China “Research on building
electricity saving by 65% base on BPNN ”, Wuhan, China,
pp.30-31, May 2010.
In this project work we have studied and
[2] Sung-Ling Chen ; Dept. of Electr. Eng,”The electricity savings
implemented complete working model using micro-controller. by using probabilistic neural network for room air-conditioners”
This work induces the study of energy saving in much

IJSER
Cheng Shiu univ., Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Ming-Tong Tsay, pp.2-
application. By using or implementing this project we are 24, Nov. 2004.
looking for more power conversion and high security. [3] Takagi, Y. ; Toshiba Corp.,”An optical control system with data
minig method for saving electricity”
Takagi, Y.; Toshiba corp.
[4] Dissasekera, M. ; dept. of electronic and communication
“Electricity saving and cost reducing through chiller system
optimization” Univ. of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri lanka, pp.17-
19, Dec. 2010.
[5] Ju-Yong Kim ; June-Whan Choi ; Kyoung Choi “Design of
automatic energy saving monitor for reducing waste of PC
electricity” Gyeongsangbuk-do, pp.26-28, Sept. 2011.
[6] Giral, D .A. ; Fac. Technological University Distrital Francisco
Jose de Caldas” Analysis and Review of the contribution of
Neural Network to saving electricity in residential lighting by a
design in MATLAB” Cuernavaca, pp.19-23, Nov. 2012.
[7] Eto, J.H. ; Lawrence Berkeley Lab., ”Saving electricity in
commercial buildings with adjustable speed drives”, pp.0-6, Aug
2002.

IJSER © 2016
http://www.ijser.org
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 2, February-2016
ISSN 2229-5518 528

AUTHORS

[1] Tushar Anilrao Pokale is completed degree in Electronics

Telecommunication Engineering From Sipna COET Amravati and pursuing
post graduation in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering From
PRMIT&R Badnera, Amravati.

[2] Swapnil Manoharrao Wasule is completed degree in Electronics

Telecommunication Engineering From PRMIT&R Badnera and pursuing post
graduation in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering From
PRMIT&R Badnera, Amravati.

IJSER

IJSER © 2016
http://www.ijser.org